Which act in 1906 forbade the adulteration and mislabeling of drugs?

Which act regulated opiates and cocaine in 1914?

Which act mandated the safety of drugs and the role of FDA in enforcing safety in 1938?

Which act used restrictions for certain drugs by prescription only in 1952?

Which act provided incentives for developing drugs for rare diseases in 1983?

Which act in 1997 replaced "legend" with label "Rx only",
-allowed manufacturer to discuss off-label uses of drugs with practitioners
-revised accelerated track approval for drugs that treat life-threatening disorders
-made provisions for pediatric drug research
-revised interaction of agency with individuals doing clinical trials?

Which 2005 act established new regulations for sale of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine ?

In the somatic nervous system, the nerve goes from the CNS to striated muscle. Which neurotransmitter acts on striated muscle?

In the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, the path is:
CNS ------------> ACh-nicotinic (ganglion) ------------> What is final neurotransmitter for *heart, smooth muscle, glands*

Epinephrine is a physiological antagonist of what two drugs?

CNS --------->ACh-nicotinic (adrenal medulla) ----------->what is made at the adrenal medulla?

In the parasympathetic division:
CNS ---------> ACh-nicotinic (ganglion) --------------> ACh (is this a nicotinic or muscarinic site?)

Epinephrine is a physiological antagonist of what two drugs?

What best describes biotransformation?

In relation to their parent drug, conjugated metabolites are what?

First pass of oral drugs is referred to as?

What is used to determine whether a drug will cross glomerulus?

In order for a drug to do its effect in what state should it be?
Weak acid,
Weak base
Liposoluble
Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic

When a drug does not exert its maximum effect is because it's bound to?
Albumin
gamma
betasomething
alpha

What protein is used to attach to medication?

Which of the following best explains why drugs that are highly ionized tend to be more rapidly excreted than those that are less ionized? The highly ionized are
A. less lipid soluble.
B. less water soluble.
C. more rapidly metabolized.
D. more extensively bound to tissue

Therapeutic Index LD/ED is a measure of?

What pharmacokinetic factor influences the need for multiple doses in a day (dose rate)?

half-life; other option is bioavailability, or clearance

Drug A has greater efficacy than Drug B and therefore has higher?

Fixed dose drug A w/ low dose of Drug B increase drug B effect when same dose of drug A is give w/ increased does of drug B.

competitive antagonist, synergism, partial agonist

Slow infusion of epinephrine will cause which of the following and know which receptor is responsible?

Patients BP spike after EPI, what receptor?

Condition that DOES NOT require antibiotic prophylaxis
o Prosthetic heart valve
o Rheumatic heart valve
o Congenital heart formations
o Cardiac pacemaker

Indications for prophylaxis?

Kid had unrepaired cyanotic congenital heart disease with something valves. Whats the premedication? (pedo dose)

What is the pre-medication dosage for child 44 lbs.?

Pt w/ mitral valve prolapse w/ regurgitation, premedicate?

Patient's medical tab say he is allergic to Amoxicillin), He needs to be premediated, what do you prescribe?

Pt w/ total knee replacement but was taking Amoxicillin for a while; how do you premeditate?

Pt needs antibiotic prophylaxis. He is taking penicillin already, what do you give him?

IE pre-medications why?

What is IE?

When is it appropriate to prescribe antibiotic prophylaxis in patient with previous infective endocarditis?

Which of these procedures pose a risk for Infective Endocarditis?
• Primary teeth shedding
• RCT
• Some sort of surgery
• IA injection

Know the doses for someone that is allergic to penicillin, what can you give them?

Most bacteriostatic meds works by?

Broad spectrum antibiotics like tetracycline?

Why don't we use broad spectrum antibiotics?

Antibiotics are least useful for tx of these periodontal conditions?

Antibiotic metabolism is affected by chronic tx with what type of drugs?

Pt is taking an antibiotic, which is metabolized in the liver. Metabolism of this antibiotic is decreased by which drug?
a. TCA
b. SSRI
c. phenothiazine
d. diazepam

You give antibiotics through IV, patient experience sudden allergic reaction, what's the FIRST thing you do?

Penicillin, why is this so good to give as an antibiotic?

What is the effect of Penicillin and Cephalosporin?

What enzyme is inhibited by penicillin?

Which of the following penicillin would be used to treat a Pseudomonas infection?
Nafcillin (Unipen)
Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
Benzedrine penicillin (Bicillin)
Phenoxymethyl penicillin (Pen-Vee K)
Ticarcillin (Thar)

Why do penicillins have decreased effectiveness in abscess? why?

#1 dental antibiotic for an infection within 24hrs is?

What antibiotic used for endo, pulpal involvement?

Cephalosporin has a broader spec than Penecillins (T/F)?

Broadest antibiotic effect?

Tetracycline mechanism of action?

Doxycycline MOA? What does it inhibit?

Which antibiotic is anti-microbial and anti-collagenlyctic?

clindamycin, doxycycline, metronidazole, amoxicillin

Tetracycline does not do one of the following:
reduce host response
reduce bacterial infection
reduce host collagenase
decrease gingival crevicular fluid flow

Minocycline & Doxycycline do what regarding GCF?

Mechanism of action of Minocycline in the Arestin?

What drug has the highest concentration in crevicular fluid?

Which one of the following drug is chelated with C++?

Which drug would inactivate the latter?

What is most affected by tetracycline?

What age are you most likely get infection that resulted in enamel hypoplasia or tetracycline staining?

What medication do you not give to lactating female?

Pt allergic to penicillin, what could be cross-reactive?

What drug has cross allerginicity with Penicillin?

Pt is taking tetracycline. Which of the following drugs would be contraindicated?

What happens when you have penicillin and decide to prescribe tetracycline with it?

Penicillin and erythromycin taken together cause: (cidal vs static)
•summation
•potentiation
•antagonists

Erythromycin like tetracycline is?

#1 side-effect of erythromycin is?

In lethal doses of erythromycin, what do you see?

Myasthenia gravis patient, what can't you give them?

If you have maxillary sinusitis, what antibiotic would you give?

What the clavulanic acid do when is mixed with amoxicillin (Augmentin)?

Augmentin does what?

Metronidazole prescribed for?

What color does your pee turn when you take Metronidazole?

Antibiotic used against only anaerobes parasites (protozoa)?

Clostridium difficile (colon inflammation) is treated with?

Mechanism of Metronidazole
• disrupts cell wall synthesis
• enzyme poisoning
• fungal protozoa disruption

Which antibiotic is NOT inhibit cell wall synthesis?
• amoxicillin
• vancomycin
• azithromycin

Gentamycin (aminoglycosides) side effect?

aminoglycosides can cause?

Antibiotic that helps with MRSA?

Which of the following describes clindamycin?
a. inhibits cell wall synthesis
b. does not penetrate well into bony tissue
c. it usually given in combination with erythromycin
d. is effective against gram-negative bacteria only
e. is effective against most anaerobes

Which of the following describes ciprofloxacin (Cipro®)?
Inhibits cell wall synthesis.
Effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Effective only against anaerobic bacteria.
An antibiotic-of-choice for treating otitis media in young children.
Effective against oral anaerobes.

Anti-cancer drugs are least likely to cause what?

What's a drug that you can't mix with antibiotics? why?

Methotrexate (MTX) is an?

Which drug will be used to treat an overdose of methotrexate?

Drug agonists of folic acid?

Alkalizing anti-cancer drug called procarbazine causes?

Non-alkylating anti-cancer side effect?

Amantadine is what type of drug?

What anti-viral is used to for all the these: HSV, VZV, CMV?