ASTR Review for Final #1 (All 5 Quizzes)

Pregunta 1 de 120

1

Which kind of light travels fastest in a vacuum?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

X-Rays.
Gamma Rays.
Radio waves.
Infrared.
They all travel at the same speed.

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 120

1

What kind of light has wavelengths between those of ultraviolet light and those of gamma waves?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Infrared.
Microwaves.
Radio waves.
X-rays.
Visible light.

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 120

1

How long does it take light from the Sun to reach us?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

63,2000 years.
4.3 years.
8.3 minutes.
8.3 seconds.
4.3 seconds.

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 120

1

The mass of a positron is the same as that of:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

a neutron.
an electron.
a proton.
a neutrino.
a photon.

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 120

1

In the second step of the proton-proton chain sequence of nuclear reactions occuring in the core of the Sun, a 2H nucleus and a 1H nucleus react. What is produced?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A 3^H nucleus.
A 3^He nucleus.
Three 1^H nuclei.
A 3^Li nucleus.
Only energy; they annilihate each other.

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 120

1

Which of the following processes in an atom is called 'excitation'?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

when an atom loses an electron.
when an atom fuses with another atom.
when the nucleus of an atom splits into two or more parts.
when an atom gains a neutron.
when an electron in an atom gains energy and jumps to a higher energy level.

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 120

1

32 degrees Fahrenheit is equal to:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

0 degrees Kelvin.
-273 degrees Kelvin.
-273 degrees Celsius.
273 degrees Celsius.
273 degrees Kelvin.

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 120

1

In equation form, the inverse square law of light states:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

luminosity is proportional to T^4.
brightness is proportional to 1/D^2.
lambda(max) is proportional to 1/T.
parallax is proportional to 1/D.
luminosity is proportional to radius^2.

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 120

1

Which portion of the Sun covers the largest total volume, in kilometers^3?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the corona.
the convective zone.
the radiative zone.
the chromosphere.
the photosphere.

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 120

1

As the frequency of light increases:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the wavelength increases and the energy decreases.
the wavelength decreases and the energy decreases.
the wavelength increases and the energy increases.
the wavelength decreases and the energy increases.
the wavelength increases and the energy remains the same.

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 120

1

When viewed carefully in visible light through a solar telescope, the Sun appears `speckled', with small (about 1000 km wide) variations in brightness covering the whole photosphere. These 'speckles' are the tops of convective cells. These features are called:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Granules.
Cosmological spots.
Isotopes.
Wien's spots.
Sunspots.

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 120

1

The peak of the spectrum of the photosphere of Betelgeuse lies in the:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

ultraviolet.
infrared.
visible.
X-ray.
radio.

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 120

1

What is a watt?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A unit of distance.
A unit of energy.
A unit of energy/time.
A unit of angle.
A sub-atomic particle.

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 120

1

How are the distances to the nearest stars determined?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

From their Doppler shift.
From their parallax.
From Wien's Law.
By detecting neutrinos from them.
Using Convection.

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 120

1

A hot solid (like a burner on a stove) produces:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

a continuous spectrum.
an emission line spectrum.
an absorption line spectrum.
light at a single wavelength.
light at only a few specific wavelengths.

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 120

1

Deuterium is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Anti-matter.
Hydrogen.
Helium.
Positrons.
Particles of light.

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 120

1

A parsec is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

1/3600 of a degree.
3.26 light years.
8.3 light minutes.
The distance from the Earth to the Sun.
The distance from the Earth to the Moon.

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 120

1

The strong force is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the force that keeps electrons bound to their atoms.
another name for the gravitational force.
the force that is involved whenever an atom is ionized.
the force that keeps the nuclei of atoms together.
the force that keeps the Earth in orbit around the Sun.

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 120

1

Kinetic energy is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

energy carried by light.
energy produced when an electron and a positron collide.
energy of motion.
energy stored for future use.
all of the above.

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 120

1

Why does it take so long for the energy produced in the core of the Sun to make its way out of the Sun?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

The convective cells in the convective layer move very slowly, transporting the energy very slowly.
The speed of light is very low in the interior of the Sun because of the strong gravity.
Photons do not travel very far without being absorbed, and when they are re-emitted, it is in a random direction.
Millions of small black holes throughout the Sun trap the energy.
The nuclear reactions in the core produce mostly radio waves, which travel very slowly.

Explicación

Pregunta 21 de 120

1

A tenth magnitude star is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

2.5 times fainter than an eleventh magnitude star.
2.5 times brighter than an eleventh magnitude star.
ten times fainter than an eleventh magnitude star.
ten times brighter than an eleventh magnitude star.
100 times brighter than an eleventh magnitude star.

Explicación

Pregunta 22 de 120

1

Luminosity Class III stars are classified as:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Supergiant stars.
White dwarf stars.
Main sequence stars.
Giant stars.
Either giant or supergiant, depending upon the spectral class.

Explicación

Pregunta 23 de 120

1

Which of the following spectral types of stars has the hottest photospheric temperature?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A.
B.
F.
K.
O.

Explicación

Pregunta 24 de 120

1

Which of the following spectral types of stars has the strongest lines from ionized helium?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A.
K.
G.
M.
O.

Explicación

Pregunta 25 de 120

1

What is Henry Norris Russell known for?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Pioneering the use of plots of luminosity vs. temperature for stars.
Re-organizing the spectral sequence ABCDEF... to the sequence used today.
Determining that the acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to its mass.
Determining that the gravitational force between two objects is inversely proportional to the square of the distance apart.
Determining that stars are made up of mostly hydrogen and helium.

Explicación

Pregunta 26 de 120

1

Spectral type A stars:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

have very strong spectral lines of Titanium Oxide (TiO).
have very low B-V values (-0.3), compared to most stars.
have stronger hydrogen lines than all other types of stars.
have stronger lines of ionized helium than all other types of stars.
have surface temperatures of about 30,000K.

Explicación

Pregunta 27 de 120

1

Which of the following is NOT a main sequence star?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A M2V star.
A M5I star.
A B2V star.
The Sun.
A star fusing hydrogen to helium in its core.

Explicación

Pregunta 28 de 120

1

If a star is too far away to get its distance via stellar parallax, what is another method that can sometimes be used?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Measure its proper motion.
Measure its Doppler shift.
Spectroscopic parallax.
Use Wien's Law.
Search for sunspots on the star.

Explicación

Pregunta 29 de 120

1

Solar maximum occurs approximately every:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

5 minutes.
25 hours.
11 years.
250 years.
25,000 years.

Explicación

Pregunta 30 de 120

1

The magnetic polarity of the Sun switches approximately every:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

5-10 minutes.
1 - 100 days.
6 months.
11 years.
26,000 years.

Explicación

Pregunta 31 de 120

1

Newton's Second Law, in mathematical form, states:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

F = MA.
lambda(max) is proportional to 1/T.
the angular size is inversely proportional to the distance.
Fv1 = Fv2.
p is proportional to 1/D

Explicación

Pregunta 32 de 120

1

When the Moon moves directly in front of the Sun, but the Moon's angular size is too small to completely block the photosphere of the Sun, the eclipse that is produced is called:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A lunar eclipse.
A coronal eclipse.
A spicular eclipse.
A magnetodynamical eclipse.
An annular eclipse.

Explicación

Pregunta 33 de 120

1

The Earth is 81 times more massive than the Moon. How does the gravitational force on the Earth due to the Moon compare with the gravitational force on the Moon due to the Earth?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the gravitational force on the Earth due to the Moon is 81 times smaller.
the gravitational force on the Earth due to the Moon is 812 = 6561 times smaller.
the gravitational force on the Earth due to the Moon is square root of 81 = 9 times smaller.
the gravitational force on the Earth due to the Moon is 81 times larger.
the two forces are the same.

Explicación

Pregunta 34 de 120

1

An astronaut on the International Space Station orbiting Earth:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

has a mass of 0 kg.
has a constant velocity.
is not accelerating.
is constantly accelerating.
has a mass equal to 1/6th of his/her mass on Earth.

Explicación

Pregunta 35 de 120

1

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation can be written mathematically as:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

F = GMv1Mv2/R^2
F = GMv1/Mv2R^2
F = GMv1Mv2/R
F = GMv1Mv2R^2
F = Mv1Mv2/GR^2

Explicación

Pregunta 36 de 120

1

Gas in which component of the Sun has a typical temperature of about a million degrees Kelvin?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

The core.
The photosphere.
Sunspots.
The chromosphere.
The corona.

Explicación

Pregunta 37 de 120

1

How long does an individual sunspot last?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

5 - 10 minutes.
1 - 100 days.
11 years.
22 years.
more than four hundred years. We still see the same sunspots that Galileo saw.

Explicación

Pregunta 38 de 120

1

Which of the following stars has the highest B - V?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A main sequence O star.
A white dwarf.
The Sun.
An A2V star.
Betelgeuse.

Explicación

Pregunta 39 de 120

1

Which type of star has temperatures between M stars and G stars?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

F.
A.
B.
O.
K.

Explicación

Pregunta 40 de 120

1

Which type of star has the largest radius?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

G2V.
M2I.
M2III.
M2V.
K2V.

Explicación

Pregunta 41 de 120

1

A white dwarf is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the burnt-out core of a star like the Sun, after the outer layers of the star have blown off and dispersed into interstellar space.
a main sequence M star.
an object with a mass between 0.08 and 0.013 solar masses, that never became a star.
an extrasolar planet.
another name for a brown dwarf.

Explicación

Pregunta 42 de 120

1

The Pleiades open cluster contains many B stars. Blue glowing nebulae surround the stars in this cluster. These are called:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

HII Regions.
Reflection Nebulae.
Supernova Remnants.
Planetary Nebulae.
Protostars.

Explicación

Pregunta 43 de 120

1

The Pisgah Radio Telescope detects a strong 21 cm emission line from interstellar gas clouds. What produces this line?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Atomic hydrogen gas.
Molecular hydrogen.
Carbon monoxide.
interstellar dust.
Ionized helium.

Explicación

Pregunta 44 de 120

1

Planetary nebulae are a type of interstellar cloud. What type?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Molecular clouds.
Ionized clouds.
Atomic hydrogen clouds.
The remnants of the explosions of supernovae.
Dark clouds.

Explicación

Pregunta 45 de 120

1

The light curve of a star is a plot of what property of the star vs. time?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

proper motion vs. time.
position vs. time.
velocity vs. time.
brightness vs. time.
angular size vs. time.

Explicación

Pregunta 46 de 120

1

The thermal spectrum (blackbody spectrum) of an interstellar dust grain peaks:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

in the ultraviolet.
in the far-infrared.
in the middle of the visible range.
in the X-ray.
at 21 cm.

Explicación

Pregunta 47 de 120

1

The strong red emission line from hydrogen called the H-alpha line is strongest from what kind of interstellar clouds?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

molecular clouds.
HI clouds.
HII regions.
dark clouds.
reflection nebulae.

Explicación

Pregunta 48 de 120

1

When two stars in a binary system are both clearly seen from Earth as individual stars, and their orbital motion can be measured to confirm that they are gravitationally bound together, the pair is called a/an:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Astrometric binary.
Visual binary.
Spectroscopic binary.
Optical double.
Eclipsing binary.

Explicación

Pregunta 49 de 120

1

What happens to the observed color of a star when it is behind an interstellar cloud?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

It appears bluer than it really is.
It appears redder than it really is.
Its color does not change; it gets dimmer the same amount at all wavelengths.
The optical color doesn't change, but all of the IR light from the star is absorbed by the cloud.
The red and blue light gets dimmed similar amounts, while the yellow light is not affected by the cloud.

Explicación

Pregunta 50 de 120

1

Which of the following kinds of interstellar clouds are the hottest?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

HII regions.
Molecular clouds.
Atomic clouds.
Reflection nebulae.
Dark clouds.

Explicación

Pregunta 51 de 120

1

Which type of main sequence star has the lowest mass?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A stars.
B stars.
F stars.
G stars.
M stars.

Explicación

Pregunta 52 de 120

1

In class, we did a demonstration in which a person sat on a stool and spun around. When he pulled in his arms, he spun faster. The reason this happens is because of:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

mass conservation.
energy conservation.
linear momentum conservation.
angular momentum conservation.
the center of mass relation.

Explicación

Pregunta 53 de 120

1

What is the best type of telescope to use if you want to discover previously-unknown protostars?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

X-ray.
Ultraviolet.
Visible light.
Infrared.
Gamma ray.

Explicación

Pregunta 54 de 120

1

The star Algol in Perseus (`The Ghoul' or `The Demon Star') was well-known to ancient astronomers, because of its peculiar nature. What unusual observational effect did ancient astronomers notice about this star?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

its large proper motion.
its large parallax.
a regular back-and-forth motion on the sky, indicating a companion.
every few days, it gets much brighter for a short period.
every few days, it gets much dimmer for a short period.

Explicación

Pregunta 55 de 120

1

What is the difference between a planet like Jupiter and a brown dwarf?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

there is no difference: Jupiter is an example of a brown dwarf.
a brown dwarf is the burned-out core of a star that has run out of nuclear fuel.
a brown dwarf is a low luminosity main sequence star.
a brown dwarf may have 1H fusion going on in its core; Jupiter does not.
a brown dwarf may have 2H fusion going on in its core; Jupiter does not.

Explicación

Pregunta 56 de 120

1

The dark cloud shaped like a horse's head, that is known as the Horsehead Nebula, is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A reflection nebula.
An HI cloud.
A molecular cloud.
An HII region.
An ionized gas cloud.

Explicación

Pregunta 57 de 120

1

Compared to an unobscured GV star, a GV star that lies behind an interstellar cloud will appear:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

more redshifted.
bluer.
redder.
hotter.
more luminous.

Explicación

Pregunta 58 de 120

1

What luminosity class stars approximately obey the mass-luminosity relation described by the formula luminosity is proportional to mass to the fourth power?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.

Explicación

Pregunta 59 de 120

1

Millimeter (microwave) telescopes detect the 2.6 millimeter emission lines from dense interstellar gas clouds. What produces this line?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Atomic hydrogen gas.
Molecular hydrogen.
Carbon monoxide.
interstellar dust.
Ionized helium.

Explicación

Pregunta 60 de 120

1

When an interstellar cloud gravitationally collapses to form a protostar, what happens to the temperature of the gas in the core of the cloud?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

it remains constant until nuclear fusion starts, then it increases.
the temperature of the gas in the core decreases as the cloud collapses until nuclear fusion starts, then it increases.
the temperature of the gas in the core increases as the cloud collapses, even before nuclear fusion starts, then it increases further.
the temperature of the gas in the core decreases as the cloud collapses until nuclear fusion starts, then it decreases further as fusion cools the core down.
no protostars have ever been found, so scientists have no idea what happens.

Explicación

Pregunta 61 de 120

1

In high mass main sequence stars, hydrogen is fusing to helium in the core. What is name of the main set of reactions by which this process occurs?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

The proton-proton chain.
The CNO cycle.
The triple alpha process.
The brown dwarf process.
The asymptotic giant branch process.

Explicación

Pregunta 62 de 120

1

If a white dwarf in a mass transfer binary system exceeds the Chandrasekhar limit, it becomes:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A nova.
A Type I supernova (a carbon-detonation supernova).
A Type II supernova (a core-collapse supernova).
A planetary nebula.
A black hole.

Explicación

Pregunta 63 de 120

1

Who discovered the first pulsar?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Annie Jump Cannon.
Henry Norris Russell.
Jocelyn Bell.
Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin.
Ejnar Hertzsprung.

Explicación

Pregunta 64 de 120

1

Three solar masses is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

The upper mass limit to the mass of a neutron star.
The upper mass limit to the mass of a white dwarf.
The upper mass limit to the mass of a brown dwarf.
The approximate mass of a main sequence M star.
The approximate mass of a main sequence O star.

Explicación

Pregunta 65 de 120

1

Which of the following objects is closest in diameter to the Earth?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A main sequence M star.
A main sequence O star.
A neutron star.
A white dwarf.
Betelgeuse.

Explicación

Pregunta 66 de 120

1

The very regular `pulses' of radio light we see from some neutron stars are due to:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

the star pulsating in size.
a companion dumping gas onto the neutron star, causing flare-ups of nuclear reactions.
a companion periodically eclipsing the neutron star.
as the pulsar spins, a beam of light from the magnetic poles of the neutron star sweeps across the Earth.
an extragalactic civilization.

Explicación

Pregunta 67 de 120

1

When a 1 solar mass star leaves the main sequence and moves up the red giant branch of the H-R diagram for the first time, what is occuring in the interior of the star?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

no nuclear reactions are occuring anywhere in its interior.
hydrogen fusion in the core.
helium fusion in the core.
carbon fusion in the core.
no reactions in the core; hydrogen fusion in a shell surrounding the core.

Explicación

Pregunta 68 de 120

1

Why doesn't a white dwarf contract under the force of its own gravity?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Because carbon fusion is occuring in its core.
Because the CNO process is occuring in its core.
Because the triple alpha process is occuring in its core.
it is held up against gravity by electron degeneracy pressure.
it is held up against gravity by neutron degeneracy pressure.

Explicación

Pregunta 69 de 120

1

Which of the following statements is true about the lifetimes of main sequence stars?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Lower luminosity main sequence stars live longer than higher luminosity main sequence stars.
Main sequence A stars live longer than main sequence K stars.
Hot main sequence stars live longer than cool main sequence stars.
The greater the mass of a star, the longer its main sequence lifetime.
All main sequence A stars ever formed are still main sequence A stars.

Explicación

Pregunta 70 de 120

1

Approximately how many years from now will the Sun runs out of hydrogen in its core?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

1 million years.
5 million years.
5 billion years.
5 trillion years.
five hundred trillion years.

Explicación

Pregunta 71 de 120

1

A particular star cluster is observed to have a full main sequence, extending from MV stars to OV stars. Approximately how old is this cluster?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Less than a few million years old.
100 million years old.
1 billion years old.
10 billion years old.
1 trillion years old.

Explicación

Pregunta 72 de 120

1

Iron is produced:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

In the core of main sequence stars.
In the cores of red giant stars.
In white dwarf stars.
In the last stages of life of a 1 solar mass star.
In the cores of massive stars, just before a supernova.

Explicación

Pregunta 73 de 120

1

What is the heaviest chemical element that will ever be created in large amounts in the core of the Sun?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Iron.
Uranium.
Silicon.
Titanium.
Carbon.

Explicación

Pregunta 74 de 120

1

From lowest mass to highest mass, what is the correct order of the following objects or types of objects?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Neutron stars, brown dwarfs, MV stars, the Sun.
Brown dwarfs, MV stars, the Sun, Neutron stars.
Brown dwarfs, neutron stars, MV stars, the Sun.
The Sun, brown dwarfs, neutron stars, MV stars.
Brown dwarfs, the Sun, neutron stars, MV stars.

Explicación

Pregunta 75 de 120

1

The triple alpha process is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Another name for the proton-proton chain.
The process that produces uranium and other high mass elements.
When three helium-4 nuclei fuse to form carbon.
The formation of neutrons out of protons and electrons.
When three stars combine to form a more massive star.

Explicación

Pregunta 76 de 120

1

Synchrotron radiation is produced by:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

a hot sold object, like the filament in a light bulb.
electrons in atoms jumping from lower energy levels to higher energy levels.
electrons in atoms jumping from higher energy levels to lower energy levels.
only supernova.
accelerated charged particles.

Explicación

Pregunta 77 de 120

1

Which of the following chemical elements is only produced during a supernova explosion?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Plutonium.
Silicon.
Iron.
Magnesium.
Oxygen.

Explicación

Pregunta 78 de 120

1

Which of the following stars will likely eventually explode as a supernova?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

The Sun.
The MV star Proxima Cen.
Betelgeuse.
A 0.5 solar mass AGB star.
All of the above.

Explicación

Pregunta 79 de 120

1

Over the course of its lifetime, the Sun will go through all of the following stages except one. Which is the exception?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

white dwarf.
AGB star.
neutron star.
horizontal branch star.
red giant.

Explicación

Pregunta 80 de 120

1

Approximately how frequently does a supernova occur in the Milky Way Galaxy?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

once every million years.
once every 200 years.
once per year.
about 100 supernova occur in the Milky Way per year.
about a million supernova occur in the Milky Way per year.

Explicación

Pregunta 81 de 120

1

On the Hubble Tuning Fork diagram, galaxies that sit between the ellipticals and the spiral galaxies are called:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Irregular galaxies.
S0 galaxies.
Sc galaxies.
Sb galaxies.
SBd galaxies.

Explicación

Pregunta 82 de 120

1

Most of the following types of objects are mainly found in the disk of the Milky Way. Which of the following is the exception, also being seen regularly in the bulge and halo?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

open clusters.
HII regions.
SN Type II.
O and B main sequence stars.
planetary nebulae.

Explicación

Pregunta 83 de 120

1

What is the mass of a photon of light?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

1/2000th the mass of a proton.
1/2000th the mass of an electron.
It depends upon the wavelength: the longer the wavelength, the larger the mass.
It depends upon the wavelength: the longer the wavelength, the smaller the mass.
Zero.

Explicación

Pregunta 84 de 120

1

The Schwarzchild Radius is defined as:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

The radius of the stellar disk of the Milky Way.
The point between two stars in a binary star system such that the gravitational force from the two stars is equal.
The maximum possible radius of a white dwarf.
The maximum possible radius of a neutron star.
The radius of the event horizon of a black hole.

Explicación

Pregunta 85 de 120

1

What is the main difference between E0 and E7 galaxies?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

E0 galaxies are much larger, in physical diameter.
E7 galaxies are flatter in appearance, while E0 galaxies are round.
E7 galaxies have spiral arms; E0 galaxies do not.
E0 galaxies have bars in the center; E7 galaxies do not.
E0 galaxies have tightly wrapped spiral arms; E7 galaxies have loosely wrapped spiral arms.

Explicación

Pregunta 86 de 120

1

An SBc galaxy:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

has a large bulge and tightly wrapped spiral arms.
has a large bulge and loosely wrapped spiral arms.
has a large bulge and a bar.
has a small bulge and a bar.
is a spheroidal ball of stars which is approximately round in appearance on the sky.

Explicación

Pregunta 87 de 120

1

Who was the first person to classify spiral and elliptical galaxies into sub-types according to their appearance?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Edwin Hubble.
Henrietta Leavitt.
Harlow Shapley.
William Herschel.
Robert Trumpler.

Explicación

Pregunta 88 de 120

1

Who was the first person to conclude that the Sun is NOT in the center of the Milky Way?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Henrietta Leavitt.
Harlow Shapley.
Edwin Hubble.
William Herschel.
Robert Trumpler.

Explicación

Pregunta 89 de 120

1

Henrietta Leavitt discovered:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Diffuse interstellar dust in the Milky Way.
Sagittarius A*.
The Cepheid Period-Luminosity Relation.
Cepheid Variables in the Andromeda Galaxy.
The first pulsar.

Explicación

Pregunta 90 de 120

1

On the H-R Diagram, Cepheid Variables sit:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

On the bottom of the Main Sequence.
On the top of the Main Sequence.
Below and to the left of the Main Sequence.
On the far right: they are M stars.
Near the middle of the diagram, above the Main Sequence.

Explicación

Pregunta 91 de 120

1

In the Milky Way, most of the interstellar gas is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

In the spiral arms.
In the bulge.
In the halo.
In the disk.
Evenly spread between the bulge, the disk, and the halo.

Explicación

Pregunta 92 de 120

1

What object lies in the center of the Milky Way galaxy?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Cygnus X-1.
delta Cephei.
The Sun.
Sirius.
Sagittarius A*.

Explicación

Pregunta 93 de 120

1

The first conclusive evidence that light is affected by gravity was obtained:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

About three years ago, at the CERN laboratory in Switzerland.
In 1919, during a total solar eclipse.
In the 1960's, with a radio telescope.
About 10 years ago, with the Hubble Telescope.
No evidence has been found yet; it has just been theorized.

Explicación

Pregunta 94 de 120

1

In the Milky Way, open clusters are found:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Mainly in the disk.
Mainly in the bulge.
Mainly in the halo.
Evenly spread in the disk, bulge, and halo.
In both the bulge and halo, but usually not the disk.

Explicación

Pregunta 95 de 120

1

William Herschel:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Discovered Cepheid variables in the Andromeda Galaxy.
Discovered the Period-Luminosity relation for Cepheid variable stars.
Made the first 3-dimensional map of the Milky Way.
Classified galaxies according to the bulge/disk ratio and the tightness of wrapping of the spiral arms.
Was the first person to conclude that the Sun is not in the center of the Milky Way.

Explicación

Pregunta 96 de 120

1

By tradition, plots of the circular orbital velocities of stars and gas in the disks of spiral galaxies vs. the distance from the center are called:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Spin diagrams.
Hubble diagrams.
Rotation curves.
Light curves.
Tidal diagrams.

Explicación

Pregunta 97 de 120

1

RR Lyrae stars are:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Brown dwarfs.
White dwarfs.
Variable stars.
Eclipsing binary stars.
Protostars.

Explicación

Pregunta 98 de 120

1

What did Friedrich Bessel detect for the first time in 1838?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Brown dwarfs.
Cepheid variables in the Andromeda Galaxy.
An eclipsing binary star.
A pulsar.
Stellar parallax.

Explicación

Pregunta 99 de 120

1

Cygnus X-1 is most likely:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

An eclipsing binary star.
A Cepheid variable star.
A neutron star.
A black hole.
An RR Lyrae star.

Explicación

Pregunta 100 de 120

1

A black hole with the same mass as Jupiter has an event horizon with a radius of about 3 meters. The Sun has a mass about 1000 times that of Jupiter. Therefore, the radius of the event horizon of a 1 solar mass black hole is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

3 kilometers.
3 centimeters.
3^3 = 27 meters.
3 million meters = 3000 kilometers.
1/3 meter.

Explicación

Pregunta 101 de 120

1

What is the second-to-top step on the Cosmological Distance Ladder?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Hubble's Law.
Supernovae Type I.
Cepheid Variables.
Spectroscopic Parallax.
Stellar Parallax.

Explicación

Pregunta 102 de 120

1

The Local Group is in the center of:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

The Coma Cluster.
The Great Wall.
The Virgo Cluster.
The Local Supercluster.
None of the above.

Explicación

Pregunta 103 de 120

1

The Magellanic Clouds are in the:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Virgo Cluster.
The Great Wall.
The Coma Cluster.
The Local Group.
The Milky Way.

Explicación

Pregunta 104 de 120

1

Double-Lobed Radio Galaxies are mostly:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Giant Elliptical galaxies.
Spiral galaxies.
Barred spiral galaxies.
Both barred and unbarred spiral galaxies.
Irregular galaxies.

Explicación

Pregunta 105 de 120

1

Quasars are:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Only found in the Milky Way.
Only found in the Local Group.
Only found in the Local Supercluster.
Similar in luminosity to Sagittarius A*.
Less frequent in the present than in the past.

Explicación

Pregunta 106 de 120

1

The Sun was first detected in the radio by:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Karl Jansky.
Edwin Hubble.
Jocelyn Bell.
Allan Sandage.
Radar operators in World War II.

Explicación

Pregunta 107 de 120

1

Hubble's constant is approximately 75 (km/s)/Mpc. If a galaxy is moving away from us at a speed of 7500 km/s, what is its approximate distance?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

7500 X 75 = 562,500 Mpc.
75/7500 = 0.01 Mpc.
7500 / 75 = 100 Mpc.
7500 X 75 X 75 = 42,188,000 Mpc
7500 / 752 = 1.33 Mpc.

Explicación

Pregunta 108 de 120

1

Hubble's Law is a useful way to determine astronomical distances, but only for some objects. For which of these objects would it work to get an approximate distance?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A globular cluster in the halo of the Milky Way.
The stars in the belt of Orion.
Sagittarius A*.
The Andromeda Galaxy.
The Great Wall.

Explicación

Pregunta 109 de 120

1

The emission lines seen in the optical spectra of quasars were initially unidentified. Who first identified these lines, and showed that they are just lines of ordinary elements, but very redshifted?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Edwin Hubble.
Jocelyn Bell.
Maarten Schmidt.
Harlow Shapley.
Allan Sandage.

Explicación

Pregunta 110 de 120

1

The Cartwheel galaxy is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

a giant elliptical galaxy in the center of the Coma cluster.
a spiral galaxy very similar to the Milky Way.
a dwarf irregular galaxy in orbit around the Milky Way.
a ring galaxy.
a dwarf elliptical galaxy in the Local Group.

Explicación

Pregunta 111 de 120

1

A Universe that will collapse back upon itself in a `Big Crunch' is called a/an:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Flat Universe.
Closed Universe.
Open Universe.
Infinite Universe.
Universe with a density equal to the the critical density.

Explicación

Pregunta 112 de 120

1

The Cosmological Constant was initially introduced into the equations governing the evolution of the Universe by:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Edwin Hubble.
Henrietta Leavitt.
Harlow Shapley.
Albert Einstein.
Allan Sandage.

Explicación

Pregunta 113 de 120

1

Which of the following objects is the most luminous?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A quasar.
A Cepheid variable star.
Sagittarius A*.
The nucleus of a Seyfert galaxy.
A pulsar.

Explicación

Pregunta 114 de 120

1

The Zone of Avoidance is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

A large spherical 'void' containing very few galaxies, as seen in 'slice of the Universe' plots.
The large volume of nearby space which does not contain any quasars.
The plane of the Milky Way, whose dust blocks light from distant galaxies.
All parts of the Universe outside of the Local Supercluster.
Parts of the Universe too far away for us to see, since light has not had time yet to reach us.

Explicación

Pregunta 115 de 120

1

Observations of Supernovae Type I in very distant galaxies provided the first evidence for:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Dark Energy.
Dark Matter.
A closed Universe.
The theory that the Universe will end in a `Big Crunch'.
The Great Wall.

Explicación

Pregunta 116 de 120

1

16. The diagram to the right is a plot of time (on the x axis) vs. the distance between any two galaxies in the Universe (on the y axis) for three different Universes: Universe A, Universe B, and Universe C. Which of the three Universes in the above diagram has the highest density of matter?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Universe A.
Universe B.
Universe C.
Universe A and B are the same.
All three Universes are the same.

Explicación

Pregunta 117 de 120

1

What is the top step on the Cosmological Distance Ladder?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Hubble's Law.
Supernovae Type I.
Cepheid Variables.
Spectroscopic Parallax.
Stellar Parallax.

Explicación

Pregunta 118 de 120

1

The difference between a double-lobed radio galaxy and a core-halo radio galaxy is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Double-lobed radio galaxies are ellipticals; core-halo radio galaxies are spirals.
Double-lobed radio galaxies are spirals; core-halo radio galaxies are ellipticals.
Double-lobed radio galaxies are much more luminous than core-halo radio galaxies.
Double-lobed radio galaxies are much less luminous than core-halo radio galaxies.
The difference is just due to our viewing location; physically, they are the same kind of objects.

Explicación

Pregunta 119 de 120

1

The Great Wall is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Another name for the Local Supercluster.
A large 'wall' of galaxies centered on the Local Group.
A large `wall' of galaxies about 100 Mpc away, containing the Coma cluster.
The part of the Universe hidden in visible light by the dust in the plane of the Milky Way.
The group of galaxies we live in.

Explicación

Pregunta 120 de 120

1

What kind of galaxies are NOT found in the Local Group, but ARE seen in the Virgo Cluster?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

dwarf ellipticals.
giant ellipticals.
spiral galaxies.
irregular galaxies.
all of the above are seen in both the Local Group and the Virgo Cluster.

	Creado por Taylor Campbell hace más de 11 años

Test sobre ASTR Review for Final #1 (All 5 Quizzes), creado por Taylor Campbell el 24/04/2015.

ASTR Review for Final #1 (All 5 Quizzes)

ASTR Review for Final #1 (All 5 Quizzes)

Pregunta 1 de 120

Which kind of light travels fastest in a vacuum?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 120

What kind of light has wavelengths between those of ultraviolet light and those of gamma waves?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 120

How long does it take light from the Sun to reach us?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 120

The mass of a positron is the same as that of:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 120

In the second step of the proton-proton chain sequence of nuclear reactions occuring in the core of the Sun, a 2H nucleus and a 1H nucleus react. What is produced?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 120

Which of the following processes in an atom is called 'excitation'?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 120

32 degrees Fahrenheit is equal to:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 120

In equation form, the inverse square law of light states:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 120

Which portion of the Sun covers the largest total volume, in kilometers^3?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 120

As the frequency of light increases:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 120

When viewed carefully in visible light through a solar telescope, the Sun appears `speckled', with small (about 1000 km wide) variations in brightness covering the whole photosphere. These 'speckles' are the tops of convective cells. These features are called:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 120

The peak of the spectrum of the photosphere of Betelgeuse lies in the:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 120

What is a watt?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 120

How are the distances to the nearest stars determined?

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 120

A hot solid (like a burner on a stove) produces:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 16 de 120

Deuterium is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 17 de 120

A parsec is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 18 de 120

The strong force is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 19 de 120

Kinetic energy is:

Selecciona una de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 20 de 120