9470145
Description
Flashcards by Farha Idrees, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Farha Idrees
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is propaganda? | a way of controlling attitudes; it doesn't ban attitudes (like censorship does), but rather creates them; it uses vehicles for information, such as newspapers, posters, radio and film to put ideas into people's mind and therefore shape attitudes |
| Who is Joseph Goebbels? | • He was a key person in the Nazi effort to control and influence attitudes • he became the Nazi propaganda minister in 1933 |
| How did Goebbels make sure that the majority of Germans believed in Nazi ideals? | He did this by controlling the thoughts, beliefs and opinions of the German people; ALL aspects of the media were controlled he also realised that German people wanted to be entertained and that they did not want to watch obvious propaganda films |
| the press | • journalists were given regular briefings- containing info the government were willing to release and they were sometimes direct instructions on what to write • any newspaper which opposed Nazi views were closed down |
| the radio | - In the 1920s, Goebbels had already started to use the power of the radio in Nazi election campaigns, however in 1933, his power increased and he censored radio stations, instead using them to broadcast Nazi propaganda: • all radio stations were put under Nazi control • Hitler made frequent broadcasts • cheap mass-produced radios were sold to the public- these were soon everywhere • they were designed to have a short range; so they cannot pick up foreign stations |
| rallies | • similar to his use of radios, Goebbels also expanded his use of rallies- he made them bigger and more frequent • a mass rally was held each year to create a sense of German unity and advertise the strength of the Nazi part |
| cinema | - Goebbels also controlled the German film industry, and made sure films supported Nazi ideas - Cinemas had audiences of over 250 million in 1935: • films preceded with an official newsreel, showing Germany's achievements • all film makers had to send in plot details for approval • the Nazi party also made its own films • some films were obvious propaganda, but all of them had an underlying political message |
| sports | Goebbels also used sports as propaganda- by 'Nazifying' sport: • covering stadiums in swastikas and symbols • insisted that all teams perform the Nazi salute • hailing sports victories as victories for Nazi ideals |
| The Berlin Olympics of 1936 | The Olympics were a great opportunity for Hitler to use sport as propaganda and present the Nazis in a good light: • the Olympic stadium was covered in Nazi swastikas and other Nazi symbols • Germany won the most (33) medals- Goebbels hailed this as a success for Nazism • the games were filmed and then used for propaganda |
| define censorship | banning information or ideas; sometimes involves banning the vehicles for delivering ideas, such as newspapers, pictures, radio or film. Censorship therefore controls attitudes by FORBIDDING certain info or opinions |
| media | • newspapers flourished under the Nazis- but they had to provide with which the Ministry agreed, or face consequences • journalists were told what they could not publish- this is an example of censorship |
| the law | - another way Hitler controlled the country was by controlling and censoring what happened within the legal system - people were tried in courts which were extremely biased |
| the arts | - the Nazis had strong objections to many aspects of modern culture which had emerged during the WR - instead they liked cultural which stressed: • romantic ideas about Germany's past • Nazi ideals - In Sep 1933, they set up the Chamber of Culture, which covered the Arts of the country and banned cultural activity which they disagreed with and promoted culture which fitted Nazi beliefs |
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