11653595
Description
Flashcards by Jaweria Khalid, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jaweria Khalid
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Where does the information in our genome come form? | The information in our genome is coped from our parents. We inherited half of it from our mother and half from our dads. |
| What are gametes? | Gametes are the name given to the egg cell in females and sperm cells in males. They are made from body cells and have half the number of chromosomes as body cells. When a sperm fertilises an egg, the resulting cell has the correct number of chromosomes for a body cell. |
| Some features are controlled by single genes - for example ear wax. | The type of ear wax you have is a good example of a feature controlled by a single gene. One variant causes dry ear wax and another causes wet ear wax. The difference between the two variants is a point mutation. |
| What is a dominant allele? | Dominant alleles are alleles that only require one copy of themselves to be presented. |
| What is a recessive allele? | A recessive allele is when you must have two copies of a recessive allele for it to be present/to have that feature. |
| What is a homozygous genotype? | A person with two alleles that are the SAME (e.g. EE or ee) have the same homozygous genotype. |
| What is a hetrozygous genotype? | A person that has two different alleles (E.g. Ee) has a hetrozygous genotype. |
| Which alleles are passed on by gametes? | Gametes have one copy of one chromosome from each chromosome pair in the body cells. During fertilisation whatever variant is present in each gamete will be the two that make up the baby's genotype. |
| Name one way of modelling | Punnet squares/Family Tree Diagrams |
| Most features are not controlled by single genes. | Most of your features depend on multiple genes and on other regions of your genome. |
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