valence bond theory

hybridized atomic orbitals

if the energy is _____ because of interactions between electrons/nucleus then a chemical bond formed. If energy is _____ then a chemical bond is not formed.

a chemical bond results from the _____ of 2 _____-_____ orbitals and spin-pairing of the 2 valence electrons (or less commonly the overlap of a completely _____ orbital with an _____ orbital)

hybridization

hybrid orbitals

hybrid orbitals allow greater _____ because the electron density in it is concentrated along a single directional _____.

hybrid orbitals _____ the energy of the molecule by _____ the orbital overlap in a bond.

Number of standard atomic orbitals added together always ____ the number of hybrid orbitals formed.

sp^3 Hybridization

sp^3 Hybridization
(visual)

sp^2 Hybridization

sp^2 Hybridization
(visual)

pi bond (π)

sigma bond (σ)

sigma & pi visual

2 atoms can form only _____ sigma bond.

a single bond is a ____ bond.

a double bond consists of a _____ bond and ____ bond.

a triple bond consists of a _____ bond and _____ _____ bonds.

π bonds are _____ than σ bonds because the side-to-side orbital ____ is less _____ than the end-to-end.

_____ bond in a double bond is easier to break than the ______ bond.

rotation about a ____ bond is highly restricted, rotation about a _____ bond is relatively unrestricted.

why is a double bond not twice as strong as a single bond

sp Hybridization

sp Hybridization
(visual)

sp^3d Hybridization

sp^3d Hybridization
(visual)

sp^3d2 Hybridization

sp^3d2 Hybridization
(visual)