5101401
Flashcards by leggy eggy, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by leggy eggy
about 5 years ago
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Description
| Question | Answer |
| what are enzymes? | - biological catalysts - increase the rate of metabolic reactions - proteins made of long chains of amino acids formed in unique shapes so that they can only speed up one specific reaction |
| Why do plants need phosphates? | - For making DNA - For making cell membranes - For respiration and growth |
| Why do plants need nitrates? | - To make amino acids and proteins for cell growth |
| Why do plants need potassium? | - Helps enzymes needed for respiration and photosynthesis |
| Why do plants need magnesium? | - Makes chlorophyll for photosynthesis |
| What are some examples of greenhouse gases? | - Carbon dioxide - Methane - Nitrous Oxide - CFCs |
| When is mitosis used? | - Growth - Repair - Cloning - Asexual reproduction |
| Proteins contain atoms of which elements? | - Carbon - Nitrogen - Hydrogen - Oxygen |
| Carbohydrates contain atoms of which elements? | - Carbon - Hydrogen - Oxygen |
| Where is bile produced and stored? | - Produced in the liver - Stored in the gall bladder |
| What are the functions of bile? | - Neutralises stomach acid - Emulsifies fats |
| How are some plants adapted for insect pollination? | - Bright petals - Strong scent - Nectar - Big sticky pollen grains - Sticky stigma |
| What is the word for things relating to the lungs? | -Pulmonary |
| What is the word for things relating to the heart? | - Coronary |
| What is the word for things relating to the liver? | - Hepatic |
| What is the word for things relating to the kidneys? | - Renal |
| What are the three main roles of the kidneys? | - Removal of urea from the blood - Adjustment of salt levels in the blood - Adjustment of water content in the blood |
| What is a positive phototropism? | - Plants growing towards light |
| What is a positive geotropism? | - Plants growing towards gravity |
| Which substance is used to test for starch? | - Iodine solution |
| What substance is used to test for glucose? | - (blue) Benedict's reagent |
| Which digestive enzyme converts starch into maltose? | - Amylase |
| What do lipases convert lipids into? | - Glycerol and fatty acids |
| What is another word for the gut? | - The alimentary canal |
| What is the name for the process that moves food through the gut? How does it work? | - Peristalsis - The muscles of the gut contract and squeeze the food along |
| Why does the stomach produce hydrochloric acid? | - To kill bacteria - To give the right pH for the enzyme protease |
| Which organisms have cell walls? | - Plants - Fungi - Bacteria - (some) Protoctists |
| What are alleles? | - Different versions of the same gene |
| Why does the left ventricle have a thicker wall than the right ventricle? | - It must pump blood around the whole body so it needs more muscle - The right ventricle only has to pump blood to the lungs |
| What are the structural differences between veins and arteries? | - Veins have thinner walls - Arteries have a smaller lumen - Veins have valves to prevent backflow |