1457734
Description
Flashcards by Isabel May, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Isabel May
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a polymer | A polymers is a large molecule made up of lots of monomers which are smaller molecules |
| Are Monomers Alkenes or Alkanes | Alkenes |
| explain polymerisation | 2 double bonded carbon alkenes break allowing them to join onto an addition atom (for and image look at polymers lesson in your exersize book dated 17/09/14) |
| Name 2 ways polymers can be useful | 1. poly(ethene), better know as polythene is used to make plastic bags and bottles. 2. Poly(propene) is used to make rope bins and plastic crates. |
| What is a smart polymer | smart polymers are polymers that are specifically made to change/adapt to their surroundings/environment |
| Give an example of an everyday use of a hydrogel polymer. | Nappies use the hydrogel polymer to absorb a lot liquids from the nappy keeping the baby dry |
| Give and explain an example of a temperature sensitive product | Temperature sensitive products can be things such as bath mats for babies, baby spoons, change colour to indicate whether the temperature is to hot or not. They can do this because they are coated in Poly(ethane) |
| what is a biodegradable plastic | Plastics are now being made so they can be broken down by micro-organisms in the soil |
| What is PLA and what is it used for | PLA is poly(lactic acid) its made out of cornstarch/flour. It is completely biodegradable. Also it's used for food packaging but its not heat proof. |
| Alcohols have -OH functional groups. Can you write the balanced chemical equation for ethanol |
is the one that says (C2H5OH)
Image:
_C2H5OH__again (image/png)
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| what is them chemical structure of ethanol | |
| What can ethanol be used for? | It is used in solvents e.g -Methylated spirits such as white spirit -Perfumes -Fuels |
| Give some example of non-renewable fuels and sources of energy | Petrol, Gas, Diesel, Coal, Oil, Electricity. (note these all come into contact with fossil fuels in some way) |
| Give some example of renewable fuels and sources of energy | Biofuel, Hydrogen, Methanol(depending on how you make it) |
| explain the process of fermentation including chemical equations | for answer look at the ethanol lesson in your book 07/10/2014 |
| How long does fermentation take | months and months |
| What are some advantages of fermentation | ther is only one its renewable |
| what are some disadvantages to fermentation | Can only make 15% alcohol - will need distillation to become a spirit, industrial fermentation is a batch process |
| explain the method of hydrating ethene | look at the ethanol lesson in your book completed 07/10/14 |
| what are some advantages to using the hydration method | Reversible reaction, Unreacted recatants can be reused, Continuous process, no waste products |
| what are the disadvantages of using the hydration method | made by cracking so its non-renewable, Requires energy |
| what temperature does ethanol boil at | 78 degrees celcius |
| what is distillation process of ethanol | 1. Put the fermented mixture into a round bottomed flask 2. Set p distillation apparatus 3. At the end you should be able to set the product alight |
| What is crude oil | A mixture of different lengths of hydrocarbon |
| what is a hydrocarbon | a compound of hydrogen and carbon |
| where does crude oil come from | under the sea and land |
| What is crude oil made up of | Carbons and hydrogen's - dead organisms get pressed together in the ground by layers of sediment |
| Is crude oil useful as it is, if not how do we make it useful | No, we have to use fractional distillation to make it useful |
| explain fractional distilation | |
| what is an alkane give an example |
Eth(ane)
6 hydrogen's
Single bond
Image:
ethane (image/png)
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| what's an alkene, give an example |
eth(ene)
4 hydrogens
Double bond
Image:
ethene (image/png)
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| what does thermal mean | heat |
| give the first four begins of alkanes/enes and how many carbons they have | 1 carbon - meth 2 carbons - eth 3 carbons - Prop 4 carbons - But |
| what is in more demand shorter or longer chained hydrocarbons | shorter chained hydrocarbons are in greater demand as they are used in things such as petrol. But we can make long chains shorter using a method called cracking |
| show how to crack a alkane example; Hexane |
Image:
cracking_butane (image/jpg)
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| Show or write down how to test for alkanes/alkenes in bromine water |
Image:
bromine_test.gif (image/gif)
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