575159
Description
Flashcards by izzy.munden, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by izzy.munden
about 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| HYDROCARBONS | Organic compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen |
| SATURATED HYDROCARBONS | Hydrocarbons which only contain single bonds |
| UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS | Hydrocarbons which contain one or more double carbon-to-carbon bonds |
| ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON | Hydrocarbon with atoms joined together in straight or branched chains |
| ALICYCLIC HYDROCARBONS | Hydrocarbon with atoms joined together in a ring structure |
| FUNCTIONAL GROUP | Part of the organic molecule responsible for its chemical reactions |
| HOMOLOGOUS SERIES | Series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2 |
| ALKANES | The homologous series with the general formula C(n)H(2n+2) |
| ALKYL GROUP | Alkane with a hydrogen atom removed, often shown as "R" |
| NOMENCLATURE | System of naming compounds |
| GENERAL FORMULA | Simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series |
| DISPLAYED FORMULA | Shows the relative positioning of all the atom in a molecule and the bonds between them |
| STRUCTURAL FORMULA | Shows the minimal detail for the arrangement of atoms in a molecule |
| SKELETAL FORMULA | Simplified organic formula, with hydrogen atoms removed from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups |
| STRUCTURAL ISOMERS | Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms |
| STEREOISOMERS | Compounds with the same structural formula but with a different arrangement of the atoms in space |
| HOMOLYTIC FISSION | Breaking of a covalent bond, with one of the bonded electrons going to each atom forming two radicals |
| RADICAL | Species with an unpaired electron |
| HETEROLYTIC FISSION | Breaking of a covalent bond, with both of the bonded electrons going to one of the atoms forming a cation and an anion |
| NUCLEOPHILE | An atom that is attracted to an electron deficient centre or atom, where it donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond |
| ELECTROPHILE | An atom that os attracted to an electron rich centre or atom, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond. |
| ADDITION REACTION | Reaction in which a reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a saturated molecule |
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