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Description
Flashcards by Licette Silva, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Licette Silva
almost 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Classical Conditioning | A type of learning achieved through repetition, turning a neutral stimulus using an unconditional stimulus, into a conditioned response. |
| Ivan Petrovich Pavlov | Russian dude who tested saliva production on dogs and discovered how they were conditioned to salivate once they saw the feeder, regardless of whether there was any food. |
| Watson/ Raynor | 11 mo. old boy was conditioned to fear rats after a loud noise startled him. |
| Neutral Stimulus (NS) | a stimulus which, prior to conditioning, would evoke no response. This always becomes the conditioned stimulus, e.g. the bell in Pavlov's experiments. |
| Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) | A stimulus which innately produces a response or reflex, such as the meat in Pavlov's experiments. |
| Unconditioned Response (UCR) | An unlearned response elicited by an unconditioned stimulus, e.g. the dog involuntarily salivated at the meat. (UCR) |
| Association | A connection between two events which results in learning. Pavlov's dogs learned to associate the ringing of the bell and the presentation of the meat so that they eventually learned to salivate at the bell alone. |
| Conditioned Stimulus (CS) | After the neutral stimulus has been paired with the unconditioned stimulus many times, the neutral stimulus becomes the conditioned stimulus. It now elicits a learned response such as the bell. |
| Main Elements in Classical Conditioning | 1. Extinction 2. Stimulus Generalisation 3. Stimulus Discrimination 4. Spontaneous Recovery |
| Extinction | when a conditioned response is no longer reinforced by the unconditioned stimulus, the conditioned response will cease to occur. For ex, if the bell(CS) is continually presented w/o the meat(UCS), the dog will eventually stop salivating(CR) at the bell alone. |
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