Respiration is a ----- reaction

What is the word equation for respiration?

Glucose and oxygen are the (reactants/products) as Carbon dioxide and water are the (reactants/products).

There are 2 different types of respiration. What are they?

Describe both types of respiration

Which type of respiration is less efficient? How much energy does it release in comparison to the other?

For humans, write the word equation for anaerobic respiration

To have a healthy diet, you need 5 nutrients as well as fibre & water.
Name the 5 nutrients.

In what kinds of food can you find lipids and carbs?

The amount of energy you need each day depends on what?

the extra energy that you take in from you diet (more food than you need) will be stored in your body as ___

What can obesity lead to?

What are the 2 different steps to breaking down food?

What is mechanical digestion?

What is chemical digestion?

What are the 8 different parts of our body that make up the digestive system (alimentary canal)?
Name them in order

Which enzyme is contained in saliva and what does it do?

Which enzyme is found in the stomach and what does it do?

Which enzyme is found in the liver and what does it do?

Which enzymes does the pancreas make and what do each of them do?

What happens in the large intestine?

What happens in the small intestine?

What do enzymes do?

Where are the 'villi' in your body and what do they do?

Give 3 physical features that villi has

True of false:
We have a lot of bacteria in the gut which is not good for us.

What/How does natural bacteria in our gut produce/help us

What are your lungs protected by?

What is the diaphragm and what does it do?

The air we breathe in goes through the -----. This splits into to parts called the -----.

The bronchi split into smaller tubes called -----, they end at smaller air sacs in the lungs called -----. This is where gas exchange takes place

In the alveoli, how does gas exchange occur?

Where does the oxygen that got inhaled, and passed into the bloodstream by the alveoli, go next?

From the bloodstream, ----- is passed out to the cells, and ----- is passed from the cells into the bloodstream.

When gases (O2, CO2) pass in and out of our bloodstream, this process is called -----

What happens in diffusion?

Give 3 reasons why our lungs are well adapted for gas exchange

When you breathe in, your diaphragm moves up or down?

Name two things that can affect your gas exchange system

Most cells in your body have a nucleus. The nucleus contains -----. They are molecules made up of your DNA

Human body cells have -- chromosomes, (-- pairs) but sperm and egg cells on carry -- chromosomes

The process by which genes are passed down from parents to their offspring is called -----

Who were the first 2 scientists to build a model DNA? In what year?

The variation within a species basically have the same genes. Any difference that you can see is called a ----- -----

What are two different types of variation?

Describe each type of variation and give two examples

Use these four words to complete the sentence below: (melts, freezes, boils, condenses)

A gas ----- to become a liquid.
A liquid ----- to become a solid.
A solid ---- to become a liquid.
A liquid ----- to become a gas.

On a graph, when heating and cooling, what happens when the line is flat?

What is everything made up of?

What's an element?

What is it called when you have two or more atoms?

How are compounds formed?

The atoms are ----- in a compound, but ----- in a mixture

The periodic table lists all the -----

Who was the first person who invented the periodic table?

When two different elements combine, the end of the new name is usually "---"
When three or more different elements combine (and one of them is oxygen), the end of the new name is usually "---"

If two identical elements combine, does the name change?

What's a pure substance?

A pure substance can't be separated into anything simpler without a ----- reaction

Mixtures are not ----- joined up - therefore you can ---- them very easily using physical methods

What do these 7 important words mean?
-- solute
-- solvent
-- solution
-- soluble
-- insoluble
-- saturated
--solubility

Answer the question:
20g of salt + 100g of water
= ___g solution

Solubility increases with -----

Name 4 ways in which mixtures can be separated

Give 5 statements about metals

Give 5 statements about Non-metals

TRUE or FALSE:
Before and after a chemical reaction, no mass is lost or gained

TRUE or FALSE:
During a chemical reaction, new atoms are created

Name two examples of chemical reactions

What is combustion?

What is oxidation?

What is thermal decomposition?

In an (endothermic/exothermic) reaction, heat is given out.
In an (endothermic/exothermic) reaction, heat is taken in.

The earth has a -----, a ----- and a -----

Choose either 'mantle, core & crust':
We live on the earth's -----, and below it lies the -----, which is above the earth's -----

As you go deeper into the mantle, the temperature (increases/decreases)

What is the earth's core made up of?

TRUE or FALSE:
The earth's crust contains vitamins

Use these 4 words to complete the sentence below (elements, rocks, minerals & compounds)

"----- & ----- make up ----- and these make up -----"

The earth's surface is made up of ----- -----
(hint: take part in earthquakes)

What are the three different types of rocks?

What are the two different types of igneous rock and what are different about them?

How do sedimentary rocks form? And what can you find in them?

How do metamorphic rocks form?

Give one example of each type of rock

What are the three types of heat transfer?

Explain radiation

explain conduction

explain convection

TRUE OR FALSE:
Physical changes do involve a change in mass

Whats different between physical and chemical changes/reactions?

Name 4 types of physical changes

What is it called when a substance goes from a solid STRAIGHT to a gas?

TRUE or FALSE:
Light waves don't need particles to travel through

What travels faster?
Light or sound?

How far is the sun from the earth?

How long does it take for light from the sun to travel to the earth?

When a ray of light hits a mirror at an angle, it ----- off the other side

The normal line is at a -- degree angle from the mirror

What is refraction?

Light can go through a transparent object, but not through an ----- one

The substance that light
(or another wave e.g. sound)
travels through is called a -----

When light goes from a less dense medium to a more dense medium, the light bends (towards/away from) the normal line.
Give an example

When light goes from a more dense medium to a less dense medium, the light bends (towards/away from) the normal line.
Give an example

At what angle will the light pass straight through the medium without refraction?

The ray of light entering the medium is known as the ----- ray

the ray which exits the medium is known as the ----- ray

How do we see?

What type of camera is similar to our eye?

What type of lens do we have in our eye?

What does our convex lens do?

What does the iris do (in our eye)?

Where are the images formed

Name all the colours in white light (in order)

red is bent the (most/least) as violet is bent the (most/least) when getting dispersed

Define dispersed

What's the proper name for a rainbow?

Why do all the colours get dispersed at different angles?

How does a red filter work?

Why are blue jeans blue?

Does sound pass through a solid, liquid or gas the quickest? Why?

What's frequency and what is amplitude?

As sound waves, how is the frequency shown and how is the amplitude shown?

how is frequency measured?

How is amplitude measured

Name the parts in the ear - in order for how we hear things

What's an ultrasound?

magnets are surrounded by -----

bar magnet have two -----. What are they called?

From which to which pole to magnetic field lines always point?

How can you see these magnetic field lines?

opposite poles -----, like poles -----

Which planet has a magnetic field?

What's an electromagnet?

what's the cool thing about electromagnets that normal magnets can't do?

name three ways in which you can increase the strength of an electromagnet?