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Description
Flashcards by Amy Tourle, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Amy Tourle
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Define species. | A group of organisms with similar morphology, physiology and behaviour which can interbreed to create fertile offspring. |
| Define habitat, population and community | A habitat is the place where an organism lives. A population is a group of interbreeding individuals of the same species found in an area. The various populations living in a habitat make up a community. |
| Why would two species be in competition with each other? | When they live in the same habitat and occupy the same niche. The better adapted species will out-compete the other and exclude it from the habitat. |
| What is a species' niche? | The way a species exploits its environment. |
| Give examples of the niches of two very different species. | Some orchids have evolved to mimic a female wasp of a certain species so it can only be pollinated by the male of that particular species. There are three species of woodpecker living in Britain but they each feed off of different parts of trees so they can happily live in the same habitat. |
| What does being well adapted mean? What are the three categories of adaptations? | Being specialised to suit the environment in which the organism lives. Behavioural, physical and anatomical. |
| What is a behavioural adaptation? Give an example. | An action done by an organism which will help them to survive and reproduce. e.g. when agoutis bury Brazil nut to provide a future food source. |
| What is a physiological adaptation? Give an example. | A feature of the internal workings of an organism that help them to survive and reproduce. e.g. When plants are able to live in soils with high levels of salt. |
| What are anatomical adaptations? Give an example. | Changes to the structure of an organism, visible when we observe or dissect it, that will help it to survive and reproduce. e.g. bumblebees will have a longer/shorter tongue depending on what flowers it often feeds from. |
| What is co-adaptation? | When species are closely adapted because they evolved in tandem and became dependent on each other. |
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