4594188
Description
Flashcards by ericajoy75, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by ericajoy75
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| august 1914 | war breaks out in europe! |
| sinking of lusitania | may 1915 enflamed american public opinion most americans preffered to stay out of the war |
| sussex pledge | -u-boats sink french passenger liner, sussex -wilson promises to enter WWI unless germany stops sinking ships without warning -german agree- plan to defeat england england and france- then negotiate with US |
| election of 1916 | dem- wilson- "he kept us out of war" rep. charles evans hughes- former reform governor of new york wilson wins big question- what will germany do next? |
| zimmerman note | telegram from german to mexican gov't- proposing german-mexican alliance-published in US newspaper |
| russian revolution in 1917 | romanovs overthrown |
| the fourteen points | wilson's "spiriual" goals for the war: -elimination of secret treaties -open access to the seas(aimed against bristish sea power) -removal of economic barriers between countries -reduction of military stockpiles -end the competition for colonies -self-determination for european peoples(like the poles)-not for colonies -creation of an international organization that would provide a system of collective security- League of Nations |
| George creel | head of committee on public information -tasked with propoganda for the war -convinced americans to put up with shortages and discomforts -selling freedom bonds |
| bernard baruch | leader of war industries board -to determine priorities, allocate raw materials, and fix prices for industry |
| herbert hoover | heads the very succesful food administration -voluntary rationing of certain foods -"meatless" and "wheatless" days -"victory gardens" - restrictions on alcohol |
| 18th amendment | 1919 prohibition |
| 19th amendment | 1920 gives women the right to vote |
| national war labor board | chaired by Taft tried to avoid labor disputes as much as possible |
| supporters of the war | AFL(american federation of labor) samuel gompers |
| non-supporters of the war | IWW (industrial workers of the world) of wobblies- founded in 1905 by revolutionary socialists- many were arrested and jailed for "treasonous" acts |
| 1919 US steel strike | largest in US history steel manufacturers brought in african-american workers to work. led to violence strike collapsed |
| espionage act of 1917 | law fines+imprisonment for anyone "aiding the enemy" -eugene v. debs- head of American socialist party-imprisoned |
| schenck v. US | first amendment free speech rights did not protect anyone whose speech posed a "clear and present danger" to the US national security -SCOTUS decision was unanimous |
| sedition act 1918 | fines+imprisonment for anyone attempting to dissuade anyone from purchasing war bonds or disparaging the military, the constitution, or the gov't.. 1500 indicted or imprisoned |
| 1917 selective service act | aka the draft british+french needed reinforcements on the western front asap army grew to 4 million men racism- black soldiers were placed in segregated units under white officers |
| spring 1918 | last desperate push by the germans on the western front Foch(french field marshal)- replace the french & british units in the trenches -black jack pershing oppeses wholesale trench warfare |
| john j. "black jack" pershing | -west point -veteran of philippines in spanish american war -former commander of a black cavalry unit9 how he got his nickname) -first five star general since washington - most WWI commanders will fight under him in WWI- including george patton |
| battle of chateau- thierry | may 1918 -stop the advance of germany on paris -4 weeks later americans force the germans p\out of belleau wood, a crucial german stronghold |
| battle of st. mihiel | sept. 1918 -push back the germans in counter-attack |
| battle of Meuse-Argonnes | most important battle sept. 26-nov. 11 1918 -cutting the german railroad lines -Sergeant York- single- handedly killed 20 germans and captured 132 more |
| Lafayette | early air unit -formed april 1916 to fly alongside french -becomes officially part of the american air service in feb. 1918 |
| the end of the war | Nov. 11, 1918 |
| treaty of versailles | wilson feared return to isolationism after the war and the chance to form a new world order would be lost -vindictive toward germany(war guilt clause, etc.- will lead to rise of hitler) -includes league of nations along with 4 of wilsons 23 suggestions -failed to get the 2/3 vote necessary to pass -massive defeat for wilson |
| Henry Cabot Lodge | -loathe wilson - chair of the senate committee on foreign relations -republican -joined against "entagling alliances" by the "irreconcibles" |
| ultraconservatives who opposed the treaty of versailles | senators william borah of idaho and hiram johnson of california |
| "security pledge" | - in the treaty of versailles -where US and GB promise to aid france if germany should attack -wilson takes the treaty "on tour"- mostly unfavorable reactions |
| election of 1920 republicans | rep.- sen. warren g. harding of ohio- Gov. calvin coolidge(running mate)- both opposed membership in League of nations Harding: "retern to normalcy" Coolidge: nicknamed "silent cal" |
| election of 1920 democrats | Gov. james cox of ohio- running mat- sec. of the nay Franklin d. Roosevelt- both supported US membership in the league of nations |
| results of election of 1920 | republicans won overwhelmingly hardy is president beginning of jazz age of roaring twenties |
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