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Description
Flashcards by Arshi Siddiqui, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Arshi Siddiqui
about 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Signal Anxiety | The anxiety that results from a conflict between internal wishes or drives and constraints that come from wither internalized prohibitions or external reality. |
| Defense Mechanism | Freud believed that signal anxiety triggers ego defense mechanisms, usually learned during early childhood and developed as a way of dealing with inner conflict , anxiety, pain, shame, sorrow and other negative emotions. |
| Primary Vs Secondary Defense Mechanism: | Primary includes repression and denial, which keep unacceptable thoughts or impulses from consciousness. Secondary defense mechanisms are outgrowths of the primary ones – projection, sublimation and reaction formation |
| Defense Mechanisms’ Relationship to Developmental Stage | Denial and Distortion are linked to oral stage which include primitive defenses. Regression, undoing and reaction formation are linked to anal stage. Most sophisticated defense mechanisms are associated with later stages of development. |
| Psychotic vs Neurotic Defenses | Psychotic defenses like distortion, denial, and delusional projection are most likely found in children, in dreams and in people with psychotic disorders. Neurotic defenses like rationalization, intellectualization and displacement are far more common. |
| Immature vs Healthy Defense | Immature defenses like projection, splitting and acting out are common in adolescents as well as people with mood, personality and impulse control disorders. Healthy Defenses include humor, altruism, sublimation and conscious suppression. |
| Goal of Psychoanalysis | The overall goal of psychoanalysis is to achieve equilibrium between the id and the superego. The ego must be stron enough to handle the demands of living and not be overwhelmed by guilt, shame or nervous anxiety. |
| Transference | The client projects onto the therapist characteristics of another person, usually a parent and reacts to the therapist as though he or she really does possess those characteristics. It involves a distortion or misperception of the therapist and is not a direct response to the way the therapist actually is. |
| Working through transference | Once the transference is developed, it is further established and explored in order to elicit repressed material. The origins of the transference are understood and resolved, strengthening the ego and freeing the client to relate to others in healthier ways. |
| Free association | In the process of free association which is used to access repressed material, people should say whatever comes into their minds without censoring or judging. It is an automatic linking of one thought to another, which we all experience |
| Abreaction | It involves recalling a repressed painful experience, working through that painful experience and conflicts it created by reliving in memory the experience and its associated emotions, analyzing it and achieving an emotional release |
| Analysis | Process of thoroughly exploring and understanding the unconscious representations in the material people present in treatment. |
| Interpretation | Process of elucidating the unconscious meaning of the symbols in material that clients present and of linking those new insights to their present concerns and blocks. |
| Psychoses | It involves a loss of contact with reality, a significant disturbance in a person’s ability to accurately perceive and interpret both internal and external experiences. |
| Neuroses | People with neuroses experience disorder of thoughts , emotions and behaviours that interfere with their capacity for healthy functioning. |
| Hysteria (now known as conversion disorder) | Involves a loss or disturbance of the senses or motor ability such as blindness or paralysis without medical cause. |
| Six major neuroses identified in Freud’s time | Hysteria, Anxiety states, Obsessional disorders (OCD), Depression, Paranoid attitudes, Sexual perversions (paraphilias) |
| Use of Freudiean Psychoanalysis | Best suited to treatment of people with moderate ego strength, are in reasonable contact with reality. People with anxiety, depression, sexual or physical symptoms without identified medical cause. |
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