9446694
Description
Flashcards by Farha Idrees, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Farha Idrees
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| define a dictatorship | a government controlled by a dictator (someone who has gained control through force) |
| What was Hitler's power as a chancellor? (from Jan 1933) | - the WC could control what the chancellor could do - Hindenburg still had most power as president - out of 12 members in his cabinet, only 2 were from the NSDAP - NSDAP members only made up a third of the Reichstag |
| Most people thought other politicians would strain Hitler- but Hitler was looking for a chance to increase his own power. What was his first opportunity? | His first opportunity was created by a fire at the Reichstag. |
| ~ The Reichstag Fire ~ | [ 27 Feb 1933 ] |
| Explain how the Reichstag led to an opportunity to attack the communists? | - On the evening of 27 Feb 1933, the Reichstag building was destroyed by a massive fire, by a young communist supporter, Marinus Van Der Lubbe- he was found guilty and then executed - However, this was not enogh for Hitler, so he claimed that Lubbe was part of a communist conspiracy against the government. |
| What happened after this claim Hitler made (that there was a communist conspiracy against the government)? | - 4000 communists were arrested that day - Hitler also used the fire to pressurize Hindenburg into declaring a state of emergency. -As long as Hindenburg supported him, Hitler could now use decrees to govern G - He then persuaded Hindenburg to call an election, in hope of more Nazi seats. |
| What did Hitler do to prepare for the election? | • issued the Decree for the Protection of the People and the State - this gave him power to imprison opponents and ban communist newspapers • controlled the country's police force - allowed him to ensure that people turned a blind eye to the violent activities of the SA • persuaded industrialist to bankroll the Nazi campaign - lots of money was donated to the party |
| ~ The Elections ~ | [ 5 March 1933 ] |
| Describe the elections | it was a bloody election campaign- violent clashes led to over 70 deaths |
| What were the results? | • the Nazis had increased their Reichstag members to 288 • Hitler used his temporary emergency powers to ban the Communist party out of its 87 seats |
| Why were the election results important? | They were CRUCIAL- Hitler now had enough votes to change the constitution of the Republic. |
| ~ The Enabling Act ~ | [ March 1933 ] |
| What is the full name of the law and what did it say? | → Law for the Removal of the Distress of the People and the Reich and it said: • the Reich Cabinet could pass new laws • those laws could overrule the constitution of the WR • the laws would be proposed by the Chancellor- Hitler |
| What did the Enabling Act do? | • changed the constitution • give Hitler the right to change the constitution |
| How was the Enabling Act passed? | • it was 444 votes to 94 • supported by the Nazis, the National Party and the Centre Party |
| Why was the Enabling Act so important? | it gave Hitler (and the Cabinet) the power to pass laws without the permission of the Reichstag |
| ~ The Night of Long Knives ~ | [ June 1934 ] |
| Hitler had Germany a one state party by the start of 1934 and wanted to make sure he was the only leader. But who was becoming a threat to him? | Ernest Rohm, leader of the SA |
| Why did Hitler (and others) think that Rohm was a threat to Hitler's position? | • the stormtroopers who loyal to Rohm, and were increasing in numbers believed that Hitler undervalued them • Rohm also opposed Hitler's policies, preferring more socialist views • German army officers also thought Rohm wanted the SA to replace the German army • the leaders of the SS also hated Rohm and wanted to reduce the power of the SA |
| How did Hitler remove this threat? | • He arranged a meeting with him and 100 other SA leaders at a hotel • they were immediately arrested and shot |
| What were the effects of this night? | • Von Papen was also caught • some Germans objected to the violence and some understood why • the SA continued after 1934 but it was firmly under Hitler's control |
| ~ The Death of Hindenburg ~ (aged 87) | [ 19 August 1934 ] |
| How did Hitler take over supreme power? | • he declared himself Fuhrer • decreed that as Fuhrer, he would add all of the President's powers to those he had as a Chancellor • he forced an oath of loyalty to him from every soldier in the army |
| 19 August- | -the Weimar Republic formally ended |
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