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| Question | Answer |
| What are four main categories of symptoms for PTSD? | Reexperiencing the traumatic event; avoidance/numbing; Increased anxiety and emotional arousal; negative cognitive/emotional symptoms |
| The average recovery time for an eating disorder is _______years. | SEVEN |
| What are the categories of specific phobias? | (1)Animal; (2) Natural environment; (3) Blood-Injection-Injury; (4) Situational; (5) Other |
| What is the prevalence of specific phobias? How many of those diagnosed seek treatment? | Prevalence: 13% of people will be diagnosed with a specific phobia. Of these individuals; 10% seek treatment. |
| What are the main characteristics of Agoraphobia? | the individual fears that they might have trouble escaping or getting help if they become anxious. In addition, there is a fear of embarrassing oneself if others notice their symptoms or their efforts to escape during an attack |
| What is the average onset age for social anxiety disorders? | the onset is typically around the age of 13 years old |
| One biological explanation for social anxiety disorder is an oversensitivity in what area of the brain? | hypersensitive amygdala |
| What two primary areas of the brain are affected by panic disorder? | hypothalamus; amygdala |
| How can interoceptive conditioning bring about panic disorder? | r to classic conditioning except there are two conditioned stimuli and one unconditioned response; one or all are internal bodily responses. Most of the process, if not all of it is subconscious. |
| What are 5 risk factors for panic disorder? | anxiety sensitivity; smoking; asthma; physical and/or childhood abuse; first degree relatives with panic disorder OR bipolar disorder |
| How long must symptoms be present for separation anxiety disorder to be diagnosed? | The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is persistent, lasting at least 4 weeks in children and adolescents and typically 6 months or more in adults. |
| Obsession | Obsessions are involuntary, seemingly uncontrollable thoughts, images, or impulses |
| Compulsions | are behaviors or rituals that you feel driven to act out again and again; usually performed in an attempt to make obsessions go away. |
| 5 Common categories for OCD patients | (1) Washers; (2) Checkers; (3) Doubters and sinners; (4) Counters and arrangers; (5) Hoarders f |
| Describe Exposure and response prevention and how it is used to treat OCD | involves repeated exposure to the source of your obsession. Then you are asked to refrain from the compulsive behavior you’d usually perform to reduce your anxiety. |
| antisocial behaviors are associated with what gene? | associated with MAOA gene |
| How does socioeconomic class influence development of disorders? What is the Casino example? | Casino example: on reservations; when a casino is built it enriches the socioeconomic status of tribe members which in turn leads to less violence across reservation, especially among youth |
| What are three of five key features of antisocial personality disorder? | (1) impaired ability to form healthy relationships; (2) tendency to violate basic social norms, rights; (3) focus on extreme self-gratification; (4) lack of remorse; (5) low impulse control |
| Intermittent explosive disorder requires that you be diagnosed at age ___ or older | AGE SIX |
| Intermittent explosive disorder is characterized by... | engaging in relatively frequent and severe impulsive acts of aggression |
| What are the 3 subtypes of ADHD? | -combined presentation -predominantly inattentive presentation -predominantly hyperactive/impulsive presentation |
| Describe three symptoms of inattention | -easily distracted, miss details, forget things,, frequently switch from one activity to another -have difficulty focusing on one thing -become bored with task after only a few minutes unless it is something enjoyable -trouble completing and turning in homework/completing tasks/activities, often losing things -not seem to listen when spoken to -daydream, easily confused, and move slowly -difficulty processing information quickly and accurately compared to peers -struggle to follow instructions |
| Describe three symptoms of hyperactivity | -fidgeting, squirming -talking nonstop -dash around, touching or playing with everything in sight -have trouble sitting still during dinner, school, and story time -constantly in motion -have difficulty doing quiet tasks or activities |
| describe three symptoms of impulsivity | -very impatient -blurt out inappropriate comments, show their emotions without restraint, and act without regard to consequences -have difficulty waiting for things they want or waiting their turn -often interrupt conversations or others’ activities |
| What must clinicians/physicians rule out before diagnosing ADHD? | -is experiencing undetected seizures -has middle ear infection causing hearing problems -has undetected hearing or vision problems -has any medical problems that affect thinking and behavior -has a learning disability -has anxiety or depression, or other psychiatric problems that might cause ADHD-like symptoms -has been affected by significant/sudden change |
| What are four primary Medication treatments for ADHD | -Methylphenidate (Ritalin, metadata, concerta, daytrana) -Amphetamine (Adderall) -Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine, Dextrostat) -in 2002, the FDA approved the non-stimulant medication atomoxetine (Strattera) for use in treatment for ADHD. Monitor for suicidal behaviors |
| Autism Spectrum Disorder is characterized by Impairment in what two fundamental behavior domains? | (1)Deficits in social interactions and communications (2) Deficits in restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests and activities |
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