BSCI 103 Test 1

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What things do all living things have in common?

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Lifes Hierarchy From Least to Greatest?
( Atom, Molecule, Organelle, Cells, Tissue, Organs and Organ System, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere )
( Atom, Organs and Organ System, Organelles, Cells, Tissue, Molecule, Community, Organism, Population, Ecosystem, Biosphere )
( Biosphere, Organelle, Ecosystem, Molecule, Cells, Community, Tissue, Organs and Organ System, Organism, Population, Atom )
( Cells, Organism, Atom, Organelle, Tissue, Biosphere, Ecosystem, Community, Population, Organs and Organ System, Molecule )
( Tissue, Organelle, Atom, Biosphere, Ecosystem, Community, Population, Organism, Organs and Organism, Cells, molecule )
( Organelles, Tissue, Organs and Organ System, Organism, Population, Cells, Molecule, Atom, Biosphere, Ecosystem, Community )
( Organism, Cells, Biosphere, Ecosystem, Community, Organelle, Population, Organs and Organ System, Tissue, Atom, Molecule )
( Molecule, Atom, Tissue, Organelles, Biosphere, Ecosystem, Population, Organism, Organs and Organ System, Cells, Community )
( Molecule, Biosphere, Organelle, Ecosystem, Cells, Community, Tissue, Population, Organs and Organ Systems, Organism )
( Community, Biosphere, Population, Ecosystem, Tissue, Atom, Molecule, Organism, Organs and Organ System, Cells, Organelle )
( Atom, Molecule, Organelles, Cells, Tissues, Organism, Population, Organs and Organ Sytem, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere )

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3 Domains of life ?

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Are the Plantae, Fungi and Animalia Within the Protist Kingdom?

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Observations which led Darwin to Evolutionary Theory?

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The Scientific Method Requires one to (In order)?:
1) Question
2) Observe
3) Hypothesis
4) Prediction
5) Explain Results
6) Accept or Reject Hypothesis

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4 Most common elements

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Atomic Number is?

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Atomic Mass is ?

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What is an Isotope

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A weak bond; polar, can bind with other polar molecules is a ionic bond?

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An Ionic bond is where some atoms gain ot lose electrons in order to gain ion attraction between ions of opposite charges .

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A covalent bond is a bond where atoms share electrons; 2+ atoms held by covalent bonds make a molecule

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Functional groups are part of a molecule that participate in chemical reactions, examples of these groups are... hydroxyl and carboxyl

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Lipids...

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Dehydration Synthesis ( Joins, Breaksdown ) and Hydrolysis ( Breaksdown, Joins ) chemical bonds.

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Primary Structure:

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Secondary Structure:

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Tertiary Structure:

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Quartenary Structure:

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lack a Membrane enclosed .

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( Eukaryotes, Prokaryotes ) have a membrane that surrounds ( Nuclear, Cytoplasm ) material.

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Phospholipids: Tails are , and heads are .

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Ribosomes make?

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The ( Endomembrane, Membrane, Organ ) system has interconnected membranes throughout cell for synthesis, storage and transportation.

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The structure which receives packages, such as transport vesicles, and modifies products, then repackages products in transport vesicles for other sites is called:

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The Endoplasmic Reticulum:

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( Lysosomes, Vacuoles ) merge with food ( vacuoles, lysosomes ) to digest food or destroy invading organisms.

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What are the energy converting organelles?

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Larger, Membraneous sacs which help in digestion, storage or water removal are called ( vacuoles, lysosomes )

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mitochondria are only found in plants

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are short and numerous and control movement, and are long and few and control movement.

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The location of a gene on a chromosome is called a

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Homozygous alleles are ( identical, different ) and Heterozygous alleles are ( different, identical )

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Complete the Punnett Square

RR

R

Rr

rR

rr

r

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are observable traits. are particular genes or alleles an individual carries.

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The law of ( segregation, Independent assortment ) states that pairs of genes separate during formation of gametes. The law of ( Independent Assortment, Segregation ) states that seperation occurs individually and that the way one gene is seperated does not affect how the other is seperated.

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Choose all recessive disorders:

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occurs when one allele is not filly dominant and phenotype of heterozygote is between two
example: red and white flower = pink flower

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( Codominance, Incomplete Dominance ) is when both alleles are expressed at the same time
Example: Blood type

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When a single gene affects many traits it is called polygenic inheritance

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Polygenic inheritance occurs when many genes affect single traits such as height, skin color and hair color

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Epistasis is the interaction between gene pairs, where sometimes the product of one pair of genes may alter the product of another pair of genes

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genes that travel together are called genes

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Place the genes in the correct order on the chromosome based upon their probability of recombination:
AB= 20% chance
AC= 10% chance
AD= 40% chance
( just choose the capital letter sometimes this is dumb)

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A sex-linked gene is found on the ( X, Y )-chromosomes
examples: Red-green colorblindness, hemophilia

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Label the cells as hypertonic, hypotonic or normal

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Facilitated diffusion is when transport protiens help move molecules across a membrane

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moves bulky molecules out of cells and moves bulky molecules into cells.

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( Pinocytosis, Phagocytosis ) takes in small drinks of fluid in tiny vesicles and ( Phagocytosis, Pinocytosis ) engulfs large pieces of food or bacteria in a vacuole

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❌ reactions require a net input of energy. An ❌ reaction releases energy.

Endergonic

Exergonic

exergonic

endergonic

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The photosynthesis equation is + ----> +
Do not include any parentheses

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Cellular respiration equation is:
( C6H12O6, 6CO2 )+( 6O2, 6H2O )---->( 6CO2, C6H12O6 )+( 6H2O, 6O2 )

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In ( oxidation, reduction ), a molecule loses electrons. In ( reduction, oxidation ) electrons a molecule gains electrons.

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A redox reaction is a coupled oxidation and reduction reaction
Photosynthesis is an example of a redox reaction

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ATP is generated in what ways?

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ATP's are made in Glycolysis, ATP's are made in the Citric Acid Cycle and are made in Oxidative Phosphorylation. There are in total.

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cut out specific genes of interest.

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factors which regulate gene expression?

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The two major phases of the cell cycle are M phase and Interphase

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( Introns, Exons ) are non coding segments, whereas ( Exons, Introns ) are coding segments.

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Genes that may cause cancer are called

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A proto-oncogene is a normal gene that had the potential to become

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Cancer which moves from its original site is called

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When building a new strand of DNA the enzyme DNA ( Polymerase, Ligase ) attaches free nucleotides to the growing new strand of DNA and the enzyme DNA ( ligase, polymerase ) seals the short strands of growing DNA together/

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There are three classes of RNA. Transcription of most genes produce RNA, this type of RNA carry protein building instructions. RNA is composed of ribosomes, here polypeptide chains of protiens are assembled. Lastly there is RNA, which delivers free amino acids to the ribosome where they assemble using the mRNA template.

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Ribosomes consist of three subunits, small, medium and large

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During translation subunits combine

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Common gene mutations are

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In the ( lysogenic, lytic ) cycle, the cell changes from a regular cell to a virus cell, in the ( lytic, lysogenic ) cycle, immediate action occurs, the virus copies itself and the cell breaks

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What is an example of a retrovirus?

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Bacteria transfer DNA in three ways. ( Transduction, Transformation, Conjugation ) is the process where a bacteriophage injects a piece of bacterial DNA into a bacteria with its own DNA. ( Transformation, Transduction, conjugation ) uptakes DNA from an outside source and is placed in a host cell. When two cells mate the donor cell transfer DNA to a recipient through sex pili or mating bridge, this is called ( conjugation, transformation, transduction )

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Interphase has 3 parts and is the longer phase of the two. It begins with the ( G1, G2, S ) phase, cell growth occurs in this stage. In the ( S, G1, G2 ) phase the DNA replicates and sister chromatids form. In the ( G2, G1, s ) phase the cell phase prepares for division.

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When the cytoplasm pinches into two it is called?

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Types of Cancer therapies

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1. In ( prophase, anaphase, metophase, telophase ) chromosomes condense, microtubules form and the chromosomes move to opposite poles of cell
2. In ( Metaphase, Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase ) chromosomes line up at the equator
3. In ( anaphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase ), chromatids break apart and move to opposite poles
4. In ( Telophase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase ) chromosomes de-condense, a new nuclear envolope forms and cell divides

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Give these sex-linked disorders their correct chromosome labeling:
Klinefelter = Male
Turners Syndrome = Female
Metafemale = Female

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Meiosis One
1. ( Interphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase ) - DNA replicates & sister chromatids form
2. ( Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase, Metaphase, Interphase )- genetic information is exchanged, nuclear envelope breaks
3. ( Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Interphase, Prohase )- chromosomes line up at equator
4. ( Anaphase, Metaphase, Prophase, Interphase, Telophase )- chromosomes separate and move to opposite sides
5. ( Telophase, Interphase, Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase ) - cytoplasm divides and 2 new haploid cells form

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Meiosis 2
1. - New microtubules form and attach to centromeres
2. - Chromosomes line at equator
3. - sister chromatids break apart and travel to opposite poles
4. - 4 new haploid cells for

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RFLP's ( Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms) can be used to identify people with harmful genes

Mariam Ajibola

BSCI 103 Test 1

BSCI 103 Test 1

What things do all living things have in common?

3 Domains of life ?

Are the Plantae, Fungi and Animalia Within the Protist Kingdom?

Observations which led Darwin to Evolutionary Theory?

The Scientific Method Requires one to (In order)?: 1) Question 2) Observe 3) Hypothesis 4) Prediction 5) Explain Results 6) Accept or Reject Hypothesis

4 Most common elements

Atomic Number is?

Atomic Mass is ?

What is an Isotope

A weak bond; polar, can bind with other polar molecules is a ionic bond?

An Ionic bond is where some atoms gain ot lose electrons in order to gain ion attraction between ions of opposite charges .

A covalent bond is a bond where atoms share electrons; 2+ atoms held by covalent bonds make a molecule

Functional groups are part of a molecule that participate in chemical reactions, examples of these groups are... hydroxyl and carboxyl

Lipids...

Dehydration Synthesis Joins Breaksdown( Joins, Breaksdown ) and Hydrolysis Breaksdown Joins( Breaksdown, Joins ) chemical bonds.

Primary Structure:

Secondary Structure:

Tertiary Structure:

Quartenary Structure:

The Scientific Method Requires one to (In order)?:
1) Question
2) Observe
3) Hypothesis
4) Prediction
5) Explain Results
6) Accept or Reject Hypothesis

Dehydration Synthesis ( Joins, Breaksdown ) and Hydrolysis ( Breaksdown, Joins ) chemical bonds.

( Eukaryotes, Prokaryotes ) have a membrane that surrounds ( Nuclear, Cytoplasm ) material.

The ( Endomembrane, Membrane, Organ ) system has interconnected membranes throughout cell for synthesis, storage and transportation.

( Lysosomes, Vacuoles ) merge with food ( vacuoles, lysosomes ) to digest food or destroy invading organisms.

Larger, Membraneous sacs which help in digestion, storage or water removal are called ( vacuoles, lysosomes )

Homozygous alleles are ( identical, different ) and Heterozygous alleles are ( different, identical )