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Description
Flashcards by Adam Collinge, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Adam Collinge
about 12 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is an alpha particle? | Two neutrons and two protons- the same as a helium nucleus |
| Describe an alpha particle | They are big and slow moving, therefore they don't penetrate very far into materials and are stopped quickly |
| What does it mean that alpha particles are strongly ionising? | They hit a lot of atoms and knock electrons off them before they slow down, which creates a lot of ions |
| Describe beta particles | They move fast and they are small (they're electrons), meaning they penetrate moderately into materials before colliding, have long range in air and are moderately ionising too |
| What happens for every beta particle emitted? | A neutron turns into a proton in the nucleus |
| How do you balance a nuclear equation? | the atomic and mass numbers have to balance on both sides of the equation |
| If there is one too many number on the product side of the reaction, what must be written instead? | A negative number, e.g 6 ->7+-1 |
| Describe gamma particles | They are small, light and fast moving, meaning they penetrate far into materials without being stopped and pass straight thru air |
| Why do gamma particles tend to be bad at ionising? | They tend to pass through rather than collide with atoms. Eventually they will hit something and do damage |
| What makes gamma rays different from alpha or beta? | They have no mass or charge and they are Electro-magnetic waves |
| Which two particles are deflected by Electric and Magnetic fields? | Alpha and Beta |
| What type of charge do alpha particles have and what type do beta have? | Alpha= Positive Beta= Negative |
| Why are alpha and beta particles deflected in opposite directions, when traveling through a magnetic or electric field? | Because of their opposite charges |
| Why are alpha particles deflected less than beta particles? | Because they have a much larger mass |
| Why do alpha particles feel a greater force in magnetic and electric fields? | Because they have a larger charge |
| Why does Gamma get deflected whilst going through a magnetic or electric field? | Because its an EM wave and has no charge |
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