3863117
Description
Flashcards by Colleen Paula, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Colleen Paula
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| 4 reasons plants are crucial to our existence | 1.food 2. oxygen 3. medicines 4. wood |
| xylem | conducts water and minerals from roots to the leaves |
| phloem | conducts food generally from the leaves to the other parts of the plant |
| sporophyte | individuals of any kind of plant living an asexual phase |
| gametophyte | individuals living the sexual phase of the life cycle |
| dermal tissue | like skin for protection |
| ground tissue | much of the interior plant organs; responsible for food making+storage+support |
| vascular tissue | like pipes these carry water minerals and sugary food |
| monocot | (no main root) fibrous Root System (grasses) |
| Dicot | (one main root) tap Root System (carrots+dandelions) |
| 4 functions of the root | 1. anchoring plant in soil 2. absorbing water+minerals from soil 3. transporting water, minerals+food 4. storing of surplus sugar |
| Role of Root Hairs | absorb water and minerals for the plant (smaller the diameter, the bigger the surface area) |
| 4 Functions of Stems | 1.support leaves and flowers 2. transport material bw root and leaves 3. in some produce food(cactus) 4. store substances (water in cactus, sugar in potato) |
| general function of the leaf | photosynthesis or food manufacture |
| cuticle | waxy layer outside epidermis to provide water proofing |
| stomata | tiny holes in leaf to allow for gases+water vapor exchange with outside |
| guard cells | regulates size of stomata |
| mesophyll | made of cells that carry on photosynthesis |
| veins | composed of xylem+phloem; carry water and sugars |
| general function of flowers | sexual reproduction |
| transpiration | describes the loss of water from leaves due to evaporation |
| cohesion tension mechanism | 1. water enters vascular cylinder of root by osmosis 2. cohesion of water molecules to one another+to xylem walls via hydrogen bonding 3. evaporation from leaves |
| sepal | often green protects inner part of flower |
| petal | inside sepals attracts insects and other pollinators |
| carpel | produces ovules(eggs) which become seeds encased in fruit |
| stamen | produces pollen that carry sperm cells to carpel |
| 3 steps of double fertilization | 1. pollen gains land on stigma 2. pollen tubes grow downthrough style to ovary 3. fertilization within ovule |
| seed | reproductive structure contains an embryonic plant and stored food, protected by fruit |
| fruit | a protective structure for the seeds that develops from the carpel and serves for dispersal of the seeds |
| 2 primary ways seeds are dispersed | 1. by the wind(often w wings or parachutes) 2. by animals (fruit is often showy and colorful when ripe) |
| primary growth | means growth from tips of roots and stems |
| secondary growth | means growth outward, in diameter, on roots and stems |
| lateral meristems | an active mitotic layer that produces new cells for secondary growth, that is growth in diameter of stems and roots |
| role of Cambium in Growth | a specialized mitotic layer of cells bw the xylem and phloem in stems and roots, responsible for secondary growth |
| wood | growth rings of old xylem produced by cambium |
| relationship of auxins to growth | one of several kinds of plant hormones causing to grow faster or slower |
| tropism | a plant growth movement such as a tree growing toward the light |
| phototropism | plant growth movement toward light |
| gravitropism | growth movement toward or away from the force of gravity |
| hydrotropism | growth movement toward water |
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