Melissa Test Questions

What is the First Step required in preparing a computer for forensics investigation?

Which of the following commands shows you the names of all open shared files on a server and
number of file locks on each file?

The Recycle Bin exists as a metaphor for throwing files away, but it also allows user to retrieve
and restore files. Once the file is moved to the recycle bin, a record is added to the log file that
exists in the Recycle Bin.Which of the following files contains records that correspond to each deleted file in the Recycle
Bin?

Email archiving is a systematic approach to save and protect the data contained in emails so that
it can be accessed fast at a later date. There are two main archive types, namely Local Archive
and Server Storage Archive. Which of the following statements is correct while dealing with local
archives?

Which of the following email headers specifies an address for mailer-generated errors, like "no
such user" bounce messages, to go to (instead of the sender's address)?

Which of the following commands shows you all of the network services running on Windowsbased
servers?

Windows Security Accounts Manager (SAM) is a registry file which stores passwords in a hashed
format. SAM file in Windows is located at:

FAT32 is a 32-bit version of FAT file system using smaller clusters and results in efficient storage
capacity. What is the maximum drive size supported?

In which step of the computer forensics investigation methodology would you run MD5 checksum
on the evidence?

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a communication protocol used to
connect different hosts in the Internet. It contains four layers, namely the network interface layer.
Internet layer, transport layer, and application layer. Which of the following protocols works under the transport layer of TCP/IP?

Which of the following statements does not support the case assessment?

Wireless access control attacks aim to penetrate a network by evading WLAN access control
measures, such as AP MAC filters and Wi-Fi port access controls. Which of the following wireless access control attacks allows the attacker to set up a rogue access
point outside the corporate perimeter, and then lure the employees of the organization to connect
to it?

File deletion is a way of removing a file from a computer's file system. What happens when a file is
deleted in windows7?

What is cold boot (hard boot)?

When a file or folder is deleted, the complete path, including the original file name, is stored in a
special hidden file called "INF02" in the Recycled folder. If the INF02 file is deleted, it is re-created
when you___________.

WPA2 provides enterprise and Wi-Fi users with stronger data protection and network access
control which of the following encryption algorithm is used DVWPA2?

What is a bit-stream copy?

Which of the following Steganography techniques allows you to encode information that ensures
creation of cover for secret communication?

Ron. a computer forensics expert, Is Investigating a case involving corporate espionage. He has
recovered several mobile computing devices from the crime scene. One of the evidence that Ron
possesses is a mobile phone from Nokia that was left in on condition. Ron needs to recover the
IMEI number of the device to establish the identity of the device owner. Which of the following key
combinations he can use to recover the IMEI number?

Who is responsible for the following tasks?
Secure the scene and ensure that it is maintained In a secure state until the Forensic Team
advises
Make notes about the scene that will eventually be handed over to the Forensic Team

system with a simple logging mechanism has not been given much attention during
development, this system is now being targeted by attackers, if the attacker wants to perform a
new line injection attack, what will he/she inject into the log file?

Which of the following password cracking techniques works like a dictionary attack, but adds some
numbers and symbols to the words from the dictionary and tries to crack the password?

MAC filtering is a security access control methodology, where a ___________ is assigned to each
network card to determine access to the network

You can interact with the Registry through intermediate programs. Graphical user interface (GUI)
Registry editors such as Regedit.exe or Regedt32 exe are commonly used as intermediate
programs in Windows 7. Which of the following is a root folder of the registry editor?

You have been given the task to investigate web attacks on a Windows-based server.
Which of the following commands will you use to look at which sessions the machine has opened
with other systems?

What is a SCSI (Small Computer System Interface)?

The status of the network interface cards (NICs) connected to a system gives information about
whether the system is connected to a wireless access point and what IP address is being used. which command displays the network configuration of the NICs on the system?

Which Is a Linux journaling file system?

Which of the following steganography types hides the secret message in a specifically designed
pattern on the document that is unclear to the average reader?

Jason, a renowned forensic investigator, is investigating a network attack that resulted in the
compromise of several systems in a reputed multinational's network. He started Wireshark to
capture the network traffic. Upon investigation, he found that the DNS packets travelling across
the network belonged to a non-company configured IP. Which of the following attack Jason can
infer from his findings?

Which table is used to convert huge word lists (i .e. dictionary files and brute-force lists) into
password hashes

Data acquisition system is a combination of tools or processes used to gather, analyze and record
Information about some phenomenon. Different data acquisition system are used depends on the
location, speed, cost. etc. Serial communication data acquisition system is used when the actual
location of the data is at some distance from the computer. Which of the following communication
standard is used in serial communication data acquisition system?

Which of the following statements is incorrect when preserving digital evidence?

Which of the following would you consider an aspect of organizational security, especially focusing
on IT security?

Which of the following approaches checks and compares all the fields systematically and
intentionally for positive and negative correlation with each other to determine the correlation
across one or multiple fields?

Attackers can manipulate variables that reference files with "dot-dot-slash (./)" sequences and
their variations such as http://www.juggyDoy.corn/GET/process.php./././././././././etc/passwd.Identify the attack referred.

The Electronic Serial Number (ESN) is a unique __________ recorded on a secure chip in a
mobile phone by the manufacturer.

First response to an incident may involve three different groups of people, and each will have
differing skills and need to carry out differing tasks based on the incident. Who is responsible for
collecting, preserving, and packaging electronic evidence?

Task list command displays a list of applications and services with their Process ID (PID) for all
tasks running on either a local or a remote computer.
Which of the following task list commands provides information about the listed processes,
including the image name, PID, name, and number of the session for the process?

P0P3 (Post Office Protocol 3) is a standard protocol for receiving email that deletes mail on the
server as soon as the user downloads it. When a message arrives, the POP3 server appends it to
the bottom of the recipient's account file, which can be retrieved by the email client at any
preferred time. Email client connects to the POP3 server at _______________by default to fetch
emails.

Windows Security Event Log contains records of login/logout activity or other security-related
events specified by the system's audit policy. What does event ID 531 in Windows Security Event
Log indicates?

When collecting evidence from the RAM, where do you look for data?

Computer security logs contain information about the events occurring within an organization's
systems and networks. Application and Web server log files are useful in detecting web attacks.
The source, nature, and time of the attack can be determined by _________of the compromised
system.

Deposition enables opposing counsel to preview an expert witness's testimony at trial. Which of
the following deposition is not a standard practice?

Deposition enables opposing counsel to preview an expert witness's testimony at trial. Which of
the following deposition is not a standard practice?

If a file (readme.txt) on a hard disk has a size of 2600 bytes, how many sectors are normally
allocated to this file?

Which one of the following is not a consideration in a forensic readiness planning checklist?

What is a chain of custody?

Computer forensics report provides detailed information on complete computer forensics
investigation process. It should explain how the incident occurred, provide technical details of the
incident and should be clear to understand. Which of the following attributes of a forensics report
can render it inadmissible in a court of law?

Email spoofing refers to:

Which device in a wireless local area network (WLAN) determines the next network point to which
a packet should be forwarded toward its destination?

LBA (Logical Block Address) addresses data by allotting a ___________to each sector of the hard
disk.

Buffer Overflow occurs when an application writes more data to a block of memory, or buffer, than
the buffer is allocated to hold. Buffer overflow attacks allow an attacker to modify the
_______________in order to control the process execution, crash the process and modify internal
variables.

File signature analysis involves collecting information from the __________ of a file to determine
the type and function of the file

When a system is compromised, attackers often try to disable auditing, in Windows 7;
modifications to the audit policy are recorded as entries of Event ID____________.

Which of the following network attacks refers to sending huge volumes of email to an address in
an attempt to overflow the mailbox, or overwhelm the server where the email address is hosted, to
cause a denial-of-service attack?

Which of the following file in Novel GroupWise stores information about user accounts?

Which of the following log injection attacks uses white space padding to create unusual log
entries?

Which of the following is not correct when documenting an electronic crime scene?

Syslog is a client/server protocol standard for forwarding log messages across an IP network.
Syslog uses ___________to transfer log messages in a clear text format

An image is an artifact that reproduces the likeness of some subject. These are produced by
optical devices (i.e. cameras, mirrors, lenses, telescopes, and microscopes).
Which property of the image shows you the number of colors available for each pixel in an image?

Which of the following statements is incorrect related to acquiring electronic evidence at crime
scene?

Depending upon the Jurisdictional areas, different laws apply to different incidents. Which of the
following law is related to fraud and related activity in connection with computers?

Which of the following is not a part of the technical specification of the laboratory-based imaging
system?

Which of the following is not a part of data acquisition forensics Investigation?

Computer security logs contain information about the events occurring within an organization's
systems and networks. Which of the following security logs contains Logs of network and hostbased
security software?

What is the "Best Evidence Rule"?

SIM is a removable component that contains essential information about the subscriber. It has
both volatile and non-volatile memory. The file system of a SIM resides in _____________
memory.

Which of the following passwords are sent over the wire (and wireless) network, or stored on some
media as it is typed without any alteration?

In Windows 7 system files, which file reads the Boot.ini file and loads Ntoskrnl.exe. Bootvid.dll.
Hal.dll, and boot-start device drivers?

Networks are vulnerable to an attack which occurs due to overextension of bandwidth,
bottlenecks, network data interception, etc.
Which of the following network attacks refers to a process in which an attacker changes his or her
IP address so that he or she appears to be someone else?

In an echo data hiding technique, the secret message is embedded into a __________as an echo.

Attacker uses vulnerabilities in the authentication or session management functions such as
exposed accounts, session IDs, logout, password management, timeouts, remember me. secret
question, account update etc. to impersonate users, if a user simply closes the browser without
logging out from sites accessed through a public computer, attacker can use the same browser
later and exploit the user's privileges. Which of the following vulnerability/exploitation is referred
above?

An Internet standard protocol (built on top of TCP/IP) that assures accurate synchronization to the
millisecond of computer clock times in a network of computers. Which of the following statement is
true for NTP Stratum Levels?

Which is not a part of environmental conditions of a forensics lab?

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) is a ___________RGB bitmap Image format for Images with
up to 256 distinct colors per frame

In what circumstances would you conduct searches without a warrant?

Data compression involves encoding the data to take up less storage space and less bandwidth
for transmission. It helps in saving cost and high data manipulation in many business applications.
Which data compression technique maintains data integrity?

First responder is a person who arrives first at the crime scene and accesses the victim's
computer system after the incident. He or She is responsible for protecting, integrating, and
preserving the evidence obtained from the crime scene.
Which of the following is not a role of first responder?

Smith, as a part his forensic investigation assignment, has seized a mobile device. He was asked to recover the Subscriber Identity Module (SIM card) data the mobile device. Smith found that the
SIM was protected by a Personal identification Number (PIN) code but he was also aware that
people generally leave the PIN numbers to the defaults or use easily guessable numbers such as
1234. He unsuccessfully tried three PIN numbers that blocked the SIM card. What Jason can do in
this scenario to reset the PIN and access SIM data

A swap file is a space on a hard disk used as the virtual memory extension of a computer's RAM.
Where is the hidden swap file in Windows located?

Which of the following reports are delivered under oath to a board of directors/managers/panel of
jury?

Dumpster Diving refers to:

if the partition size Is 4 GB, each cluster will be 32 K. Even If a file needs only 10 K, the entire 32
K will be allocated, resulting In 22 K of

Which of the following Wi-Fi chalking methods refers to drawing symbols in public places to
advertise open Wi-Fi networks

Identify the attack from following sequence of actions?
Step 1: A user logs in to a trusted site and creates a new session
Step 2: The trusted site stores a session identifier for the session in a cookie in the web browser
Step 3: The user is tricked to visit a malicious site
Step 4: the malicious site sends a request from the user's browser using his session cookie

Router log files provide detailed Information about the network traffic on the Internet. It gives
information about the attacks to and from the networks. The router stores log files in
the____________.

The Recycle Bin is located on the Windows desktop. When you delete an item from the hard disk,
Windows sends that deleted item to the Recycle Bin and the icon changes to full from empty, but
items deleted from removable media, such as a floppy disk or network drive, are not stored in the
Recycle Bin.
What is the size limit for Recycle Bin in Vista and later versions of the Windows?

Which of the following is not an example of a cyber-crime?

Files stored in the Recycle Bin in its physical location are renamed as Dxy.ext, where, “X”
represents the _________.

Which of the following statement is not correct when dealing with a powered-on computer at the
crime scene?

Tracks numbering on a hard disk begins at 0 from the outer edge and moves towards the center,
typically reaching a value of ___________.

Event correlation is a procedure that is assigned with a new meaning for a set of events that occur
in a predefined interval of time.
Which type of correlation will you use if your organization wants to use different OS and network
hardware platforms throughout the network?

Which root folder (hive) of registry editor contains a vast array of configuration information for the
system, including hardware settings and software settings?

Hard disk data addressing is a method of allotting addresses to each ___________of data on a
hard disk

How do you define forensic computing?

What is the smallest allocation unit of a hard disk?

Which one of the following statements is not correct while preparing for testimony?

Which of the following statements is not a part of securing and evaluating electronic crime scene
checklist

The Apache server saves diagnostic information and error messages that it encounters while
processing requests. The default path of this file is usr/local/apache/logs/error.log in Linux. Identify
the Apache error log from the following logs.

Operating System logs are most beneficial for Identifying or Investigating suspicious activities
involving a particular host. Which of the following Operating System logs contains information
about operational actions performed by OS components

All the Information about the user activity on the network, like details about login and logoff
attempts, is collected in the security log of the computer. When a user's login is successful,
successful audits generate an entry whereas unsuccessful audits generate an entry for failed login
attempts in the logon event ID table.
In the logon event ID table, which event ID entry (number) represents a successful logging on to a
computer?

What is the first step that needs to be carried out to investigate wireless attacks?

Which of the following commands shows you the username and IP address used to access the
system via a remote login session and the Type of client from which they are accessing the
system

Which of the following commands shows you the username and IP address used to access the
system via a remote login session and the Type of client from which they are accessing the
system?

Why is it Important to consider health and safety factors in the work carried out at all stages of the
forensic process conducted by the forensic analysts?

When NTFS Is formatted, the format program assigns the __________ sectors to the boot sectors
and to the bootstrap code

What is the goal of forensic science?

Smith, an employee of a reputed forensic Investigation firm, has been hired by a private
organization to investigate a laptop that is suspected to be involved in hacking of organization DC
server. Smith wants to find all the values typed into the Run box in the Start menu. Which of the
following registry key Smith will check to find the above information?

Shortcuts are the files with the extension .Ink that are created and are accessed by the users.
These files provide you with information about:

When the operating system marks cluster as used, but does not allocate them to any file, such
clusters are known as ___________

Quality of a raster Image is determined by the _________________and the amount of information
in each pixel

What is the first step that needs to be carried out to crack the password?

Which wireless standard has bandwidth up to 54 Mbps and signals in a regulated frequency
spectrum around 5 GHz?

According to US federal rules, to present a testimony in a court of law, an expert witness needs to
furnish certain information to prove his eligibility. Jason, a qualified computer forensic expert who
has started practicing two years back, was denied an expert testimony in a computer crime case
by the US Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit in Richmond, Virginia. Considering the US
federal rules, what could be the most appropriate reason for the court to reject Jason's eligibility as
an expert witness?

Ever-changing advancement or mobile devices increases the complexity of mobile device
examinations. Which or the following is an appropriate action for the mobile forensic investigation?

What is static executable file analysis?

The need for computer forensics is highlighted by an exponential increase in the number of
cybercrimes and litigations where large organizations were involved. Computer forensics plays an
important role in tracking the cyber criminals. The main role of computer forensics is to:

How do you define Technical Steganography?

Which of the following is not a part of disk imaging tool requirements?

A forensic investigator is a person who handles the complete Investigation process, that is, the
preservation, identification, extraction, and documentation of the evidence. The investigator has
many roles and responsibilities relating to the cybercrime analysis. The role of the forensic
investigator is to:

What document does the screenshot represent?

Which of the following standard is based on a legal precedent regarding the admissibility of
scientific examinations or experiments in legal cases?

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a data encryption method for WLANs based on 802.11
standards. Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) enhances WEP by adding a rekeying
mechanism to provide fresh encryption and integrity keys. Temporal keys are changed for
every____________.

Billy, a computer forensics expert, has recovered a large number of DBX files during forensic investigation of a laptop. Which of the following email clients he can use to analyze the DBX files?

Which of the following is the certifying body of forensics labs that investigate criminal cases by
analyzing evidence?

Which of the following attacks allows an attacker to access restricted directories, including
application source code, configuration and critical system files, and to execute commands outside
of the web server's root directory?

Raw data acquisition format creates ____________of a data set or suspect drive.

JPEG is a commonly used method of compressing photographic Images. It uses a compression
algorithm to minimize the size of the natural image, without affecting the quality of the image. The
JPEG lossy algorithm divides the image in separate blocks of____________.

Which of the following attacks allows attacker to acquire access to the communication channels
between the victim and server to extract the information?

Injection flaws are web application vulnerabilities that allow untrusted data to be Interpreted and
executed as part of a command or query. Attackers exploit injection flaws by constructing
malicious commands or queries that result in data loss or corruption, lack of accountability, or
denial of access. Which of the following injection flaws involves the injection of malicious code
through a web application?

What is a first sector ("sector zero") of a hard disk?

Microsoft Security IDs are available in Windows Registry Editor. The path to locate IDs in
Windows 7 is:

Netstat is a tool for collecting Information regarding network connections. It provides a simple view
of TCP and UDP connections, and their state and network traffic statistics.
Which of the following commands shows you the TCP and UDP network connections, listening
ports, and the identifiers?

International Mobile Equipment Identifier (IMEI) is a 15-dlgit number that indicates the
manufacturer, model type, and country of approval for GSM devices. The first eight digits of an
IMEI number that provide information about the model and origin of the mobile device is also
known as:

The IIS log file format is a fixed (cannot be customized) ASCII text-based format. The IIS format
includes basic items, such as client IP address, user name, date and time, service and instance,
server name and IP address, request type, target of operation, etc. Identify the service status code
from the following IIS log.
192.168.100.150, -, 03/6/11, 8:45:30, W3SVC2, SERVER, 172.15.10.30, 4210, 125, 3524, 100, 0,
GET, /dollerlogo.gif,

The evolution of web services and their increasing use in business offers new attack vectors in an
application framework. Web services are based on XML protocols such as web Services Definition
Language (WSDL) for describing the connection points, Universal Description, Discovery, and
Integration (UDDI) for the description and discovery of Web services and Simple Object Access
Protocol (SOAP) for communication between Web services that are vulnerable to various web
application threats. Which of the following layer in web services stack is vulnerable to fault code
leaks?

A mobile operating system is the operating system that operates a mobile device like a mobile
phone, smartphone, PDA, etc. It determines the functions and features available on mobile
devices such as keyboards, applications, email, text messaging, etc. Which of the following mobile
operating systems is free and open source?

Digital evidence validation involves using a hashing algorithm utility to create a binary or
hexadecimal number that represents the uniqueness of a data set, such as a disk drive or file.
Which of the following hash algorithms produces a message digest that is 128 bits long?

An intrusion detection system (IDS) gathers and analyzes information from within a computer or a
network to identify any possible violations of security policy, including unauthorized access, as well
as misuse.
Which of the following intrusion detection systems audit events that occur on a specific host?

Wireless network discovery tools use two different methodologies to detect, monitor and log a
WLAN device (i.e. active scanning and passive scanning). Active scanning methodology involves
____________and waiting for responses from available wireless networks.

Damaged portions of a disk on which no read/Write operation can be performed is known as

BMP (Bitmap) is a standard file format for computers running the Windows operating system. BMP
images can range from black and white (1 bit per pixel) up to 24 bit color (16.7 million colors).
Each bitmap file contains header, the RGBQUAD array, information header, and image data.
Which of the following element specifies the dimensions, compression type, and color format for
the bitmap?