7070830
Description
Flashcards by Mischa Cole, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Mischa Cole
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Excretion | separation and elimination of wastes from body fluids |
| Respiratory system excretes: | CO2 (carbon dioxide), H20 (water), and other gases |
| Integumentary system excretes: | water, salts, lactic acid, urea |
| Urinary (Renal) system excretes : | metabolic wastes, toxins, drugs, hormones, salts, H+, water |
| Digestive system excretes: | water, bile, mucus, & enzymes |
| 1. Kidneys produce... | urine (1) |
| 2. Ureters transport... | urine (2) |
| 3. Urinary bladder... | stores urine (3) |
| 4. Urethra passes... | urine to outside (4) |
| Glomerular Filtration | water, salts, nutrient molecules, and waste molecules move from the glomerulus to the inside of the glomerulus capsule. These small molecules are called the glomerular filtrate. |
| Tubular Reabsorption | Nutrient and salt molecules are actively reabsorbed from the convoluted tubules into the peritubular capillary network, and water flows passively. |
| Tubular Secretion | Certain molecules (i.e. H+ and penicilin) are actively secreted from the peritubular capillary network into the convoluted tubules. |
| Regulatory functions of kidneys: | 1. Water-Salt Balance: Most (99%) of the water filtered through kidneys is reabsorbed into the blood 2. Salt (NaCl) is reabsorbed or eliminated depending on concentration in the blood, blood pressure (subject to hormonal control) |
| Substances excreted in urine: | 1. Water 2. Sodium 3. Urea 4. Chemical breakdown products of drugs 5. Glucose (in uncontrolled diabetes) |
| Where is urea produced? | in the liver |
| What is urea used for? | transportation of nitrogenous wastes of dietary protein metabolism, in blood |
| When is creatinine produced? | When Muscle tissue is broken down |
| How and where is creatinine filtered? | freely filtered in the kidney tubules (not subjected to active secretion or re-absorption) |
| Loop of the Nephron | - the part of the tubule which dips from the cortex into the medulla (descending limb), then returns to the cortex (ascending limb). - part of tubule where urine is concentrated if necessary |
| Ascending limb | In, Loop of the Nephron, the part of the tubule which returns to the cortex |
| Descending limb | In, Loop of the Nephron, the part of the tubule which dips from the cortex into the medulla |
| Collecting duct | - The final concetration of urine |
| Kidney function | d |
| Kidney parts | d |
| Cortex (Outer part of kidney) | filters blood |
| Medulla (inside kidney) | where salt and water content in urine in controlled |
| Nephron (inside kidney) function | - Remove excess water, wastes and other substances from your blood. - Return substances like Na, K, or P whenever any of these substances run low in your body. |
| Nephron Structure |
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