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Description
Flashcards by Farha Idrees, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Farha Idrees
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What do we use land for? | -farming -housing -industry -mining -transport |
| What is deforestation and what can it lead to? | Deforestation is the removal of forests and it can lead to soil erosion and the loss of habitats for wildlife. |
| The more _____ that is used by ______ the more of it becomes ______. | The more land that is used by humans the more of it becomes polluted. |
| What is clean water needed for? | -drinking -preparing food -washing in |
| Rivers and seas can become polluted by? | 1) raw sewage 2) fertilisers and pesticides washed off from farmland 3) waste materials from mining and industry 4) oil spillages |
| Is normal rain acidic, neutral or an alkaline? | Normal rain is slightly acidic (around the pH of 5.6) because it has some carbon dioxide dissolved in it. |
| a) What are the main gases produced by vehicles and industry? b) What happens when they dissolve into the rain? | a) sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen b) when they dissolve in rain, they make it more acidic- around the pH of 4.0 |
| What are the effects of acid rain on a plant? (3) | 1) it washes important materials out of the soil 2) removes the waxy outer layer of of plant leaves- this damages the plant 3) not allowing cells to develop properly |
| What problems in general can acid cause? | -breathing problems in people, often leading to shortness of breath and even asthma -damage to trees and plants -erosion damage to buildings made of limestone or marble |
| What is soot? | Soot is carbon that is not burnt properly. Soot is made of fine visible black particles. |
| What effects does soot have? (2) | 1. Soot coats the surface of a leaf, causing less light to reach the leaf. This means that less photosynthesis occurs, making the plant weak. 2. Humans and other animals are affected when they breathe in soot. Their lungs are damaged leading to an increased risk of lung based problems. |
| What happens when fossil fuels are burnt? | Chemicals and smoke particles such as: -carbon dioxide -carbon monoxide -sulphur dioxide :are produced |
| How is smog formed? | Smog is formed when smoke particle mix with fog. |
| Explain the greenhouse effect. | -Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. It is formed when fossil fuels are burnt. -Greenhouse gases act in a similar way to a greenhouse- they trap heat from the Sun, causing the Earth to keep warm enough for us to live in. -It is quite useful when in its correct amount, however when too many fossil fuels are burnt, causing extra carbon dioxide to be made. -Therefore more heat is trapped and the Earth warms up even more. This effect is called global warming. |
| Define biodiversity. | biodiversity: the number of different species in an area and the population of each species |
| an area has several plants but only one plant is common - Is this a low or high biodiversity? | That area has a low biodiversity. |
| An area with a high biodiversity is rich in wildlife and is worth ________. | conserving |
| What is an endangered species? | When a species is close to extinction |
| What are the three main causes for the extinction of a species? | 1. hunting 2. habitat destruction 3. pollution |
| Steps being taken to protect species are: | -habitats are preserved -trading bans are enforced -the animals are captured and relocated -breeding programs are set up |
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