dexa 2 | Test

1

According to WHO, for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, based on the measurement of bone density is:

1

What is the most common technique that is used to measure BMD?

1

What is the most common osteoporotic fracture?

1

In bone densitometry, what is the primary responsibility of the technologist?

1

Which of the following is considered an uncontrollable risk factor for osteoporosis?

1

Which of the following measures more trabecular bone?

1

Primary osteoporosis Type 1, is related to

1

Identify the incorrect statement from the following:

1

Cancellous bone is also known as :

1

New bone matrix is formed by:

1

What percentage of trabecular bone is found in the PA spine?

1

Currently, the most accurate method to determine a patient’s response to therapy form osteoporosis is:

1

Which of the following does not help in achieving peak bone mass?

1

Which of the following statement is false concerning QUS advantages over x-ray base methodologies for BMD measurements?

1

which of following site is mostly composed of cortical bone

1

What is the anatomical landmark on the proximal femur that indicates the best visual indication of the degree of rotation of the proximal femur?

1

Which lumbar vertebra is described as having a characteristic shape of an X or H on a DXA PA spine scan?

1

What is the name of the radionuclitide used in DPA?

1

The forearm is not used to monitor the effects of therapy for osteoporosis because

1

Which of the following is not a bisphosphonate?

1

The primary mechanism of action of anti-resorptive therapies is the result of direct interaction with:

1

The WHO criteria for diagnosing osteoporosis was initially deﬁned to apply to

1

The measurement of peripheral BMD is advocated for

1

The PA spine mostly measures the:

1

Which of the following statement about QCT measurements of bone density of the spine is not
True?

1

ln order to do a compare analysis:

1

How many degrees should you rotate the femur when positioning for a proximal femur scan?

1

When should Z-scores be used to make a diagnosis, instead of T-scores?

1

Which of the following bone parameters is measured in grams?

1

Which lumbar vertebra has the widest transverse process?

1

The region of the proximal femur lying on the border of the femoral neck is termed:

1

What is important for serial monitoring?

1

If the daily QC fails, (in the United States) what should be your first step of action?

1

With changes in rotation of the femoral neck what happens?

1

Which of the following would best describe low bone mass due to menopause?

1

According to WHO, if a healthy female age 36 (female with no known medical condition present, all body parts working perfecting) has a T-score of 1 6 SD how would she be diagnosed?

1

Which of the following term best describes the sum of data values divided by the number of values?

1

How many decimal places to the right of the decimal point is used in reporting the T-scores?

1

At low energies the majority of x-ray interactions are:

1

What concept should always guide radiation protection effects?

1

If a patient has a history of hyper-parathyroidism, which of the following would be the preferred site to evaluate ?

1

Which of the following classes of cells are involved in bone remodeling?

1

Which of the following has the highest percentage of cortical bone?

1

Which of the following bone parameters is measured in grams per centimeter squared?

1

What is the percentage of trabecular bone in the skeleton?

1

How would start labeling the vertebral bodies on a PA lumbar scan?

1

What is the major source of precision error in clinical practice?

1

Which of the following is correct?

1

During analyzes of the lumbar spine, what would help you identify the vertebral bodies?

1

A great forearm scan should include all of the following except:

1

Sunlight is the main source of vitamin:

1

Bisphosphonates prevent bone loss by:

1

DXA results may be influenced by:

1

Which of the following would best describe the effective dose for a central DXA scan?

1

When measuring the proximal femur, which of the following statements is true?

1

Which of the following statements is true regarding DXA?

1

How often should you perform the QA on the DXA unit?

1

Why is the non-dominant arm used in bone densitometry?

1

If a patients BMC is 60.58 and the area is 61.60 what is her BMD?

1

All of the following are true, except:

1

What is the distance a technologist should be away from the edge of the DXA table with a pencil beam scanner?

1

What is the most common osteoporotic fracture?

1

Two bones with the same volumetric densities may have different densities when measured with DXA because:

1

Regarding the Shewart Rules, the control limits are based on what percentage of the average values?

1

All follow-up DXA scans should be compared to:

1

With DXA, regarding the PA spine, which vertebra is expected to have the lowest bone mineral density?

1

A DXA scanner that uses a single detector and a pinhole collimator is:

1

The characteristic shapes of the vertebrae seen on the spine DXA image are primarily based on the appearance of the:

1

When scanning the proximal femur, what is the anatomical landmark to look at if you have correct rotation?

1

To determine the least significant change at 95% confidence level (for baseline and one follow-up scan), what is the "number" which the precision error is multiplied to determine the least significant change?

1

A technologist should perform a precision study in order to:

1

How many places to the right of the decimal point is used in reporting BMD?

1

The name of the forearm sites is based on what?

1

What skeletal site may be preferred for assessing early menopause or following oophorectomy?

1

When analyzing the PA spine, which of the following is a "no can do?

1

If you are very fortunate, and you get a new DXA unit, what must be performed in order to do compare studies?

1

All of the following are examples of weight-bearing exercise except:

1

What type of bone with long term use of steroids affect?

1

If a patient has had an Iaminectomy, how would that affect the results?

1

What are the two most common methods for shifting the energies in DXA units?

1

Why do you use a leg block, when performing a PA spine DXA scan? Select all that appy.

1

What is the term often used to express the precision of the DXA unit?

1

Why do you use a “hip positioner", during scanning of the proximal femur?

1

lf a patients is found to have coins in their pocket while obtaining the proximal femur what should you do.

1

A patient with an elevated alkaline phosphatase may be an indicator of

1

What is the percentage of cortical bone (compact bone) in the skeleton?

1

What angle should the patient's leg be positioned on the leg block for the PA spine?

1

What year was the Bone Mass Measurement Act proposed?

1

What pharmaceutical may be suggested for a woman with high risk of breast cancer and elevated lipids?

1

In bone densitometry, what describes the ability to reproduce the measurement when it is performed under identical conditions?

1

Decide which of the following is the most important factor to consider when performing a DXA scan?

1

How can a patient be deprived of vitamin D?

1

Which of the following calcium supplements should be the choice for women who are at risk of kidney stone formation?

1

The correct way to measure radiation dose is as effective dose, expressed as:

1

All of the following are risk factors for 733 except:

1

QUS what is the gold standard to measure bone density?

1

Cortical bone makes up what?

1

All of the following are correct except:

1

What are the four classifications that apply to the heel?

1

Secondary osteoporosis is defined as:

1

The forearm, pelvis, and scapula all belong to which skeletal classification?

1

When there is an imbalance/uncoupling of the remodeling cycle, the result is

1

During a DXA of the hip of a thin patient, a mottled or moth eaten appearance at the edge is seen, what may be helpful to correct this?

1

What is the bone edge detection methodology?

1

What sites are preferred for children?

1

In making a diagnosis for children, what are some guidelines? Select all that apply.

1

What is the only anabolic pharmaceutical on the market for treatment of osteoporosis?

1

Although the technology is similar with all the DXA units, the BMD results are different because...select all that apply.

1

For low energies, the most common process of absorption is the:

1

How many patients and how many times do you scan them in order to perform a precision study? Select all that apply.

1

Phantoms that mimic the shape and size of a skeletal region are called:

1

If the QC graph shows a gradual decline in BMD overtime, what should you do?

1

Regarding bone densitometry, which of the following best describes accuracy?

1

Which of the following are clinical signs and consequences of vertebral fractures? Select all that apply.

1

All of the following are markers of bone formation, except?

1

Pencil beam DXA units usually have shorter scanning times and better resolution compared to fan beam units.

1

Quantitative ultrasonometry measures the broad band attenuation properties of bone.

1

The correct term for the scanning pattern of a pencil beam unit is rectilinear.

1

Archiving patient’s scans and running the system back-up are one in the same.

1

The weight Iimit for the DXA table is manufacturer specific?

1

When analyzing the proximal femur the box measuring the neck should include the greater trochanter.

1

In regards to the International society for Clinical Densitometry 2013 Official Positions, Osteoporosis cannot be diagnosed in men under the age 50 on the basis of BMD alone.

1

Cortical bone is also known as cancellous bone.

1

With fan beam scanners, scanning occurs point by point.

1

Discordance is a term that is rarely used in DXA.

1

The smaller the %CV, the better the accuracy and precision.

1

Rheumatoid arthritis can contribute to the development of osteoporosis.

1

Bone loss occurs when resorption exceeds formation.

1

T-scores are useful for the expression of relative risk.

1

T-scores should be used in serial monitoring.

1

Sievert refers to effective dose.

1

The measure of the variability or the spread of data around the mean is termed standard deviation.

1

Accuracy is most important for diagnosis, less important for serial monitoring.

1

The ultra distal part of the forearm is mostly trabecular bone.

1

With VFA, you are measuring the BMD L4 through T4.

1

Cortical bone is primarily affected with an estrogen deficient woman.

1

Precision is the ability to reproduce a measurement when performed under identical conditions.

1

When a patient comes back for a follow-up scan, it's no problem if you don't use the compare/copy function.

1

The Tanner and Whitehouse (TW2) method is often used to indicate bone age in children.

1

The T-score is the number of SDs an individual’s BMD is from the average BMD for sex-matched young normal peak bone mass.

1

Caucasians and Asians are at increased risk to developing osteoporosis compared to otherethnic groups.

1

Smoking is not recognized as a risk factor for the development of osteoporosis.

1