C3 plants are often plagued by photorespiration which causes them to be less efficient in converting light into chemical energy. Why are C4 plants able to photosynthesize with no apparent photorespiration?
They do not participate in Calvin Cycle
They use PEP Carboxylase to initially fix CO2
They are adapted to cold, wet climates
They conserve water more efficiently
Energy released by the ETC in cellular respiration is used to pump H+ ions into what location?
Cytosol of the cell
From the mitochondria intermembrane space, through the mitochondria inner membrane and into the matrix
Into mitochondria intermembrane space from the mitochondria matrix
Outside of the mitochondria outer membrane
CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, reducing the loss of water. They can do this because:
Fix CO2 into organic acids at night. Break down during the day to release CO2
Fix CO2 into sugars into bundle sheath cells during day
Fix CO2 into pyruvate in mesophyll cells at night
Use enzymes as phosphofructokinase
Where does the Calvin Cycle take place?
On thylakoid membrane of chloroplast
Stroma of chloroplast
In the cytoplasm surrounding chloroplast
On the chlorophyll molecules
In chemiosmotic phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP to ATP?
Energy released as electrons flow through the ETC
energy released from substrate level phos. using NADH and FADH2
energy released from ATP synthase pumping hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix
energy released from movement of protons through the ATP synthase rotor complex
