Birds evolved from

Endothermy

Which came first - high metabolic rate or insulation - in birds?

Ancestors of modern birds were...

Feathers...

Birds produce...

Dinosaurs had feathers, meaning that feathers are...

Bird Characteristic - Long Ulna

Bird Characteristic - Strut like coracoids

Bird Characteristic - Furcula

Bird Characteristic - Opposable Hallux

Bird Characteristic - Keeled Sternum

Bird Characteristic - Pygostyle

Bird Characteristic - Shortened Vertebral Column

Supracoracoideus Muscle

Pectoral Girdle

Cursorial (ground up)

Arboreal (trees-down)

wings aided in....

Archaeopteryx

Size of flying birds

Size of Flightless Birds

feathers made of....

Rachis

Barbs

Distally Feathers

Proximally feathers

Contour Feathers

Semiplumes

Down

Bristles

Filoplumes

Primaries

Secondaries

Dynamic Soaring

Elliptical Wings

High Aspect Ratio Wings

High Lift Wings

adaptations for flight

Streamlined Bodies

Contour Feathers

Pneumatic Bones

Increased Mass....

Crop

Stomach

Proventiculus

Gizzard

Instestine

Ceca

Cloaca

Insect Catching

Fish Catching

Sand probing

Raptor

Strainer

Seed Cracker

Insect Netter

Nectar Feeder

Drilling for insects

Senses need to be able to...

Vision and Hearing

How many species?

Diverged from who?

Found on

Relationships of lineages....

bird orders

Monotremes

Synapsida

Mammaiia have...

Adaptations for Increased metabolism in mammals

More adaptations for increased metabolism in mammals

sebaceous glands

Benefits of Lactation

Adaptation for Lactation

How many species of mammals?

Mammal hair

Glandular skin

Diphydont and heterodont

Fleshy ears

mammal respiratory system

Mammal brain

Mammals are....

No cloaca

Placenta

Senses reflect....

Olfaction

Retina mostly rod cells

Tapedum Lucidum

Mammal complex middle ear

Mammal Skin (Integmunt)

Sebaceous gland

Apocrine gland

Eccrine gland

mammary gland

Monotremata

Marupialia

Eutheria