11713917
Description
Flashcards by Emily Richer, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Emily Richer
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| The KMT lost the civil war because... | •It was corrupt during the war •It ignored the peasant classes •It didn't fight the Japanese (which was what the people wanted) •The communist party had the support of the peasant class (the biggest class) •KMT troops joined Mao •The communists avoided battles they wouldn't win -they used guerilla tactics -had many small victories •Perceptions of the two sides •The communists wanted to attack Japan. |
| Who won the war? | Really, the USA-it bombed Japan when China wouldn't make an attack. |
| What year did the Civil War end? | •1949. Communists captured Shanghai and forced the KMT to flee (to Taiwan). China declared a 'People's Republic'. |
| BEFORE: •1949 Agriculture dominated by wealthy landlords •Food shortages in the countryside •Pretty much a feudal system, punishments if you disobey the landlord, low quality of life •90% of population peasant faermers •Money valueless and high unemployment rates | 1949-1953 AFTER: •Landlords removed (People's Courts and Speak Bitterness meetings) •Agarian Reform Law (land distribution in line with Communist theory, was also a reward for peasants. It failed.) •An estimated 1 million landlords exectuted •1953 Co-operative farms introduced. |
| Which reform involved the redistribution of land? | Agarian Reform Law |
| What campaign did Mao use to improve productivity and give the economy a boost? | The 5-year plans |
| What was the aim of the 1958 "Great Leap Forward"? | To quickly develop Chinese economy and to overtake Britain in the production of steel and other products within 15 years. |
| Two key aspects in the Great Leap Forward | • Development of collectives into communes • To use the peasantry to develop industry |
| Why did the great leap forward fail? | • unreasonable targets (leaders forced to take on) • backyard furnaces distracted from needed agriculture • backyard furnaces caused coal shortages (esp. for trains) • skilled workers were rare as farmers moved to factories • party figures were untrue so needed food was exported • standards of machinery and tools were bad |
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