Vincent Voltaire
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Psychology Test sobre Chapter 4 - part 2: Our Sense of Sight: The Visual System , creado por Vincent Voltaire el 09/02/2020.

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Chapter 4 - part 2: Our Sense of Sight: The Visual System

Pregunta 1 de 60

1

What aspect of perception is affected by the wavelength of light?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • saturation

  • light purity

  • brightness

  • colour

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 60

1

What affects our perception of the brightness of a colour?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • saturation of light waves

  • purity of light waves

  • amplitude of light waves

  • wavelength of light waves

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 60

1

Jose is wearing a blue shirt, and Evan is wearing a red shirt. What is the difference between the two shirts, in
terms of light waves?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Jose’s reflects higher amplitude light waves than Evan’s.

  • Jose’s reflects shorter light waves than Evan’s.

  • Jose’s reflects longer light waves than Evan’s.

  • Jose’s reflects lower amplitude light waves than Evan’s.

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 60

1

What aspect of visual perception is responsive to differences in the amplitude of light waves?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • colour

  • purity

  • saturation

  • brightness

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 60

1

What aspect of visual perception will change if you change the purity of the light waves?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • saturation

  • colour constancies

  • hue

  • brightness

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 60

1

If your lens is very round, which of the following will you see best?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • close objects

  • distant objects

  • moving objects

  • brightly coloured objects

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 60

1

As people age, the lens of the eye loses its ability to accommodate, and it tends to remain flat instead of
becoming fat and round. What does this suggest about the effects of aging on vision?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • We become less likely to detect differences in light purity.

  • We become more likely to detect differences in brightness and hue.

  • We lose the ability to focus on objects that are close.

  • We lose the ability to focus on objects in the distance.

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 60

1

What is the structure that controls the size of the pupil?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • lens

  • vitreous humour

  • cornea

  • iris

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 60

1

What changes in size, in order to regulate the amount of light that enters the eye?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • cornea

  • pupil

  • retina

  • lens

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 60

1

What happens to the pupil of the eye in bright sunlight?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • It constricts.

  • It flattens.

  • It dilates.

  • It closes.

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 60

1

Isaiah is having his eyes checked. The doctor has put drops in Isaiah’s eyes that will cause the pupils to open
wide. What will happen to Isaiah’s vision as the drops begin to work?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • His vision will start to become quite blurry.

  • He will lose some of his colour vision.

  • His vision will become extremely sharp and clear.

  • Colours will appear to be “super” saturated.

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 60

1

What happens to the pupil of the eye in dim light?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • It is dilated, producing a sharper image.

  • It is dilated, producing an image that is not as sharp.

  • It is constricted, producing an image that is not as sharp.

  • It is constricted, producing a sharper image.

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 60

1

Which of the following processes compensates for sensory adaptation?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • transduction

  • saccades

  • dilation

  • lens accommodation

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 60

1

Where is the optic disk?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • where the visual fields from both eyes merge

  • where the optic nerve exits the retina

  • immediately in front of the lens

  • where most of the rod and cones are located

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 60

1

What is the blind spot in the eye?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • where the optic nerve exits the back of the eye

  • the point at which ganglion cells synapse with bipolar cells

  • the area where only cones are present

  • where photoreceptor cells do not “bleach”

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 60

1

Petra has vision problems because of a syndrome that causes her cones to be faulty. Her rods function normally.
Which of the following aspects of Petra’s vision is likely to be deficient?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • colour vision

  • depth perception

  • vision in low illumination

  • peripheral vision

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 60

1

Imagine that biologists have discovered an animal that has eyes very similar to human eyes, but that the only
receptor cells in the retina are rods; there are no cones. What would you expect about this animal’s vision, based
on what is known about human vision?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • It would be able to detect extremely fine details.

  • It would have poor peripheral vision.

  • It would have poor vision in low illumination.

  • It would have no colour vision.

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 60

1

Imagine that biologists have discovered an animal that has eyes very similar to human eyes, but that the only
receptor cells in the retina are cones; there are no rods. What would you expect about this animal’s vision, based
on what is known about human vision?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • It would have poor peripheral vision.

  • It would have poor visual acuity.

  • It would have excellent vision in dim light.

  • It could not see in colour.

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 60

1

Devin has contracted a very rare eye disease that has caused damage to his rods, but for the most part, his cones
have not been affected. Which of the following aspects of Devin’s vision is likely to be deficient?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • vision in bright illumination

  • peripheral vision

  • colour vision

  • detecting differences in wavelengths of light

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 60

1

Which of the following techniques would allow you to maximize visual acuity at night?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Close one eye.

  • Blink your eyes several times to hasten dark adaptation.

  • Look slightly above or below the object you wish to see.

  • Look directly at the object you wish to see.

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 60

1

Fifteen minutes after Zigfried left the brightly lit hallway and entered the dark passageway, what would you
expect about his dark adaptation?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • It is still taking place in both his rods and his cones.

  • It is complete in his rods, but still taking place in his cones.

  • It is complete in both his rods and cones.

  • It is complete in his cones, but still taking place in his rods.

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 60

1

What does the receptive field of a visual cell refer to?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • the portion of visual cortex that receives information from that cell

  • a cell’s degree of sensitivity or receptivity

  • a range of wavelengths of light the cell reacts to

  • an area of rods and cones that cause the visual cell to fire

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 60

1

When light hits the centre-surround of a receptive field, which of the following will be stimulated?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • the inhibitory synapse to the visual cell

  • the excitatory synapse to the visual cell

  • the optic nerve

  • the optic disc

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 60

1

When light hits the centre of a receptive field, but does not hit the centre-surround, which of the following is most
likely to occur?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The associated visual cell will fire.

  • The associated visual cell will be inhibited.

  • The nearby visual cells will be stimulated.

  • The optic nerve will be inhibited.

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 60

1

When light hits the centre-surround of a receptive field, but does not hit the centre, which of the following is most
likely to occur?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • The associated visual cell will fire.

  • The associated visual cell will be inhibited.

  • The nearby visual cells will be inhibited.

  • The optic nerve will fire.

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 60

1

What is the optic chiasm?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • the portion of the lateral geniculate nucleus that is responsible for coordination of sensory input

  • the point at which the optic nerves cross over one another before projecting to the occipital lobe

  • the portion of the visual cortex responsible for feature detection

  • the gap between the right occipital lobe and the left occipital lobe

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 60

1

If the pathway through your superior colliculus were not functioning correctly, what would be difficult for you to
do?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • perceiving depth

  • integrating visual and auditory information

  • distinguishing colours

  • detecting differences in texture

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 60

1

In which of the following lobes would you find the primary visual cortex?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • frontal

  • occipital

  • temporal

  • parietal

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 60

1

Through which of the following brain areas do visual signals travel just before reaching primary visual cortex?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • frontal lobes

  • optic disc

  • thalamus

  • superior colliculus

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 60

1

Which of the following depicts an accurate pathway for neural signals leaving the retina?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • optic chiasm, optic nerve, occipital lobe, lateral geniculate nucleus

  • optic nerve, optic chiasm, thalamus, primary visual cortex

  • optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus, optic chiasm, occipital lobe

  • optic chiasm, medial geniculate nucleus, primary visual cortex, thalamus

Explicación

Pregunta 31 de 60

1

What are the cells in the visual cortex that respond selectively to specific details of complex stimuli?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • ventral cells

  • centre-surround detectors

  • feature detectors

  • ganglion cells

Explicación

Pregunta 32 de 60

1

What are the cells in the visual cortex that respond to a line of the correct width, oriented at the correct angle,
and located in the correct position in its receptive field?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • ganglion cells

  • binary cells

  • complex cells

  • simple cells

Explicación

Pregunta 33 de 60

1

What do complex cells in the visual cortex respond to?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • specific widths and orientation of lines anywhere in their receptive field

  • different colours in a specific spectrum

  • figure-ground disparity in the visual field

  • discrepancies between the centre and centre-surround in a receptive field

Explicación

Pregunta 34 de 60

1

A microelectrode is recording the activity from a single cell in the visual cortex of a cat. The cell begins to fire
rapidly when a line is presented at a 45-degree angle directly in front of the cat, but stops firing when the line is
shifted to a position that is off to the left. What type of cell is likely being monitored in this case?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • complex cell

  • simple cell

  • cell in the superior colliculus

  • ganglion cell

Explicación

Pregunta 35 de 60

1

A microelectrode is recording the activity from a single cell in the visual cortex of a cat. The cell begins to fire
rapidly when a vertical line sweeps across the visual field to the left, but stops firing when the same line sweeps
back across the visual field to the right. What type of cell is likely being monitored in this case?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • cell in the parvocellular channel

  • simple cell

  • ganglion cell

  • complex cell

Explicación

Pregunta 36 de 60

1

After visual input has been processed in the primary visual cortex, signals are processed further along a number
of pathways. Which of the following types of visual information would be processed in the temporal lobe, along
the ventral stream?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • movement

  • brightness and contours

  • faces

  • complexity and contrast

Explicación

Pregunta 37 de 60

1

After visual input has been processed in the primary visual cortex, signals are processed further along a number
of pathways. Where is information about object recognition processed?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • temporal lobes

  • occipital lobes

  • frontal lobes

  • parietal lobes

Explicación

Pregunta 38 de 60

1

Where does the ventral stream project to after leaving the primary visual cortex?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • basal forebrain

  • cerebellum

  • temporal lobes

  • parietal lobes

Explicación

Pregunta 39 de 60

1

Charley has visual agnosia and is unable to recognize common, everyday objects. Damage to which component
of the visual system does this condition most likely result from?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • ventral stream

  • feature detectors

  • superior colliculus

  • lateral geniculate nucleus

Explicación

Pregunta 40 de 60

1

Which of the following would you be unable to recognize if you had a condition known as prosopagnosia?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • lines with a 45-degree orientation

  • colours

  • movement

  • faces

Explicación

Pregunta 41 de 60

1

In which of the following lobes would you find that brain damage leads to visual agnosia?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • frontal

  • occipital

  • temporal

  • parietal

Explicación

Pregunta 42 de 60

1

You see a delicious-looking doughnut sitting on the counter in front of you, and you guide your hand toward the
doughnut and pop it into your mouth. What do we call the second visual process for guiding your hand?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Hubel vision

  • conscious vision

  • subcortical vision

  • vision for action

Explicación

Pregunta 43 de 60

1

In the case study of “DF,” a woman experienced brain damage as a result of carbonmonoxide
poisoning and lost the ability to recognize the forms of objects. What type of deficit did “DF” have?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • amnesia

  • failure of vision for action

  • dorsal stream damage

  • agnosia

Explicación

Pregunta 44 de 60

1

Which of the following activities would be difficult for you to do if you sustained damage to your dorsal stream?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • say the name of an item that you see

  • choose colours that match

  • recognize your best friend

  • reach out to pick up a cup

Explicación

Pregunta 45 de 60

1

Deanne can see and recognize objects, but she seems to be unable to reach out and grasp them appropriately.
She often knocks over cups and drops pencils because she doesn’t orient her hand to grip them. If this problem
is related to brain damage to the perceptual system, which of the following areas is most likely to be damaged?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • ventral stream

  • dorsal stream

  • primary visual cortex

  • superior colliculus

Explicación

Pregunta 46 de 60

1

While finger painting, Imran mixed yellow paint and blue paint and ended up with green. Which mixing method
did Imran use?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • subtractive colour mixing

  • trichromatic mixing

  • additive colour mixing

  • multiplicative colour mixing

Explicación

Pregunta 47 de 60

1

If you were to shine lights of different colours onto a surface, so that the lights overlap, what type of colour
mixing are you using?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • subtractive

  • opponent processes

  • additive

  • saturation

Explicación

Pregunta 48 de 60

1

If you project a red, a green, and a blue light into space, what colour will be perceived at the point where the
three lights cross?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • grey

  • ultraviolet

  • black

  • white

Explicación

Pregunta 49 de 60

1

If you mix red, green, and blue paint, what colour will you get?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • orange

  • white

  • purple

  • black

Explicación

Pregunta 50 de 60

1

At the musical he attended over the weekend, Andrew noticed that whenever the red and green spotlights
overlapped, they seemed to change to a yellow spotlight. Which principle explains this perception?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • complex feature detection

  • subtractive colour mixing

  • additive colour mixing

  • opponent processing of colours

Explicación

Pregunta 51 de 60

1

Television sets are able to re-create the entire visible spectrum by mixing three primary colours of light. Which
theory of human colour vision is similar to this mechanism?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • opponent process

  • saturation

  • trichromatic

  • complementary colour

Explicación

Pregunta 52 de 60

1

What differs in the visual perception of a human dichromat and a human trichromat?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • colour vision

  • visual acuity

  • dark and light adaptation

  • peripheral vision

Explicación

Pregunta 53 de 60

1

Hering’s opponent process theory suggests that receptors are linked antagonistically in pairs. What are his
opposed pairs?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • red-yellow; blue-green; black-white

  • yellow-green; red-blue; black-white

  • red-green; yellow-blue; black-white

  • red-black; yellow-white; green-blue

Explicación

Pregunta 54 de 60

1

Eli has been wearing green welding goggles for the past 30 minutes. Based on the opponent process theory of
colour vision, what colour will white objects appear to be for a brief time after Eli takes off the green goggles?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • blue

  • yellow

  • orange

  • red

Explicación

Pregunta 55 de 60

1

According to one theory of colour vision, colours are signalled in pairs by neurons that fire faster to one colour
and slower to another colour. What is this theory called?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • trichromatic theory

  • dichromatic theory

  • opponent process theory

  • complementary colour theory

Explicación

Pregunta 56 de 60

1

Denise was momentarily blinded when paparazzi snapped her picture using a blue flash. Following the flash, she
saw spots for several minutes. What colour were the spots, based on the opponent process theory of colour
vision?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • yellow

  • blue

  • red

  • green

Explicación

Pregunta 57 de 60

1

After having your picture taken with a yellow flash, you momentarily see blue spots floating before your eyes.
Which process best explains this phenomenon?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • additive colour mixing

  • trichromatic theory

  • opponent process theory

  • subtractive colour mixing

Explicación

Pregunta 58 de 60

1

Which theory of colour vision is supported by the action of the lateral geniculate nucleus?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • Helmholtz’

  • trichromatic

  • opponent process

  • Weber’s

Explicación

Pregunta 59 de 60

1

Which of the following is the best description of the current view of how colour is coded in the visual system?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • It starts as an opponent process and then switches to a trichromatic process.

  • It starts with rods and then switches to cones.

  • It begins with cones and then switches to rods.

  • It begins with a trichromatic process and then switches to an opponent process.

Explicación

Pregunta 60 de 60

1

Three groups of students completed the same test, but each group’s tests had a different coloured cover. Based
on research results by Andrew Elliot and his colleagues, which group should have the lowest average score on
the test?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

  • the group with black tests

  • the group with red tests

  • the group with green tests

  • the group with white tests

Explicación

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