Unit 5 Cells

Plant and animal cells are similar, but have different distinct differences. The following images were seen under a microscope. Which of these images would best be identified as a plant cell?

How do organisms get the energy they need?

• Plants get energy from fertilizers
  Animals get energy by drinking water

• Plants get energy from glucose produced in the soil
  Animals get energy directly from sunlight

• Plants do not require energy because they do not move
  Animals get energy by performing exercises

• Plants break down the glucose they produced in photosynthesis
  Animals get energy from eating other organisms

Organelles are structures within the cell that perform important functions. Which of the following correctly matches the organelle with its relationship to the whole cell?

• nucleus - provides protection to the outside of the cell

• mitochondria - provides the instructions for making proteins

• chloroplasts - trap light energy and change it into food for the cell

• cell membrane - changes the energy the cell gets from food into a form the cell can use

Green plants produce their own food during photosynthesis. Which of these statements about photosynthesis is true?

• Water is one product of photosynthesis.

• Oxygen is one product of photosynthesis.

• Chlorophyll is one product of photosynthesis.

Mitochondria are important organelles within a cell. What would most likely happen if a cell's mitochondria were not functioning properly?

• The cells would use lysosomes to release energy.

• The cell's level of ATP would decrease.

• The cell would create new mitochondria by cell division.

• The cell's level of glucose would increase.

What do animals do with the carbon dioxide produced in their cells during cellular respiration?

• Store it for later use.

• Reuse it during photosynthesis.

• Exhale it in the breathing process.

• Combine it with water to make sugar.

Plant cells use photosynthesis to make food.
Plants cells also use cellular respiration to get energy from the food they make. How is cellular respiration di erent from photosynthesis?

• Photosynthesis produces ATP, and cellular respiration produces sugars.

• Photosynthesis requires oxygen, and cellular respiration requires carbon dioxide.

• Photosynthesis produces oxygen, and cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.

• Photosynthesis requires energy from food, and cellular respiration requires energy from the sun.

What is the difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells?

• Only prokaryotic cells have cytoplasm.

• Only eukaryotic cells have cell membrane.

• Only prokaryotic cells have genetic material.

• Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

Why is the sun necessary for plants to live on Earth?

• Plants convert the sun's energy into water.

• Plants convert the sun's energy into food.

• Plants convert the sun's energy into carbon dioxide.

When examining cells with a microscope, you can see the outlines of plant cells easily, but the outlines of animal cells are hard to see. Why are animal cells harder to see than plant cells?

• The cytoplasm of plant cells is green, but the cytoplasm of animal cells is colorless.

• Plant cells have cell walls, but animal cells do not.

• Plant cells are larger than animal cells.

• Plant cells contain organelles, but animal cells do not.

Which of these would be the best method of measuring the rate of photosynthesis in a plant?

• oxygen production

• water production

• carbon dioxide production

• glucose production

On a laboratory exam, a student is asked to determine if the cells under a microscope are plant cells or animal cells. What might the student look for?

• Chloroplast & Cell Wall

• Ribosomes & Vacuoles

• Nucleus & Ribosomes

• Cell Membrane & Mitochondria

In the past, scientists classified all organisms as either plants or animals, but never both. This classification proved wrong when unicellular organisms were observed switching back and forth between the two categories. Then a new classification system was invented.
What can be concluded from this?

• Theories are more important than observations.

• Scientists must always be prepared to re-evaluate theories with new data.

• Observations that do not agree with current theories are wrong.

• If recorded data does not support the current theory, the theory must be wrong.

Which of these is the correct formula for Cellular Respiration?

• Oxygen + Carbon → Energy + Glucose

• Glucose + Carbon Dioxide → Water + Oxygen

• Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

• Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy → Glucose + Oxygen

Students are studying the rate of photosynthesis in bean plants. Which of the following environmental condition changes would MOST directly a ect the photosynthetic activity of the plant cells?

• oxygen concentration in the air

• sugar concentration in the water

• carbon dioxide concentration in the air

• water concentration in the air

Which of the following correctly describes how a diagram of cellular respiration would differ from a diagram of photosynthesis?

• the cellular respiration diagram would show the electron transport chain as the final step

• the cellular respiration diagram would show glucose as the main source of energy

• the cellular respiration diagram would show energy stored in large protein molecules called pyruvate

• the cellular respiration diagram would show water as the main source of chemical energy

Which statement describes why respiration is necessary for the survival of organisms?

• respiration is necessary for organisms because it removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

• respiration is necessary for organisms because it removes oxygen from the atmosphere

• respiration is necessary for organisms because it converts food energy into a form usable by cells

• respiration is necessary for organisms because it converts light energy into a form usable by cells

Which of these would happen to the cell if cellular respiration stopped?

• it would have to access backup energy trapped in the chemical bonds of food

• it would no longer be able to passively transport materials across its cell membrane

• it would not have access to the energy it needs to perform its functions

• it would grow larger because it would not be able to dispose of waste

Plants use energy from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce sugar. Which structure is found only in plant cells and helps capture energy from sunlight?

• vacuole

• mitochondria

• chromosomes

• chloroplast

Which of the tissues cover the surface of the human body?

Which of the following tissues makes movement possible?

Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle tissue?

• cardiac

• skeletal

• smooth

• bone

What makes muscle tissue unique?

• It is the only type of tissue that can not regrow itself once damaged.

• It is the only type of tissue in our bodies with mitochondria.

• It is the only type of tissue that is all over our bodies.

• It is the only type of tissue that is voluntary & involuntary to make movement possible.

The diagram above represents a reflex arc in a human. This pathway responds when someone touches something that causes pain, such as a hot stove.
​Which of the following shows the correct order of the body systems involved in this response?

• Integumentary, respiratory, digestive

• Circulatory, respiratory, nervous

• Integumentary, nervous, muscular

• Circulatory, digestive, nervous