12974088
Description
Flashcards by Sumaiya Patel, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Sumaiya Patel
about 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is Industrial organizational Psychology | It is the study of human behavior in the workplace |
| What is the role of intelligence in making career choice | Intelligence predicts the likelihood of entering in particular occupation as it is related to academic success. |
| What is more important than general intelligence in many occupations? | Special talents are more important than general intelligence in many occupations. |
| Why one’s interest should be considered while planning one’s career? | Interests underlie one’s motivation for work and job satisfaction therefore they should be considered while career planning. |
| What is Occupational Outlook Handbook? | It is a comprehensive guide to occupations, published every two years by U.S Bureau of Labor Statistics |
| What does Occupation Outlook Handbook include? | It includes job description, education and training requirements, advancement possibilities, salaries and employment outlooks for 250 occupations |
| Where can we get more detailed information on particular occupations besides Occupational Outlook Handbook? | We can get more detailed information on particular occupations from government agencies, trade unions, and professional organizations. |
| What essential information one should know about occupations while choosing a career? | The nature of work, working conditions, Job entry requirements, Potential earnings, Potential status, opportunities for advancement, intrinsic job satisfaction, future outlook. |
| What is underemployment? | It is settling for a job that does not fully utilize one’s skills, abilities and training. |
| What is Occupational Interest Inventories? | They measure your interests as they relate to various jobs or careers. |
| Three most widely used interest tests? | Strong Campbell Interest Inventory (SCII), Self Directed Search (SDS) and Kuder Occupational Interest Survey (KOIS) |
| What does Occupational interest inventory focus on? | They focus more on the likelihood of job satisfaction than job success. |
| What are the important considerations to keep in mind while choosing a career? | One must have potential for success in variety of occupations. One should not choose a career solely on the basis of salary. There are limits to one’s career options. Some career decisions are not easily undone. Career choice is a developmental process. |
| Hexagonal model of career choice | According to Holland, people flourish when their personality type is matched with a work environment that is congruent with their abilities, interests and self-beliefs. |
| What are personal orientations and work environments in Holland’s system | People can be classified into one of the six personality type called personal orientation. Similarly, occupations can be classified into six ideal work environments. |
| Describe Realistic personality orientation and their optimal work environment | They are good at mechanical tasks and weak in social skills.They prefer jobs with tasks that are physical or mechanical and that are clearly defined such as farming, auto mechanics and engineering. |
| Describe Investigative Personality Orientation and their optimal work environment. | They enjoy abstract thinking and logical analysis. They prefer working with ideas rather than things or people. They prefer working in research lab or libraries. |
| Describe Artistic Personality Orientation and their optimal work environment. | They are imaginative and independent, tend to be impulsive, creative & socially aloof. They have high need for emotional expression and prefer career in art, music or drama. |
| Describe Social Personality Orientation and their optimal work environment. | They are understanding and want to help others. They prefer interaction with people and have necessary social skills. They prefer helping professions like teaching, nursing and social work. |
| Describe Enterprising Personality Orientation and their optimal work environment | They are self confident, popular and social. They like to use their social skills to lead or persuade others. They prefer sales or supervisory positions |
| Describe Conventional Personality Orientation and their optimal work environment | They are conforming, systematic and orderly. They have great clerical and mathematical ability. They prefer structure and are suited to business world. |
| Name the test developed by Holland to measure six basic personal orientations | Self Directed Search (SDS) is a self scoring test by Holland to measure six basic personal orientations |
| Super’s Developmental Model | Developmental Model by Donald Super asserts that one’s self concept is the critical factor in career choice. Career choice reflects person’s attempts to express their changing views of themselves. |
| 5 Major stages of Super’s Developmental Model | Growth stage, Exploration stage, Establishment Stage, Maintenance stage, Establishment Stage and Decline Stage. |
| Growth Stage | Youngsters fantasize about exotic jobs they would enjoy, largely oblivious to realistic consideration such as the abilities or education required for specific job. |
| Exploration Stage | Pressure from parents, teachers and peers to develop general career direction and narrow it down to specific one. In later part of the stage, they attempt to enter the world of work on full time basis. |
| Establishment Stage | The task is now to demonstrate ability to function effectively in chosen occupation. They use previously acquired skills, learn new skills and display flexibility in adapting to organizational changes. |
| Maintenance Stage | Opportunities for further career advancement and occupational mobility decline. Primary goal is to protect the security, power, advantages and perks that one has attained. |
| Decline Stage. | People redirect their energy and attention toward planning for retirement. Many look forward to it eagerly while others worry about their financial viability. |
| Women have different patterns of career development than men | Women subordinate their career goals to their husbands’, and are more likely to interrupt their careers to concentrate on child rearing or family crisis. |
| M-curve in women’s career development. | Women’s participation in work force shows sharp rise as they take their first jobs, then sharp dip as they leave to concentrate on child-rearing and finally second sharp rise when they return to work. |
| What do we mean by the word ‘Work’/ definition of Work | Work is an activity that produces something of value for others. For eg, work is a way of living for others. |
| Why should we be aware of work trends and there are how many important trends? | The trends in the workplace can have an effect on the future job prospectus. So it is important that we are aware of the 6 work trends. |
| Mention the six important work related trends: | 1.Changing technology in the nature of work 2.Importance of new work attitudes 3.Necessity of lifelong learning 4.Increase in temporary employment 5.The boundaries between work and home 6.Service sector jobs. |
| What do we mean by Labor Force? | The labor force consists of all those who are employed as well as those who are currently unemployed but are looking for work. |
| Major challenge today | Maintain work,family and leisure activities |
| Who are Workaholics? | Workaholics Devote nearly all their time and energy to their jobs. Put in lots of overtime, take few vacations, regularly bring work to home from the office and think about work most of the time. |
| Enthusiastic workaholics | They work for pure joy. They derive immense satisfaction from work and generally perform well in highly demanding jobs. |
| Non enthusiast workaholics | Feel driven to work but reports low job enjoyment. |
| Important facts for dual earner couple | Two workers juggle three jobs - Two paid jobs and one unpaid job at home. |
| Define Spill over effect | What goes on work can spill over to affect family life and vice versa. |
| Work-Family conflict | Feeling of being pulled in multiple directions by competing demands from jobs and family. |
| Define Leisure | Unpaid activities people choose to engage in because the activities are personally meaningful. |
| What is ‘Technostress’? | The stress experienced due to the need to adapt to computers and automated offices. |
| What are the factors contributing to stress in American workers (Gwendolyn Keita and Joseph Hurrell- 1994)? | 1. More employment in service industry 2. Unpredictable economy 3. Rapid changes in computer technology 4. Diverse workplace |
| What are the 3 levels at which occupational stress is dealt with? | 1. Individual 2. Organizational 3. Individual- organizational |
| Focus of job stress intervention at individual level | Relaxation training Time management Cognitive approaches to reappraising stressful events Improve physical health |
| Focus of job stress intervention at organizational level | > Making surroundings more comfortable for employees > Giving adequate decision control/ greater participation in decision making > Decentralizing management |
| What does the Family and Medical Leave Act state? | It requires larger organizations to provide workers with time-off (unpaid) for the birth of a child or serious illness of a family member. |
| Define ‘ Sexual Harassment’ | Sexual Harassment’ occurs when employees are subjected to unwelcome sexually oriented behavior. |
| What are the two ways of sexual harassment? | 1. quid pro quo- worker’s survival of the job depends on agreeing to engage in unwanted sex 2. Environmental- inflicts psychological harm and interfere with job performance. |
| Which model helps predicting occurrence of sexual harassment? | Two-factor model based on the person (prospective harasser) and the social situation) helps predicting the occurrence of sexual harassment. |
| Sexual harassment is most likely to occur when individual proclivity is ____ and organizational norms are ___. | high accepting |
| Causes of unemployment | - Dramatic economic changes - Globalization |
| Define ‘displaced workers’. | Individuals who are unemployed because their jobs have disappeared. |
| Effects of unemployment | 1. Economic distress 2. Loss of self-esteem 3. Depression 4. Anxiety 5. Suicide |
| Losing job at middle age is most stressful because… | 1. More financial responsibility 2. Cessation of health insurance 3. Lesser opportunities of getting new job 4. Pain experienced due to important source of life satisfaction being cut off |
| How to make an effective resume? | -Heading -Objective -Education -Experience |
| What is executive recruiters ? - | Executive recruiters work on commission for organizations that have vacancies to fill. They earn their livelihood by relatively looking for people who have the qualifications being sought by hiring the organizations. |
| Techniques to get selected for interview? | -brush up on your nonverbal communication skills. -find out all you about the company -Demeanor should be formal and reserved -avoid any discussion of salary in an initial interview. |
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