27605806
Description
Flashcards by Malachy Moran-Tun, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Malachy Moran-Tun
over 3 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What were the 4 main points of Hitler's ideology? | 1. Militarism - Build up Germany's armed forces to destroy the Treaty of Versailles 2. Nationalism - To build up an Aryan race and conquer land for them to live in (Lebensraum) 3. Anti-Semitism - To exterminate the Jews 4. Authoritarianism - To build a strong government, of which he was the leader |
| What was the German Workers' Party? | Patriotic, nationalistic political party that aimed to serve the working class, founded by Anton Drexler Heavily against Communism - "plague from the East" |
| Why was Hitler attracted to the German Workers' Party? | > Anti-Communist > Against the Treaty of Versailles > Nationalist / Aryan |
| What were some main points from Hitler's 25 Point Programme? | > Scrap the Treaty of Versailles > Land and colonies to feed Germany's population (Lebensraum) > Citizenship of the state only granted to people of German blood > Right to vote only for German citizens > Foreign nationals to be deported if it is impossible to feed the entire population > Government to nationalise all businesses that were making too much profit (you commie) > Pensions to be improved > Education to be improved > Improve health by making sport requirement by law > Newspaper editors to be German and non-German papers require government's permission > Religious freedom for all (providing the views expressed did not "threaten" or "offend" the German people) > Creation of a strong, central government for Germany, with unrestricted authority |
| Why was the DAP renamed to the NSDAP? | To show the 25 point programme appealed to all political groups: National Socialist German Workers' Party |
| How did the growth of the Nazi party influence the Munich Putsch? | > 1919 - few members of the party > Hitler took charge of party propaganda in 1920 > Munich - alienated soldiers and ex-soldiers distaste for peace and the Treaty of Versailles, so joined DAP (to be called NSDAP) > 1920 - 3,000 members; 1923 - 50,000+ members |
| How did the development of the SA influence the Munich Putsch? | > 1921 to 1933 (putsch was in 1923) - SA disrupted many meetings of political opponents and defended Hitler while he was making speeches > Original members of the SA came from the Freikorps, since Hitler's speeches frequently attracted Communist disruption, and the Freikorps definitely don't like that > When fights broke out, law and order usually restored by SA, not police > Gives Hitler the excuse to claim the Weimar regime lacked leadership and power |
| How did the influence of Mussolini influence theMunich Putsch? | > 1921 to 1922 - NSDAP heavily influenced by "The Fascists", lead by Mussolini > 1922 - Mussolini marched into Rome to force Italy to accept him as their new leader - inspired Hitler |
| How did the problems with the Treaty of Versailles reparations influence the Munich Putsch? | > Occupation of the Ruhr created the impression that the Weimar Republic was weak and unstable > Hyperinflation reached its peak in 1923 |
| How did the Reichswehr (regular army) influence the Munich Putsch? | > Reichswehr conservative - hated the Weimar constitution, political system, and weak, coalition government system > Reichswehr favoured authoritarianism and militarism > Reichswehr hated the Treaty of Versailles, including reparations and loss of land > Hitler made promises to expand and re-equip the military |
| How did unpopularity of the Weirmar government influence the Munich Putsch? | > 1919 to 1923 - Nazi party growth in support in Munich > Bavaria government leaders disliked the Weimar government - turned a blind eye to SA violence > Many Germans felt the Weimar government betrayed them by signing the Treaty of Versailles - "Stab in the Back" theory |
| Summarise the plan of the Munich Putsch | 8th November 1923 March from Munich to Berlin and overthrow the Weimar government in order to win support of Bavarian government and then attack the Weimar government in Berlin |
| How was the Munich Putsch a disaster because it failed to achieve its aims? | > 16 Nazis died > Hitler cowardly fled from the failing rebellion > Hitler was charged with treason > Some upper-class Nationalists saw the Nazis as "low-class mobs" > The Reichswehr (normal army) had not supported the Putsch |
| How was the Munich Putsch a disaster because it caused long term consequences? | > Hitler was betrayed and reported to the police by Von Kahr - showed he did not have enough support > Nazi party was banned for the next 3 years > Hitler cowardly fled - changing his image > Hitler was imprisoned - no longer a visible leader of his party > Failure was seen as an embarrassment to the party |
| How was the Munich Putsch a success because it made the Nazi party famous? | > Hitler wrote Mein Kampf in prison, which sold millions of copies and made him a millionaire > 16 dead Nazis were portrayed (by some) as Martyrs > The initial support of Ludendorff meant that the Reichswehr's (army's) attention was grabbed > The trial generated huge amounts of publicity in newspapers > Hitler won the respect of many right-wing nationalists for having the courage to act |
| How was the Munich Putsch a success because the judges were lenient? | > Ludendorff was given no prison sentence > The leniency meant that Hitler had support of important figures in the legal system > Hitler was given his own room, with a secretary and was allowed visitors (how nice) > Hitler was sentenced to only 5 years, and served only 9 months |
| How was the Munich Putsch a success because of the lessons Hitler learnt? | > Hitler was betrayed by Von Kahr - showed that he did not have enough support > Hitler learned that he needed complete control over the party to guarantee success > The putsch forced Hitler to rethink his political strategy, aiming to win power through votes |
| What were the key events of the Munich Putsch? | > 8th Nov 1923 - Otto Von Lossow and Gustav Von Kahr address a meeting of 2,000 supporters > Hitler and the SA burst into the meeting and declare a national revolution. Gun in hand > Hitler forces them to state their support for a march on Berlin to impose a new government >9th Nov - Ebert declares a national state of emergency because of treason > Ludendorff persuades Hitler to not give up - 2,000 armed Nazis (with gaining public support) march to a military base in Munich > Bavarian soldiers return fire after shot, causing Hitler to dislocate a shoulder as the man next to him fell (got shot) > 11th Nov - Hitler is arrested > Feb 1924 - Hitler's trial, he attacks the Weimar regime and acquires public support, pleads guilty > 24th Dec 1924 - Hitler released from prison |
| How did Hitler use new methods to change the Nazi party between 1924 - 1929? | > Relaunched the Nazi party on 27th Feb 1925 > 4,000+ came to hear Hitler speak > Hitler decided to play by democratic rules and get elected, due to the failure of the Munich Putsch > Nazi party becomes organised like a government in and of itself, so when power was achieved, democracy could be ended straight away, and the "government in waiting" could shift into place |
| How did Hitler organise Germany into districts to change the Nazi party between 1924 - 1929? | > Nazis divided Germany up into 34 districts, each called a Gaue > Each Gaue had a leader, called a Gauleiter > Local branches of the Nazi party could run propaganda that appealed to local areas > The Gauleiter pushed the idea that Hitler had absolute power |
| How did Hitler use the youth to change the Nazi party between 1924 - 1933? | > Hitler realised the youth needed to continue the legacy of the Nazi party > Hitler Youth was formed for boys aged 15 to 18 > Bund Deutscher Maedel for girls > In these, children read Mein Kampf and were taught Nazi Party beliefs > 1933 - Hitler Youth membership was 100,000 |
| How did Hitler use the SS to change the Nazi party in 1930? | > SA 400,000 men, however many were difficult to control and loyal to the head of the SA, Ernst Rohm > Hitler formed a highly disciplined guard unit, called the SS > Considered an elite force, membership was restricted to pure Aryan Germans > 1930 - 3,000 loyal members |
| How did Hitler use the Bamberg Conference to change the Nazi party in 1926? | > Spoke for 5 hours, making his position clear > Possible rivals were won over and discouraged from taking Hitler's leadership from the Nazi party > Goebbels (a main competitor) was promoted to Gauleiter of Berlin, a very important role, as it's the capital |
| How did Hitler use flexible propaganda to change the Nazi party between 1924 - 1929? | > Goebbels used propaganda in Berlin in order to gain support > Posters, leaflets, radio, film and organised rallies > Changed messages to suit individuals and appeal to certain groups of people > Hitler and Goebbels tried hard to appeal to the working class - anti-semitism was the most effective, so it was increased > 1928 - middle classes won over using anti-Communist message |
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