Shock management starts during
Non-physician aid
Qualified physician Medical Aid
Specalised physician Medical Aid
Disaster Medical Management could be defined as
Complex decision making process in order to react adequately with available means and capabilities in case of disaster
Complex decision making process in order to prepare adequately with available means and capabilities in case of disaster
The process of optimization of the Disaster Medical Organisation and structure in order to respond more effectively to the disaster consequences with the available means and capabilities
Area of Radiological Damage after Radiological Incident in comparison with nuclear bomb Area of Damage
Has less damaging factors, higher temperature, longer radiological contamination, greater variety of radioisotopes
Has less damaging factors, lower temperature, longer radiological contamination, greater variety of radioisotopes
Has less damaging factors, lower temperature, shorter radiological contamination, greater variety of radioisotopes
What is the objective of sanitary control?
To plan and execute the adequate and appropriate eradication activities to all detected health hazards
To protect population and environment of possible health threats in specific regions
To detect via specific activities the available and potential health hazards and to prevent their impact on population life and health
What are the main features of the Flood?
Depth and speed of the water, scope of the flooded zone, water temperature
Depth and speed of water, time of onset, number of injured, time for arriving of the tide and time for water removing
Depth of the water, casualties number, available and required means and capabilities
Which particle is ionizing indirectly
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Shock Management First steps in Disaster Medical Support are related to the
Pain removal
Fluid resuscitation
Vascular spasm removal
Disaster Medical Support Plan could be defined as
A document where all activities of medical means in case of disaster occurrence are described
Decision making process in order to prepare the adequate reaction with available means and capabilities in case of disaster
During the second stage of the Disaster Medical Management and Support are addressed
All affected in the Area of Damaged
All injured in the Area of Damage
All affected in the Area of Damage and its vinicity
Qualified medical aid is performed during second stage of Disaster Medical Management and Support by
By medical teams in treatment facilities in vicinity of the area of damage
By medical teams in temporary medical stations established in vicinity of the area of damage
By highly- readiness medical teams in vicinity of the area of damage
Removal of all types of asphyxia is
Non physician Medical Aid
Specialized physician Medical Aid
The ionizing radiation activity is measured with unit
Grey
Sievert
Becquerel
The disaster relief for population could be defined as
Complex of specific activities in order to minimize the impact of disaster's damaging factors and to decrease the number of irreversible casualties and minimize the residual disability among medical casualties
Scientific and practical activities of disaster medical management and support to the population in order to protect, secure and assure the human life, health and ability in case of disastrous events
Establishing standard operating procedures, methodologies and policies for prevention and treatment of the entire spectrum probable health injuries, diseases and epidemics related to disasters
Provision of shelter, food, water and medical support for all in need is part of the
Recovery group activities
Response group activities
Preventive group activities
Disaster Medical Management and Support objective is
To plan and execute scientific and practical activities of disaster medical management and support to population in order to protect, secure and assure the human life, health and ability in case of disastrous events
To prevent human health and life damage and lessen the number of injured, victims and disabled, in case of disaster
To minimize the impact of disaster’s damaging factors and to decrease the number of irreversible casualties and minimize the residual disability among medical casualties
What are the activities when the medical team is arriving as team enhancing the operating Disaster Medical Support
Perform medical intelligence, then to represent himself to medical officer in charge and report on medical team's number and capabilities, and Individual Protective Equipment available
To perform medical intelligence, then to represent himself to incident commander and then to medical officer in charge and report on medical team’s number and capabilities, and Individual Protective Equipment available
To represent himself to medical officer in charge and report on medical team’s number and capabilities, and Individual Protective Equipment available
Artificial Breathing should not be used in management of casualty with
Phosphor-organic poisoning
Ammonia Posoining
Carbon monoxide poisoning
What is the first step in Chemical Area of Disaster Medical Management and Support?
To perform Medical Intelligence
To decontaminate the casualties
To use protective equipment in order to assure you and the other team members safety and security
During the First Stage of the Disaster Medical Management and Support are addressed
By medical teams in temporary medical stations established in area closest to the area of damage
By medical teams in the area of damage
By everyone in the area of damage
Passive immunization is performed to:
to those who were in contact with the people demonstrating symptoms of the disease
those with symptoms of the disease
to entire population at risk
Toxic allergic edema surrounding necrotic changes in the tissues is observed in:
intoxication with NH3
intoxication with chlorine
intoxication with CN
The consequence of the CN intoxicated casualty treatment to:
amyl nitrate. sodium thiosulfate, hydroxocobolamin
sodium thiosulfate, amyl nitrate. hydroxocobolamin
amyl nitrate, hydroxocobolamin, sodium thiosulfate
The main elements of the Bulgarian Unified Rescue System are:
Directorate National Police, Directorate "Civil Protection", Directorate "Fire Safety", Centres for Emergency Medical Help
Directorate "Civil Protection", Directorate "Fire Safety". Centres tor Emergency Medical Help
Directorate National Police, Directorate "Fire Safety and Civil Protection" Centres for Emergency Medical Help
Disaster Medical Support Plan is:
description of the medical activities sequence in case of disaster along with description of the medical teams and resources needed for these activities
document where the medical activities in case of disaster are described
activities that have to be performed by the particular medical teams with the available preplanned technical and medical equipment in order to save human lives and health in case of disaster
Disaster's main factor leading to humans life and health threat is:
the disparity between required and available medical means and capabilities for lifesaving aid
disaster's type, magnitude and scope
sudden onset
Sanitary control is performed during:
prodrome phase
recovery phase
all phases
The eradication measures after the sanitary expertise are:
disinfection, disinsection. deratization
degazation, detoxification, disinfection
burning, burying
Scope of the medical activities in the treatment and rehabilitation of the injured in case of Disasters are:
Disaster Medicine Objective
Disaster Medicine Topic
Disaster Medicine Task
Toxic allergic oedema is one of the main characteristics for
Chlorine
Ammonia poisoning
When you could protect yourself by breathing through handkerchief with Na2CO3
In case of CO poisoning
In case of NH3 poisoning
In case of Cl2 Poisoning
If the casualty has pulse, but does not breath, what you do you have to do
Perform artificial breathing 10 times
Liberate the airways and perform artificial breathing 5 times
Liberate the airways and perform artificial breathing 10 times
Alpha particles features:
High mass, High Ionizing Activity, Highly penetrating, High speed, Travel long distances
High mass, High Ionizing Activity, Highly penetrating, Low speed, Travel short distances
High mass, High Ionizing Activity, Low penetrating, Low speed, Travel short distances
To represent himself to medical officer in charge and report on medical team's number and capabilities and Individual Protective Equipment available
To perform medical intelligence, then to represent himself to medical officer in charge and report on medical team's number and capabilities and Individual Protective Equipment available
To perform medical intelligence, then to represent himself to incident commander and then to medical officer in charge and report on medical team's number and capabilities and Individual Protective Equipment available
When is the MEDINT performed?
MEDINT is the first medical activity to be performed. It is performed during entire disaster medical support operation planning and execution
MEDINT is the first medical activity to be performed. It is performed during entire medical management and support and it is continuing as monitoring the situation after the disaster medical support operation completion
MEDINT is the first medical activity to be performed. It is performed during entire disaster medical support operation execution and it is continuing as monitoring the situation after the disaster medical support completion
What are the principles of Disaster Medical Support Planning
Unity, Particularity, Continuity, Actuality
Operability, Flexibility, Continuity, Centralization, Autonomy
Operability, Particularity, Continuity, Actuality, Flexibility
Acute Radiation Syndrome is
Aggregation of Haematopoetic, Gastro-Intestinal and Neuro-vascular Syndromes
Aggregation of Haematopoetic, Gastro-Intestinal, Hemorrhagic and Neuro-vascular Syndromes
Aggregation of Hemorrhagic, Gastro-Intestinal and Neuro-vascular Syndromes
When Contingency Plan is revised
During execution of disaster medical support activities based on Disaster Manager Directions and Guidance regarding organisation and coordination of the disaster medical response and medical assets capabilities, capacities and readiness
During execution of Disaster medical support activities based on the data of Medical Intelligence regarding medical situation and on medical reports
With disaster occurrence, based on the data of the Medical Intelligence about the type of disaster, its location, number of casualties and available and required medical means and capabilities
Where usually the Temporary Medical situations are located for earthquake medical support provision
In the zone of moderate and zone of light destructions
Close to the Area of Damage- 1-2 km out of the Area
In the zone of light destruction and out of the area of damage
The stochastic effects of ionizing radiation are related to
Absorbed dose
Equivalent dose
Effective dose
Physical Absorbed dose Measurement consists of
Lymphocytes count, number and initiation of vomiting, body temperature measurement, level of dermal reaction
Leukocytes count, number and initiation of vomiting, body temperature measurement, level of dermal reaction
Number and initiation of vomiting, body temperature measurement, level of dermal reaction
What is the Standard Operating Procedure for Radiological casualty management
Medical Intelligence, Triage. Decontamination, Organised Evacuation, Stabilization. Medical Evacuation, Pre-hospital Triage, Hospital Treatment
Medical Intelligence, Triage, Organised Evacuation, Stabilization, Medical Evacuation, Pre-hospital Triage, Hospital Treatment
Triage, Decontamination, Organised Evacuation, Triage, Stabilization, Medical Evacuation, Pre-hospiml Triage, Hospital Treatment
The determinative effects of ionizing radiation are related to
What is the first information required for Disaster Medical Support Plan creation
Information about disaster type available and required medical means and number and structure of the casualties
Directions of the medical managers
Medical Intelligence data regarding the disaster and the available means and capabilities
The earthquake medical impact is directly related to the
Depth of the earthquake, energy released in epicenter and the distance from hypocenter
Depth of the earthquake, energy released in epicenter and the distance from epicenter
Distance between hypocenter and epicenter energy released in hypocenter and the distance from epicenter
Please list the best definition of Disaster Medicine Topic
The treatment process of the inured, commences in the affected area nearby, continues during the medical evacuation and finalizes in particular medical facilities, depending on type and severity of the suffered injuries
Optimizing the established structures and doctrines for prompt, adequate and efficient planning, organization and execution of the Disasters Medical Management and Support
Standard Medical Operating {Procedures in case of Disasters and scope of medical activities, treatment and rehabilitation of the injured in case of Disasters
Hypoxia, hypoxemia, hypocapnia, alkalosis and following acidosis we could find in laboratory test in case of
CN poisoning
Cl2 poisoning
NH3 poisoning
none of these
During the Directed evacuation of medical casualties the direction is
to medical treatment facilities
out of area of damage
to the temporary medical stations
Phosphor-organic compounds could be classified as
Blood poisoning
General Toxic Poison
Suffocating Poison
Phosphor-organic Compounds are
Heavier than air, are entering by breathing are stimulating acetylcholine esterase activity
Heavier than air, are entering via all routes are stimulating acetylcholine esterase activity
Heavier than air, are entering via all routes are deactivating acetylcholine esterase
The consequences of Cardio-respiratory resuscitation with one savior
Start with artificial ventilation followed by external cardiac massage. The rate has to be 1:5. There are to be made 10 such series, and then reevaluate the patient
Start with artificial ventilation followed by external cardiac massage. The rate ventilation/ cardiac massage has to be of 2:15. There are to be made 10 such series and then reevaluate the patient
Start with artificial ventilation followed by external cardiac massage. The rate ventilation/ cardiac massage has to be of 1:10. There are to be made 10 such series and then reevaluate the patient
Where the Medical Aid is performed
In temporary medical stations and hospitals close to the Area of Damage
In temporary medical stations and hospitals within Area of Damage
In temporary medical stations close to the Area of Damage
Early hazard detection followed by risk assessment and triage is:
Disaster Medicine task
Disaster Medicine objective
Disaster Medicine principle
Which casualties have to be triaged first
Dangerous for themselves and the others
Casualties with life threatening injures
Died
Please list the steps of the medical team when arriving as first medical team for disaster relief operation
Report to the Incident Commander about the capabilities of the team receiving directives; Medical Intelligence and report to the Disaster Medical Manager
Medical Intelligence and report to the Disaster Medical Manager; Report to the Incident Commander about the capabilities of the team, receiving directives,
Medical Intelligence and report to the Disaster Medical Manager; starting casualty triage, stabilization and medical evacuation
The main characteristics of one disaster are:
natural or man-made phenomenon; sudden onset; complicated general and medical situation; great material loses and number of casualties
natural or man-made phenomenon; sudden onset; great material loses and number of casualties; requiring medical assistance far beyond the routine daily needs and imposing mobilization of available resources, which is sufficient for adequate response
natural or man-made phenomenon; sudden onset; great material loses and number of casualties; requiring medical assistance far beyond the routine daily needs and demanding external assistance
Activities performed in order to maintain the basic life functions and to prevent the severe complications are:
physician medical aid
non physician medical aid
first aid
When the casualty has pulse but is not breathing what has to be done
liberation of the airways and 10 artificial breathings
liberation of the airways and 2 artificial breathings and 30 external cardiac massage
10 Artificial breathings
Disaster Medical Support Management principles are:
continuity, adequacy, unity, particularity, centralization
flexibility, particularity, centralization, autonomy, unity
operability, centralization, autonomy, flexibility, continuity
Absorbed Dose is
unit of ionizing radiation and measures the amount of radiation required to deposit 1 joule of energy in 1 kilogram mass
unit of ionizing radiation and measures the amount of radiation required to create 1 coulomb charge in 1 kilogram mass
unit of ionizing radiation and measures the amount of radiation required to create biological effect in the human body
When you could protect yourself by breathing through handkerchief with vinegar
In case of Cl2 poisoning
URS main elements are
- From Ministry of Internal Affairs: National Agency Fire Safety and Civil Protection of population
- From Ministry of Health: Centers for Emergency Medical Help
- From Ministry of Internal Affairs: National Agency Civil Protection National Agency Fire Safety and Civil Protection of population
- From Ministry of Internal Affairs: Police Fire Safety and Protection Civil Protection Gendarmerie
- From MH: Centers for Emergency Medical Help Head of regional center for Community Health Preservation or his/her representative Head of the major hospital in the region Subjects Experts- Engineers, Communications, Disaster Medicine
The medical support consists of
First medical aid, triage, evacuation, treatment, directed medical evacuation, hospital treatment
Treatment and evacuation, hygiene and anti-epidemics support, medical means and capabilities
First medical aid, triage, evacuation, treatment and stabilization, directed medical evacuation, pre-hospital triage, hospital treatment and rehabilitation, preventive medicine measures in order to preserve population's health
Casualty with history of swallowing alpha emitter:
it is not necessary to be decontaminated
could be decontaminated if there is time and capabilities
has to be decontaminated always because is danger for the others (casualties and rescue teams)
The equivalent dose depends on:
absorbed dose and the radiation weighting factor
absorbed dose and tissue weighting factor
exposure and radiation weighting factor
For medical support to the war time affected population you have to plan medical teams consisting of:
Epidemiologists, surgeons, general or internal medicine, psychologists, anesthesiologists, midwives
Epidemiologists, pediatricians, internal medicine/general medicine, psychologists, midwives
Surgeons, orthopedics, anesthesiologists. emergency medicine
Serbian citizens entering in Bulgaria after the 2014 heavy flood are considered:
people with status of refugee
migrants
refugees
The main damaging factor in case of mass people movement is:
biological
stress and panic
thermal
Terrorists objective is:
to inflict as much as possible casualties amid their adversaries
indirectly to influence society way of thinking
to inflict as much as possible casualties amid population
When we are observing longer environmental contamination?
after nuclear plant failure
after nuclear bomb explosion
no difference
Health risk assesment is
The process of preventive measures evaluation and selection in order to minimize or eradicate assessed risks levels
The process of collecting, analyses and evaluation of the available information about available hazards, risks factors and their probability to cause acceptable or unacceptable health harm
The process of identification and analyses of entire spectrum of existing hazards with potential to cause health harm in given circumstances
Analyzing the available hazards and risk factors is part of the
Casualty with history of swallowing gamma emmiter
It is not neccessary to be decontaminated
Could be decontaminated if there is time and capabilities
The effective dose depends on
For medical support to refuggees' camp you have to plan medical teams consisting of:
epidemiologists, pediatricians, internal medicine/general medicine, psychologists, midwives
epidemiologists, surgeons, general or internal medicine, psychologists, anesthesiologists, midwives
surgeons, orthopedics, anesthesiologists, emergency medicine
Afghan citizen entering in Bulgaria in 2016 are considered
Disaster main factor threatening humans' life and health is:
the disparity between required and available medical means and capabilities for lifesaving aids
In accordance to the Bulgarian classification the significant ecological disorders are
man-made disasters
disasters classified in group others
climate change related disasters
How many are the zones in the AOD caused by residual radiation?
3
4
5
The level of health risk when hazard is identified, with potential to cause distinguished negative impact on population and society and preventive measures implementation has limited possibilities through moderating factors' effects is
moderate
high
health threat
