3889193
Description
Flashcards by Cathy Fetterly, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Cathy Fetterly
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| WHAT DRUG PRODUCTS INHIBIT CYCLOOXYGENASE? | NSAIDS |
| WHAT DRUG INHIBITS PGI2 THEREBY ANTAGONIZING IP RECEPTORS? | EPOPROSTENOL USES G2 PATHWAY CAUSES RELAXATION AND INHIBITS PLATELET AGGREGATION (PG ANALOG) |
| WHAT DRUGS INHIBIT PGF2ALPHA THEREBY ANTAGONIZING FP RECEPTORS? | CARBOPROST, LATANOPROST CAUSES CONTRACTION (PG ANALOG) |
| WHAT DRUGS INHIBIT PGE2 THEREBY ANTAGONIZING EP1 AND EP2 RECEPTORS? | ALPROSTADIL, MISOPROSTOL, THEY ARE PGE1 DERIVATIVES (NOT SYNTHESIZED FROM ARACH ACID) DINOPROSTONE: IMPORTANT FOR UTERINE CONTRACTIONS *ALL DRUGS CAN INHIBIT EP1 AND EP2 (PG ANALOGS) |
| WHAT ANTAGONISTIC DRUG INHIBITS 5-LOX, PREVENTING ARACH ACID FROM BECOMING LEUKOTRIENES? | ZILEUTON INHIBITS BRONCHOCONSTRICTION |
| WHAT ANTAGONISTIC DRUG INHIBITS CysLT1 AND CysLT2? | MONTELUKAST, ZAFIRLUKAST INHIBIT BRONCHOCONSTRICTION |
| ALPROSTADIL | AUTACOID DERIVED FROM LINOLEIC ACID, PGE1 VASODILATOR: MAINTAINS PATENCY OF DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS IN NEONATES ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION FOR ANGINA PTS |
| WHAT RECEPTORS DOES ALPROSTADIL WORK ON? | EP2 MAINLY SOME EP1 |
| MISOPROSTOL | PGE1 DERIVATIVE PREVENTS NSAID-INDUCED ULCERS STIMULATE UTERINE CONTRACTIONS |
| WHAT RECEPTORS DOES MISOPROSTOL WORK UPON? | EP1 |
| WHAT CAN ALL PROSTAGLANDIN DRUGS DO TO SOME EXTENT? | INCREASE GI MOTILITY |
| DINOPROSTONE | PGE2 DERIVATIVE INCREASE CERIVICAL RIPENING (CHANGES COLLEGENASE SOFTER FOR BIRTH) INCREASE UTERINE CONTRACTIONS AND EVACUATE UTERUS (OXYTOXIC) |
| WHAT RECEPTORS DOES DINOPROSTONE WORK UPON? | EP2, EP4?* |
| CARBOPROST | PGF2-ALPHA DERIVATIVE VASOCONSTRICTOR (INCREASES GI MOTILITY) INCREASES UTERINE CONTRACTIONS (OXYTOXIC) POST-PARTUM BLEEDING |
| WHAT RECEPTORS DOES CARBOPROST WORK UPON? | FP RECEPTORS |
| LATANOPROST | PGF2-ALPHA DERIVATIVE INCREASE AQ HUMOR OUTFLOW (TOPICAL, GLAUCOMA) DECREASES PRESSURE, CONTRACTION SHORT t1/2 PROTOTYPE DRUG |
| WHAT RECEPTORS DOES LATANOPROST WORK UPON? | FP RECEPTORS |
| EPOPROSTENOL, ILOPROST, TREPROSTINIL | PGI2 DERIVATIVES VASODILATORS, COUNTERACTS HYPERTENSION FOR PULMONARY HYPERTENSION |
| WHAT IS UNIQUE ABOUT EPOPROSTENOL? | OLDEST DRUG (OUT OF THE 3) SHORT t1/2 |
| SIDE EFFECTS OF PGI2 DERIVATIVES? | DIARRHEA, VOMITING, HYPOTENSION |
| WHAT RECEPTORS DOES EPOPROSTENOL, ILOPROST, TREPROSTINIL WORK UPON? | IP RECEPTORS |
| APREPITANT (EMEND) | A NON-PEPTIDE ANTAGONIST AT THE NK1 THAT IS USED FOR NAUSEA AND VOMITING DUE TO CHEMOTHERAPY (REDUCES SUBSTANCE P) |
| METHYLSERGIDE | 5-HT2 ANTAGONIST PREVENTS MIGRAINES, INHIBIT DIARRHEA AND MALABSORPTION IN CARCINOID TUMORS |
| WHAT ARE SOME DRUGS THAT AFFECT 5HT BUT DO NOT ACT ON RECEPTORS? | RESERPINE, TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT, SSRIs |
| CYPROHEPTADINE | 5-HT2 ANTAGONIST (H1 HISTAMINE ANTAG TOO) VASODILATOR, SLEEPINESS CARCINOID SYNDROME AND COLD-INDUCED URTICARIA (WHEALS) --> VASOCONSTRICTOR |
| KETANSERIN | 5-HT2 ANTAG AND ALPHA-1 ADRENOCEPTOR ANTAG FOR VASOSPASTIC DISEASE (DILATION) |
| ONDANSETRON | 5-HT3 ANTAGONIST FOR EMESIS IN CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY |
| SIMILAR DRUGS TO ONDANSETRON | ALOSETRON, DOLASETRON, GRANISETRON, PALONOSETRON |
| TEGASEROD (ZELNORM) | 5-HT4 PARTIAL AGONIST (5-HT3 ANTAGONIST) FOR IBS WITH CONSTIPATION |
| METOCLOPRAMIDE | DOPAMINE, 5-HT3 ANTAGONIST FOR NAUSEA AND VOMITING |
| CAPTOPRIL, LISINOPRIL | ACEI THAT INHIBIT THE DEGRADATION OF BRADYKININ, THEREFORE INCREASING BRADYKININ'S ACTIVITY |
| EFFECTS OF CAPTOPRIL AND LISINOPRIL? | BLOOD PRESSURE DROP IRRITATION: WHEEZING AND COUGHING FROM THE ELEVATION OF BRADYKININ |
| 1ST GEN ANTIHISTAMINES | DIPHENHYDRAMINE DIMENHYDRINATE PYRILAMINE HYDROXYZINE CHLORPHENIRAMINE PROMETHAZINE |
| 2ND GEN ANTIHISTAMINES | FEXOFENADINE LORATIDINE CETIRIZINE |
| ALBUTEROL, TERBUTALINE, BITOLTEROL, PIRBUTEROL | BETA-2 AGONISTS DUE TO LOCAL ADMIN, THERE IS A DECREASE IN SIDE EFFECTS SHORT-ACTING |
| SYSTEMIC TERBUTALINE AND EPI | BETA-1,-2, ALPHA-1,-2 USED IN EMERGENCY NO PROVEN ADVANTAGE OF SYSTEMIC VS. INHALED |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS FROM MEDICATIONS THAT REVERSE ACUTE BRONCHOCONSTRICTION | ARRHYTHMIAS, TREMORS, MUSCLE CRAMPS, METABOLIC DISTURBANCES, AND LOSS OF EFFECTIVENESS WITH CHRONIC USE |
| IPRATROPIUM | REVERSE ACUTE BRONCHOCONSTRICTION MUSCARINIC ANTAGONIST IN COMBO WITH INHALED BETA-2 AGONISTS *NOT FIRST LINE THERAPY |
| PREDNISONE, METHYLPREDNISOLONE, PREDNISOLONE | REVERSE ACUTE BRONCHOCONSTRICTION STEROID ANTIINFLAMM (CORTICOSTEROIDS) SYSTEMIC SHORT-COURSE BURST TO ESTABLISH CONTROL WHEN INITIATING BRONCHODILATOR THERAPY |
| BECLOMETHASONE, BUDESONIDE, FLUNISOLIDE, FLUTICASONE, TRIAMCINOLONE | PREVENT RECURRENT EPISODES STEROID ANTIINFLAMM (INHALED) MOST EFFECTIVE PREVENTATIVE THERAPY |
| LOW TO HIGH DOSE THERAPY IS FOR WHAT KIND OF ASTHMA? | LOW: MILD PERSISTENT MEDIUM: MODERATE PERSISTANT HIGH: SEVERE PERSISTENT |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF STEROID ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ASTHMA MEDICATIONS? | ORAL CANDIDIASIS, POSSIBLE BONE REABSORTION (INH) ADRENAL SUPPRESSION, METABOLISM, GROWTH RETARDATION (ORAL) |
| (INH) CROMOLYN OR NEDOCROMIL | INHIBIT THE SECRETION OF INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS BY MAST CELLS AND EOSINOPHILS *WEEKS TO SEE THERAP EFFECTS |
| USES FOR CROMOLYN OR NEDOCROMIL | MILD (TO MOD) PERSISTENT ASTHMA, ALLERGIC RHINITIS, POLLUT/EXERCISE INDUCED BRONCHOSPASM *PREVENT MOVEMENT OF GRANULE TO EXOCYTOSE *NOT EFFECTIVE AGAINST ONGOING ATTACKS |
| ADVERSE EFFECTS OF CROMOLYN AND NEDOCROMIL | MILD IRRITATION OF RESPIRATORY TRACT |
| M oF A FOR STEROID ANTI-INFLAMMATORIES | INHIBITS PLA2 BY DECREASING ARACHID ACID THEREBY DECREASING GENE-EXPRESSION OF INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS |
| WHAT IS THE GOLD STANDARD TO PREVENT RECURRENT EPISODES OF ASTHMA? | STEROID ANTI-INFLAMMATORIES |
| ZILEUTON | LEUKOTRIENE MODIFIERS THAT INHIBIT 5-LIPOXYGENASE ON BRONCHIAL SMOOTH MUSCLE |
| ZAFIRLUKAST, MONTELUKAST | LEUKOTRIENE MODIFIERS THAT BLOCK LTD4 RECEPTORS ON BRONCHIAL SMOOTH MUSCLE |
| LEUKOTRIENE MODIFIERS CAN BE A SUBSITUTE FOR ... IN 'RESPONDERS' TO TREAT MILD PERSISTENT ASTHMA | CROMOLYN, NEDOCROMIL, ETC. |
| WHAT ARE SOME UNIQUE FACTS ABOUT LEUKOTRIENE MODIFIERS? | ORAL PREPS BETTER FOR CHILDREN EFFECTIVE IN ASTHMATICS WHO ARE ASPIRIN SENSITIVE |
| THEOPHYLLINE, AMINOPHYLLINE | BLOCK ADENOSINE RECEPTORS ON SMOOTH MUSCLE INHIBIT PDE THEREBY INCREASING cAMP *LONG TERM CONTROL OF MILD-MOD PERSIST ASTHMA *ADJUN TO STEROIDS FOR NOCTURNAL SYMPTOMS |
| THEOPHYLLINE AND AMINOPHYLLINE ADVERSE EFFECTS | CNS STIM (NERVOUSNESS, ANXIETY), ARRHYTHMIAS, N/V |
| WHY ARE BETA-2 ANTAGONISTS PREFERRED OVER THEOPHYLLINE AND AMINOPHYLLINE? | NARROW TI AND WIDE INTERPATIENT VARIABILITY (REQUIRES SERUM MONITORING OF DRUG LEVELS) |
| SALMETEROL (INH) SR ALBUTEROL (TS) | LONG ACTING BETA-2 AGONISTS 12H BRONCHODILATION (NOT FOR ACUTE) USED IN COMBO WITH INHALED STEROIDS FOR MOD TO SEVERE PERSISTENT ASTHMA |
| WHY ARE LONG ACTING BETA-2 AGONISTS USED IN COMBOS AND NOT ALONE? | NOT QUICK RELIEF (MAINT) CONNECTED TO DESENTIZATION |
| WHY IS TIOTROPIUM BETTER THAN IPRATROPIUM? | ALONE OR WITH STEROID FOR COPD GREAT FOR MAINTENANCE (BUT NOT A BRONCHODILATOR) |
| WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON H2 HISTAMINE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS? | CIMETIDINE, RANITIDINE, FAMOTIDINE, NIZATIDINE |
| WHAT ARE THE COMMON PPIs? | OMEPRAZOLE, LANSOPRAZOLE, ESOMEPRAZOLE, RABEPRAZOLE, PANTOPRAZOLE |
| GASTRIC ANTISECRETORY DRUG THAT IS A PGE1(PGI2) ANALOG? | MISOPROSTOL FOR CHRONIC NSAID USE LOTS OF SIDE EFFECTS CONTRAINDICATED FOR PREG |
| HOW ARE H2 RECEPTOR ANTAG USED? | TREAT PAIN, PROMOTE HEALING (GERD) COMPETITIVE ANTAG WITH HISTAMINE FOR H2 RECEPTOR CAN BLOCK 90% OF ACID PRODUCTION IN 24 HOURS O of A: WITHIN 30 MINS *OVERCONSUMPTION |
| HOW DO PPIs WORK? | COVALENTLY (IRREV) BLOCKS PUMPS BLOCKS 90 TO 100% ACID PRODUCTION *PTS WITH DEFECTIVE SPHINCTER CAN TAKE HOURS TO DAYS FOR RELIEF |
| SUCRALFATE | ALUMINUM SALT OF SUCROSE OCTASULFATE PROTECTS LESIONS TO DECREASE PAIN *ICU: VENTILATOR INDUCED ULCER LOW DDIs, NOT IN BLOOD STREAM |
| WHAT TWO GROUPS ARE ANTISECRETORY DRUGS? | H2 RECEPTOR ANTAG PPIs |
| WHAT ARE PROKINETIC DRUGS? | TEGASEROD (ZELNORM) *NO LONGER USED NEOTIGMINE, BETHANECHOL, ERYTHROMYCIN |
| WHAT DOES TEGASEROD DO? | STIMULATES GASTRIC EMPTYING |
| HOW DOES METOCLOPRAMINE WORK FOR GERD AND GASTROPARESIS? | INCREASES LOWER ESOPHAGEAL TONE STIMULATES GI SMOOTH MUSCLE |
| HOW DOES NEOSTIGMINE AND BETHANECHOL WORK FOR GERD AND GASTROPARESIS? | PROKINETIC DRUGS, AChEI BLOCKS THE BREAKDOWN OF ACh THEREFORE INCREASES AMOUNT OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND INCREASES SMOOTH MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS |
| HOW DOES ERYTHROMYCIN WORK FOR GERD AND GASTROPARESIS? | PROKINETIC DRUG (**AT HIGH DOSES) STIMULATES MOTILITY RECEPTORS, AND INCREASES ACh TO STIMULATE PARASTALSIS (THUS, DIARRHEA SIDE EFFECT) |
| HOW DO PROKINETIC DRUGS ZELNORM AND CISPRIDE WORK? | WORK WITH 5-HT4 (SEROTONIN RECEPT) INTERACT WITH POTASSIUM CHANNEL OF HEART CAUSING TORSADES (SE: ARRRTHYMIAS) |
| WHAT ARE THE 4 MAIN OPIOID AGONISTS? | CODEINE, MORPHINE, LOPERAMIDE, DIPHENOXYLATE *AT LOWER DOSES, THEY INHIBIT ACh RELEASED (PARALYTIC) AND INCREASE WATER REABSORPTION *MORE POTENT AS ANTIDIARRHEAL THAN ADDICTION |
| METHYLNALTREXONE | ANTAGONIST FOR OPIOID INDUCED CONSTIPATION (PERIPH EFFECTS) |
| METOCLOPRAMIDE, DOMPERIDONE | ANTIEMETICS DOPAMINE RECEPTOR (D2) ANTAG |
| CHLORPROMAZINE, PROCHLORPROMAZINE, HALOPERIDOL, DROPERIDOL | ANTIEMETICS ANTAG AT DOPAMINE, MUSCARINIC AND HISTAMINE RECEPTORS |
| ONDANSETRON, GRANISETRON | ANTIEMETIC DRUGS SEROTONIN RECEPTOR (5HT3) ANTAG |
| DIMENHYDRINATE, DIPHENHYDRAMINE, MECLIZINE, PROMETHAZINE, SCOPOLAMINE | ANTIEMETICS HISTAMINE (H1) AND MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR BLOCKERS |
| DRONABINOL | ANTIEMETIC CANNABANOID RECEPTOR (CB1) AGONIST |
| LORAZEPAM, ALPRAZOLAM | BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTOR AGONISTS |
| DEXAMETHASONE, METHYLPREDNISILONE | ANTIEMETICS GLUCORTICOID RECEPTOR AGONISTS |
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