The biological bases of behaviour: Brain

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psych 104
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The biological bases of behaviour: Brain
  1. Looking inside the brain: research methods
    1. Electrical Recordings
      1. EEG: a device that monitors the electrical activity of the brain over time by means of recording electrodes attached to the surface of the scalp
      2. Electrical stimulation of the brain
        1. ESB: sending weak electric current into a brain structure to stimulate it. brain behaviour relationships
          1. Used in brain surgeries
        2. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
          1. permits scientists to temporarily enhance or depress activity in a specific area of the brain
          2. Brain-imaging procedures
            1. CT scan- the brain structure
              1. PET- brain and behaviour relation
                1. MRI
                  1. fMRI
          3. The brain and behaviour
            1. The hindbrain
              1. cerebellum and two structures found in the lower part of the brainstem; medulla and pons
                1. Medulla- attacheds to the spinal cord, unconscious part
                  1. Pons- "bridge" connects brain stem with cerebellum
                    1. Cerebellum- coordination and movement
              2. Midbrain
                1. segment of the brainstem that lies between the hindbrain and the forebrain
                2. The Forebrain: largest complex part of brain
                  1. The thalamus- sensory information must pass to get to the cerebral cortex
                    1. Hypothalamus: regulation of basic biological needs
                  2. Limbic system: centre of emotion
                    1. loosely connected network of structures located roughly along the border between the cerebral cortex and deeper subcortical areas
                      1. The Cerebrum: centre of complex thought
                        1. made up of the cerebral cortex, cerebral hemispheres, and corpus callosum
                  3. Right and Left brain: Cerebral Laterality
                    1. Bisecting the brain: split- brain research
                      1. Split brain surgery- bundle of fibres that connects the cerebral hemispheres is cut to reduce the severity of epileptic seizures
                        1. each hemisphere's primary connections are to the opposite side of the body
                      2. Hemispheric specialization in the intact brain
                        1. perceptual asymmetries- left-right imbalances between the cerebral hemispheres in the speed of visual or auditory processing
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