IT Vocabulary

Question	Answer
ASCII	Is a character-encoding scheme. Originally based on the English alphabet, it encoded 128 specified characters into 7-bits binary
Antivirus	is referred to as an antivirus software, An antivirus program is a software utility designed to protect your computer or network against computer viruses.
ATX	Short for Advanced Technology eXtended, ATX is a specification used to outline motherboard configuration and dimensions in an effort to improve standardization.
AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port)	Short for Accelerated Graphics Port, AGP is an advanced port designed for Video cards and 3D accelerators
AUP	Short for Acceptable Use Policy, AUP is an agreement made between the user and company on how a service can be used.
Activation key	Alternatively referred to as an activation code, product key, product id, registration key, and serial key, a Activation Key is a unique set of numbers or letters provided with software that helps prevent software piracy.
Address bar	Alternatively referred to as the address box, location bar, or URL bar, the address bar is a term used to describe the text box used to enter a website's address in an Internet browser.
BIOS	short for Basic Input/Output System, the BIOS, ROM BIOS, or System BIOS is a chip located on all motherboards that contain instructions and setup for how your system should boot and how it operates.
Boot	Alternatively referred to as boot up, booting is the process of powering on a computer and getting into the operating system.
Byte	A byte is data equal to either seven or eight bits depending if it needs error correction (parity).
BackUp	An operation or procedure that copies data to an alternative location, so it can be recovered if deleted or becomes corrupted.
CPU	Referred to as the brain of the computer, processor, central processor, or microprocessor, the CPU (pronounced as C-P-U), short for Central Processing Unit.
Cache	Pronounced like the physical form of U.S. currency, Cache is a high-speed access area that can be either a reserved section of main memory or storage device.
CMOS	Is a technology for constructing integrated circuits. CMOS technology is used in microprocessors, microcontrollers, static RAM, and other digital logic circuits. CMOS technology is also used for several analog circuits such as image sensors (CMOS sensor),
Camera	Hardware device used to take photographs, consisting of a lightproof box with photosensitive film or plate within the box.
Capacitor	A capacitor is a component made of two or sets of two conductive plates with a thin insulator between them and wrapped in a ceramic and plastic container.
Capacity	When referring to a drive, capacity or storage capacity is the maximum amount of data a device such as a hard drive can hold.
CD-ROM	Short for Compact Disc-Read Only Memory, a CD-ROM (shown right) is an optical disc which contains audio or software data whose memory is read only.
CD-R	Alternatively referred to as a cd writer, CD-WO (Write once), WORM (Write Once Read Many) drive.
CD-KEY	Alternatively referred to as an activation code, product key, product id, registration key, and serial key, a CD-KEY is a unique set of numbers or letters provided with software that helps prevent software piracy.
Cellular	Alternatively referred to as a cell, cellular, and cellular phone, a cell phone, which is also sometimes abbreviated as cp is a mobile phone or portable phone that enables a user to communicate almost anywhere in the world.
Chipset	A chipset is a designated group of microchips that are designed to work with one or more related functions.
Chrome	Google Chrome is an Internet browser officially released by Google on December 11, 2008. It is a popular alternative to other browsers, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox.
Coaxial	A cable that is used in video, communications, and audio. This cable has high bandwidths and greater transmission capacity.
Command	A command is a word or set of words that, when typed or in some cases spoken, cause the computer to perform a certain operation.
Compress	Alternatively referred to as compact, compress is the process of taking one or more files and making them smaller by using a compression algorithm. Commonly, file compression will combine each of the compressed files into one compressed file containing each of the files.
Download	Sometimes abbreviated as dl, download is a term used to describe the process of copying data from another computer, either over a network or modem.
Desktop	Desktop is a system of organization of icons on a screen. And act like principal screen of operating system
Driver	A device driver or hardware driver is a group of software files that enable one or more hardware devices to communicate with the computer's operating system.
Data	In general, data are information that have been gathered and translated for some purpose, usually analysis. It can be any character, including text and numbers, pictures, sound, or video.
Database	Alternatively referred to as a databank and sometimes abbreviated as DB, a database is a large quantity of information that can be searched, referenced, compared, changed or otherwise manipulated without much effort.
Debian	Debian is a free, open-source operating system developed with tools from the GNU project. It can be run using either the Linux or the kFreeBSD kernel, and officially supports ten different architectures, including Intel and AMD 32-bit and 64-bit systems.
Decompress	Is the process of taking a compressed file and restoring it back to its original form.
Defragmentation	Defragmentation is a term used to describe the process of reorganizing a hard drive's data to help increase the proficiency of accessing the data and prevent file fragmentation.
DIMM	Short for Dual In-line Memory Module, DIMM is a module containing a circuit board and one more random access memory chips.
Document	A document or document file is a description of an electronic copy or hard copy of reference material for a product.
DOS	Short for Disk operating system, DOS is an acronym often used to describe MS-DOS and the Windows command line.
DVD	Short for Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Video Disc, a DVD or DVD-ROM, is a disc capable of storing large amounts of data on one disc the size of a standard Compact Disc.
E-mail	Short for electronic mail, e-mail or email is information stored on a computer that is exchanged between two users over telecommunications.
Excel	Is a software program capable of creating and editing spreadsheets that are saved with a .xls file extension.
ENIAC	Short for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator, the ENIAC was the first electronic computer used for general purposes, such as solving numerical problems.
Folder	A folder is a virtual location where files and other folders can be located.
Firewall	A firewall is a software utility or hardware device that limits outside network access to a computer or local network by blocking or restricting network ports.
Extension	An extension is a part that is added to something that extends or enlarges it.
Format	The overall layout of a document. For example, the formatting of text on many English documents is aligned to the left of a page. With respect to text, a user could change its format to bold.
GUI	Short for Graphical User Interface, a GUI (pronounced as either G-U-I or gooey) allows the use of icons or other visual indicators to interact with electronic devices; rather than using only text via the command line.
Disk formatting	j
E-mail	Short for electronic mail, e-mail or email is information stored on a computer that is exchanged between two users over telecommunications.
eSATA	Short for SerialATA, SATA 1.0 was first released in August 2001 and is a replacement for the Parallel ATA interface used in IBM compatible computers.
Folder	A folder is a virtual location where files and other folders can be located.
File	A file is an object on a computer that stores data, information, settings, or commands that are used with a computer program.
Floppy Disk	Alternatively referred to as a floppy or floppy disk, a floppy diskette was first created in 1967 by IBM as an alternative to buying hard drives that were extremely expensive at the time.
File Extension	A file extension is the ending of a file that helps identify the type of file in operating systems such as Microsoft Windows.
Fedora	Fedora Linux, also simply known as Fedora, is a Linux variant created by a community of developers known as the Fedora Project.
Fragmentation	File fragmentation is a term that describes a group of files that are scattered throughout a hard drive platter instead of one continuous location.
FreeWare	Alternatively referred to as free software, freeware is software that is made available 100% free as long as it remains un-modified. The complete opposite of freeware is commercial software.
Hard Disk Drive	A hard disk drive (sometimes abbreviated as Hard drive, HD, or HDD) is a data storage device.
Hardware	Abbreviated as HW, Hardware is best described as any physical component of a computer system that contains a circuit board, ICs, or other electronics. A perfect example of hardware is the screen on which you are viewing this page.
HUB	A hub is the most basic networking device that connects multiple computers or other network devices together.
Hacker	A term that first started being used in the 1960s and was used to describe a programmer or someone who hacked out computer code
Internet	Alternatively referred to as the net or the web, the Internet was initially developed by the IPTO with the intention of helping to develop the progress of computing technology by linking the work being done by all the best academic computer centers.
Input	Any information or data that is sent to a computer for processing is considered input. Input or user input is most often sent to the computer using an input device such as a keyboard or mouse.
Icon	An icon is a small graphical representation of a program or file that, when clicked on, will be run or opened.
IDE	Short for Integrated Drive Electronics or IBM Disc Electronics, IDE is more commonly known as ATA or Parallel ATA (PATA) and is a standard interface for IBM compatible hard drives and CD or DVD drives.
Install (1)	When referring to computer hardware, install is a term used to describe the process of physically connecting a component within a computer.
Install (11)	When referring to computer software, install, installation, or install.exe is the process or creating and moving all of the necessary files to run a software program on a computer.
Jumper	Jumpers allow the computer to close an electrical circuit, allowing the electricity to flow certain sections of the circuit board.
Joystick	An input device that allows the user to control a character or machine in a computer program.
Java	Originally known as oak, Java is a programming language developed by James Gosling and others at Sun Microsystems that was first introduced to the public in 1995 and today is widely used to create Internet applications and other software programs. Today, Java is maintained and owned by Oracle.
JPEG	Short for Joint Photographic Experts Group, JPEG is a color-image graphics compression format.
Keyboard	A computer keyboard is one of the primary input devices used with a computer that looks similar to those found on electric typewriters, but with some additional keys.
Kilobyte	Abbreviated as K, kB, and KB, a kilobyte is equal to 1,024 bytes, however is also defined by the IEC as equal to 1,000 bytes. Therefore, a KB could really equal either of these values.
Kernel	When referring to an operating system, the kernel is the first section of the operating system to load into memory.
Linux	Is a free and open-source operating system developed by Linus Torvalds and friends and was first announced by Linus in a post he made August 25, 1991.
Laptop	Alternatively referred to as a notebook, a laptop is a portable computer that with the same abilities as a desktop, but is small enough for easy mobility.
LAN	Short for Local-Area Network, a LAN has networking equipment or computers in close proximity to each other, capable of communicating, sharing resources and information.
Motherboard	Alternatively referred to as the mb, mainboard, mobo, mobd, backplane board, base board, main circuit board, planar board, system board, or a logic board on Apple computers.
MS-DOS	Short for Microsoft Disk Operating System, MS-DOS is a non-graphical command line operating system derived from 86-DOS that was created for IBM compatible computers.
Memory	Computer memory is any physical device capable of storing information temporarily or permanently.
Mouse	Originally referred to as an X-Y Position Indicator for a Display System, a mouse is a hardware input device that was invented by Douglas Engelbart in 1963 while working at Xerox PARC.
Monitor	Alternatively referred to as a video display terminal (VDT) and video display unit (VDU), a monitor encompasses a display screen for video images and casing that holds it.
Microphone	Sometimes abbreviated as mic, a microphone is a hardware peripheral originally invented by Emile Berliner in 1877 that allows computer users to input audio into their computers.
Network	A collection of computers, servers, mainframes, network devices, peripherals, or other devices connected to one another allowing for data to be shared and used. A great example of a network is the Internet, connecting millions of people all over the world together.
Northbridge	Alternatively referred to as the PAC (PCI/AGP Controller) and sometimes abbreviated as nb, the northbridge is an integrated circuit that is responsible for communications between the CPU interface, AGP, and the memory.
Programming Language	A programming language is a special language programmers use to develop applications, scripts, or other set of instructions for computers to execute.
PCI	Short for Peripheral Component Interconnect, PCI was introduced by Intel in 1992.
POST	Short for power-on self-test, the POST is a test the computer must complete to verify all hardware is working properly before starting the remainder of the boot process.
Page	In software programs such as Microsoft Word, a page refers to a section of a document equal to a printed page of information.
Qwerty	Alternatively referred to as the Sholes keyboard, the QWERTY keyboard was invented by Christopher Sholes who was issued a patent for a typewriter on July 14, 1868.
RAM	Alternatively referred to as main memory, primary memory, or system memory, Random Access Memory (RAM) is a computer storage location that allows information to be stored and accessed quickly from random locations within DRAM on a memory module.
ROM	Short for Read-Only Memory, ROM is a type of "built-in" memory that is used with computers and other electronic devices.
Router	A hardware device designed to take incoming packets, analyze the packets, move the packets to another network, convert the packets to another network interface, drop the packets, direct packets to the appropriate locations, and perform other actions relating to a network.
Software	Sometimes abbreviated as SW and S/W, software is a collection of instructions that enable the user to interact with a computer or have it perform specific tasks for them. Without software, computers would be useless.
TCP/IP	Short for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, TCP/IP also commonly abbreviated as TCP was developed in 1978 and driven by Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf. Today, TCP/IP is a language governing communications among all computers on the Internet.
URL	Short for Uniform Resource Locator, a URL or Internet address is a form of URI and is a standardized naming convention for addressing documents accessible over the Internet or Intranet.
USB	Short for Universal Serial Bus, USB is a standard that was introduced in 1995 by Intel, Compaq, Microsoft and other computer companies.
UNIX	A term coined by Brian Kernighan, Unix or UNIX (not an acronym) is an operating system that was developed by some of the members of the MULTICS team at the Bell Laboratories starting in the late 1960's, many of who also helped create the C programming language.
UTP	Short for Unshielded Twisted Pair, UTP is a cable used in computer networking that consists of two shielded wires twisted around each other.
VGA	Short for Video Graphics Array, VGA is a popular display standard developed by IBM and introduced in 1987, VGA provides 640 x 480 resolution color display screens with a refresh rate of 60Hz and 16 colors displayed at a time.
Volatile Memory	Volatile memory is a type of storage whose contents are erased when the system's power is turned off or interrupted.
Virus	A computer virus is a software program, script, or macro designed to infect a computer and cause damage, steal personal information, modify data, send e-mail, display messages, and infect other computers.
Windows	Windows or win, is an operating environment created by Microsoft that provides an interface known as Graphical User Interface (GUI) for IBM compatible computers.
Web Page	A web page or webpage is a document commonly written in HyperText Markup Language (HTML) that is accessible through the Internet or other network using a browser.
WWW	Short for World Wide Web, WWW sometimes also abbreviated as W3 or Web is a graphical interface for the Internet that was first introduced to the public on August 6, 1991 by Tim Berners-Lee.
Yahoo	Short for Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle!, YAHOO! was created February 1994 by two Standard University Ph.D. candidates David Filo and Jerry Yang.
Zip	When referring to computer software compression, zip is a file extension associated with such compression programs as WinZip or PKZIP. Zip files are a collection of software or program files compressed into a single, smaller file.
Process	We use some processes for repairs errors in the PC, here are some.
Preventive Maintenance	In maintenance, preventive maintenance is intended for maintenance of equipment or facilities by performing overhaul to ensure their proper functioning and reliability.
Corrective Maintenance	Called corrective maintenance, who corrects shortcomings in the equipment or facilities, is the most basic form of maintenance is to locate and correct faults or defects or repair.
Software Installation	It is the process that is responsible for adding any software applications to a PC, the software can be found on a CD / DVD, a USB, cloud. ETC
Format	Format is called the process of change, update or renewal of the operating system of a PC. In this process we can change settings of the hard disk drive partitions
Reballing	Reballing is the replacement of original tin balls that attach the plate to the graphics chip, Northbridge and CPU, high quality ball composed of a certain alloy of Tin, Silver and Copper
Scan Virus	With the Anti-virus of the computers, it run the application to detect and remove viruses, these applications are easy to use, then to finish scanning only make click remove viruses and the computer will be free of malware.
Increase memory capacity	Some teams need to increase their capacity Hard drive or RAM, for this process is installed a memory of larger capacity or a second memory using the second socket. The hard drive, if possible put a second disc drive, otherwise, replace it with a disc of larger capacity.
Install Drivers	All computers need drivers for peripherals, for that we have cds of each hardware will settle in the PC, or downloaded from the official website of the Creator a driver to install on your computer.
Flashear	It is the process of updating the BIOS using a program, this task is very delciada, because if not done by an expert, could have irreversible damage.
KillCMOS	It is called KillCMOS the process of removing the password from a computer when the user has forgotten. You can remove passwords to access the computer, the BIOS and SETUP. This process is done with a program with the same name that boot with a CD / DVD.

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