Psychological Research Methods In Practice

Freuds reaction formation theory was criticised for lacking.....

Falsifiability: statements, hypothesis and theories are falsifiable if there is an inherent chance they can be proven false.

The definition of Scientific Theory:

Independent Variable - the variable manipulated by the researcher.

Alpha level - is the probability of making a wrong decision "the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the null hypothesis is true"

Null hypothesis - a prediction or claim about a population

Critical value - used in significance testing, is a value that test statistic must exceed in order for the null hypothesis to be rejected.