DNA structure, replication and repair

Pregunta 1 de 15

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What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Check all that apply.

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Eukaryotic cells have multiple linear chromosomes whereas prokaryotic cells have a singular circular chromosome
Eukaryotic cells contain more genetic information
Eukaryotic cells contain membrane bound organelles
Prokaryotic cells contain no nucleus
Prokaryotic DNA is complexed by histones

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 15

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DNA polymerase I is important in the coordination of leading and lagging strand synthesis

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VERDADERO
FALSO

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 15

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You receive a nasty sunburn. Your DNA initially attempts to repair this damage through ( Nucleotide Excision Repair, Translesion Synthesis, Photoreactivation, Mismatch Repair ).This initial attempt is unsuccessful but the DNA replication blockage is bypassed by ( Translesion Synthesis, Nucleotide Excision Repair, Photoreactivation, Mismatch Repair ).

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 15

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What DNA repair process is shown here?

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 15

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This diagram shows ( Nucleotide Excision Repair, Base Excision Repair, Mismatch Repair, Recombination, Translesion Synthesis )

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 15

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This diagram shows ( Translesion synthesis, Nucleotide excision repair, Photoreactivation, Base excision repair )

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 15

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Label the newly synthesised strand and the template strand in this diagram of mismatch repair.

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New DNA

Template (old) DNA strand

Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 15

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( End-joining repair, Mismatch repair ) fixes double stranded breaks and it is an ( inaccurate, accurate ) repair system.

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 15

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Origins of replication are usually ( AT-rich, GC-rich, AU-rich ) because they are joined by only 2 hydrogen bonds (compared to 3 for ( G-C pairs, A-T pairs, A-U pairs )) so it requires ( less, more ) energy to separate the DNA strands for replication to begin.

Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 15

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( Single strand binding protein, Primase, Heliscase, DNA polymerase ) binds to unwound DNA during replication to prevent the formation of secondary structure or hairpins (or hold the unwound DNA in a rigid, unpaired structure).

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 15

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Label the diagram.

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Lagging strand

Leading strand.

Okazaki Fragments

Parent strand

RNA primer

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 15

1

Rellena el espacio en blanco para completar el texto.

DNA replication is

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 15

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What are some differences between base excision repair and mismatch repair.

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Repair different types of base mismatches: replication errors for MR and modified bases eg by deamination for BER
Mismatches are detected differently - MR distinguishes between the parental and newly synthesised strand shortly after DNA replication and corrects the new strand; BER recognises particular incorrect pairs, e.g. those that have arisen by common deamination events and corrects the base that has been deaminated (eg C to U or methylC to T)
MR acts straight after replication while BER acts at any time.
First step involves removal of base only in BER but involves cutting the DNA backbone in MR, or could express this as glycosylase involved (to remove base) in BER but not MR (if you just mentioned the removal of a base, you needed to specify this was in the first step as both processes involve loss of backbone and repair)
Stretch of backbone removed in MR but only 1 nucleotide in BER
The backbone is removed by exonuclease in MR but an endonuclease in BER (like point 4 in similarities, you needed to be fairly specific here.
The backbone is removed by endonuclease in MR but an exonuclease in BER (like point 4 in similarities, you needed to be fairly specific here.

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 15

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Label the diagram

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DNA gyrase

Origin

Single-strand binding proteins

DNA helicase

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 15

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	Creado por Natalina Laria hace más de 10 años

Test sobre DNA structure, replication and repair, creado por Natalina Laria el 03/06/2016.

DNA structure, replication and repair

Pregunta 1 de 15

What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Check all that apply.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 2 de 15

DNA polymerase I is important in the coordination of leading and lagging strand synthesis

Selecciona uno de los siguientes:

Explicación

Pregunta 3 de 15

Selecciona la opción correcta de los menús desplegables para completar el texto.

Explicación

Pregunta 4 de 15

Haz click en el punto naranja y selecciona la respuesta correcta

What DNA repair process is shown here?

Explicación

Pregunta 5 de 15

Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

This diagram shows Nucleotide Excision Repair Base Excision Repair Mismatch Repair Recombination Translesion Synthesis( Nucleotide Excision Repair, Base Excision Repair, Mismatch Repair, Recombination, Translesion Synthesis )

Explicación

Pregunta 6 de 15

Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

This diagram shows Translesion synthesis Nucleotide excision repair Photoreactivation Base excision repair( Translesion synthesis, Nucleotide excision repair, Photoreactivation, Base excision repair )

Explicación

Pregunta 7 de 15

Label the newly synthesised strand and the template strand in this diagram of mismatch repair.

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Explicación

Pregunta 8 de 15

Selecciona la opción correcta de los menús desplegables para completar el texto.

End-joining repair Mismatch repair( End-joining repair, Mismatch repair ) fixes double stranded breaks and it is an inaccurate accurate( inaccurate, accurate ) repair system.

Explicación

Pregunta 9 de 15

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Explicación

Pregunta 10 de 15

Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

Single strand binding protein Primase Heliscase DNA polymerase( Single strand binding protein, Primase, Heliscase, DNA polymerase ) binds to unwound DNA during replication to prevent the formation of secondary structure or hairpins (or hold the unwound DNA in a rigid, unpaired structure).

Explicación

Pregunta 11 de 15

Label the diagram.

Arrastra la opción correcta a cada uno de los puntos naranjas

Explicación

Pregunta 12 de 15

Rellena el espacio en blanco para completar el texto.

DNA replication is

Explicación

Pregunta 13 de 15

What are some differences between base excision repair and mismatch repair.

Selecciona una o más de las siguientes respuestas posibles:

Explicación

Pregunta 14 de 15

Label the diagram

Arrastra la opción correcta a cada uno de los puntos naranjas

Explicación

Pregunta 15 de 15

Selecciona la opción correcta del menú desplegable para completar el texto.

Histone H1 H2A H2B H3 H4( H1, H2A, H2B, H3, H4 ) binds outside the nucleosome and has a structural role

Explicación

This diagram shows ( Nucleotide Excision Repair, Base Excision Repair, Mismatch Repair, Recombination, Translesion Synthesis )

This diagram shows ( Translesion synthesis, Nucleotide excision repair, Photoreactivation, Base excision repair )

( End-joining repair, Mismatch repair ) fixes double stranded breaks and it is an ( inaccurate, accurate ) repair system.

( Single strand binding protein, Primase, Heliscase, DNA polymerase ) binds to unwound DNA during replication to prevent the formation of secondary structure or hairpins (or hold the unwound DNA in a rigid, unpaired structure).

Histone ( H1, H2A, H2B, H3, H4 ) binds outside the nucleosome and has a structural role