Pain Relief Medication

Question	Answer
List the 3 stages of the pain ladder	1. Non-opioid (e.g aspirin, paracetamol or NSAID) 2. Weak opioid (e.g. codeine) 3. Strong opioid (e.g. morphine)
Describe the mode of action of NSAIDs	1. Inhibition of COX enzymes 2. Prevent AA --> PGH2 --> PGs 3. Prevent inflammation
Explain the gastrointestinal side effects of NSAIDs	PG production decrease --> Increased gastric acid production --> Diminished bicarbonate & mucus secretion Acid directly irritates gastric mucosa --> ulceration
Explain the renal side effects of NSAIDs	PGs --> Vasodilation of afferent arteriole to maintain high GFR Low PGs --> reduces GFR --> low excretion
List 4 other side effects of NSAIDs	1. Dyspepsia 2. Rashes 3. Hypertension 4. Neuropathy
Describe 2 proposed MOAs for paracetamol	1. Selective COX-3 inhibition (PG inhibitor) 2. Inactivate Trp pain channels in CNS
What is a toxic dose of paracetamol? What drug should be given in response?	10-15g Methionine
List the 4 (5) opioid receptors	1.
Describe function

Resource summary

	Created by Flora Bradshaw almost 8 years ago