2375020
Description
Flashcards by Gabriel Wainwright, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Gabriel Wainwright
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Name the main Greek contributors to medicine. | Hippocrates, Aristotle and Pythagoras. |
| Hippocrates (Greek) | Theory of The Four Humours and Hippocratic Oath. |
| Galen (Roman) | The Theory of Opposites. |
| VesaLius (Renaissance) | Proved Galen wrong. Jaw was one part not two. Wrote on the 'Fabric of the Human Body' |
| Pare (Renaissance) | Wrote 'Practical Works On Surgery'. Found Ligatures and ROman salve made of turpentine, egg yolk and rose oil. |
| Harvey (Renaissance) | Wrote 'An Anatomical Account of The Motions Of The Heart'. Worked on circulation and found the arteries and veins. Could not prove the existence of capillaries. |
| Name the Brothers Renaissance. | William Harvey, Andreas Vesalius and Ambroise Pare. |
| Jenner (Medieval) | The first vaccination. Jenner used cowpox to cure smallpox. |
| Avicenna (Ibn Sina) (Islamic) | Ibn Sina wrote the most significant books of the Islamic era. He wrote 'The Canon of Medicine' and 'The Book Of Healing'. |
| Louis Pasteur (Fight Against Disease) | Discovered Germ Theory in 1861. His discovery was fuelled by his rivalry with Koch. This was because of the Franco-Prussian War. |
| Robert Koch (Fight Against Disease) | He competed with Pasteur. He discovered that germs could be grown on potatoes and Petri dishes. He also identified the germs that caused several major illnesses at the time. |
| Ignaz Semmelweiss (Fight Against Disease) | He insisted that doctors washed their hands after dissections to reduce cross-contamination with patients. He called doctors who didn’t wash their hands ‘murderers’. |
| Joseph Lister (Antiseptics) | He was influenced by Pasteur’s ‘Germ Theory’ and developed the carbolic spray. Carbolic spray was unpopular with doctors due to unpleasant side-effects. They cracked the hands of doctors. |
| John Snow (Fight Against Disease) | John Snow discovered the link between cholera and water. He discovered a cesspit underneath the Broad Street pump. |
| Florence Nightingale (19th Century) | She improved nursing in the Crimean. She made sure that the hospitals were cleaner. Every patient had their own bed. Wrote 'Notes on Nursing'. |
| Mary Seacole (19th Century) | Mary Seacole helped on the battlefield in the Crimean War. She set up the 'British Hotel' to help look after soldiers. She didn't receive much credit after the Crimean. |
| Humphrey Davy (Anaesthesia) | Laughing gas. |
| James Simpson (Anaesthesia) | Discovered the uses of chloroform after self-experimentation. |
| Edwin Chadwick (Public Health) | Edwin Chadwick wrote 'A Report on the Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population'. This was in 1842, in the first third of the Public Health. |
| Joseph Bazalgette (Public Health) | Bazalgette was comissioned to design the sewer system underneath London. |
| The Great Stink (Public Health) | The Great Stink forced the government to make a change in terms of miasma. It cleaned up the sewers (Bazalgette). |
| The Second Public Health Act (1875) | Provision of clean water Proper drainage and sewage The appointment of a Medical Officer of Health This actually made a change. |
| Alexander Fleming (20th Century) | Fleming discovered the importance of penicillin. This was by accident and he failed to take his knowledge any further. |
| Florey and Chain (20th Century) | Howard Florey and Ernst Chain took penicillin a step further and took it to the USA, where it was mass produced. |
| William Beveridge (20th Century) | Beveridge wrote a report into public health in Britain, calling for a 'cradle to grave' public health system. This led to the introduction of the NHS. |
| The First Public Health Act (1848) | This was not compulsory and so did not bring much change in practice. It was brought about by the 1842 Chadwick Report. |
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