League of Nations

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1. President Wilson
   1. Wanted a world parliament
      1. People in USA opposed to join the league
         1. The reasons were
            1. League was supposed to enforce the treaty of Versailles
            2. If the league imposed sanctions it might be American trade that suffered most
            3. Some feared that joining the league meant sending US soldiers to every little conflict
            4. Some feared that the league would be dominated by France and Britain
2. President Lloyd George
3. President Lloyd George
4. President Clemenceau
   1. Wanted a strong league with its own army
      1. France main concern was Germany
5. President Lloyd George
6. President Lloyd George
7. President Lloyd George
8. President Lloyd George
   1. Wanted simple organisation
      1. An organization like this already existed
         1. It was The Conference of Ambassadors
9. President Lloyd George
10. President Lloyd George

1. Encourage countries to cooperate
   1. Especially in businesses and trades
2. Encourage nations to disarm
3. To improve the living and working conditions
4. Discourage aggression from any nation

1. The Council
   1. It was a smaller group than the assembly
   2. It included
      1. Permanent members
         1. France Britain Italy Japan
      2. Temporary members
         1. They were elected by the assembly for 3 years periods.
   3. Could use a range of powers
      1. Moral condemnation
      2. Economic and financial sanctions
      3. Military force
2. The assembly
   1. Was the leagues parliament. Every country send a representative to the assembly.
   2. Only met once a year.
3. The permanent court of international justice
   1. It played a key role in settling disputes between countries
4. The secretariat
   1. It was a sort of civil service and it kept record of league meetings
5. International labor organization
   1. It improved the working conditions of people throughout the world
6. The league of nation commissions
   1. The mandates commissions
      1. It’s job was to report to the league on how people in mandates were treated
   2. The refugees committee
      1. At the end of the First World War there were hundred of refugees who had fled from areas of conflict
   3. The slavery commission
      1. It worked to abolish slavery around the world.
   4. The health committee
      1. The health committee attempted to deal with the problem of dangerous diseases and educate people about health an sinitation

1. Vilna, 1920
   1. Poland and Lithuania were new states created by after war treaties
      1. Vilna was the capital of Lithuania
         1. Problem was that their habitants were mostly polish
            1. For that reason Polish army decided to take control of it
               1. Lithuania asked the league for help
                  1. The league protested to Poland but they didn’t obey
                     1. British and French army could be sent but the countries had major problems
                        1. The French didn’t want to attack the Polish because they could be an ally of Germany
                        2. Britain was not prepared to send their troops alone to the other side of Europe
2. Upper Silesia, 1921
   1. It was an industrial region on the border of Germany and Poland
      1. A plebiscite was organized for Silesians
         1. In order to vote on which country they wished to join
            1. Industrial areas voted for Germany
            2. Rural areas voted for Poland
               1. The League decided to divide the region among this areas
                  1. The countries accepted and made arrangements for water and power supplies
3. Aaland islands, 1921
   1. Sweden and Finland wanted control of the islands
      1. It was in the midway between the two countries
      2. The problem was taken to the league
         1. After studying closely the islands, they were given to Finland
4. Corfu, 1923
   1. Greece and Albania wanted the Corfu island
      1. League gave the job to the Italian general Tellini
         1. On 27 august Tellini and their team were surveying the Greek side
            1. Tellini and his team were ambushed and killed
               1. The Italian leader Mussolini got furious and blamed the Greek government
                  1. Although Greece had no idea who the murderers were
                  2. On 31 august Mussolini bombarded and occupied the island of Corfu
                     1. The League condemned Mussolini’s actions
                        1. They suggested that Greece pay compensation if the murderers were found
                           1. Behind the scenes Mussolini worked with the ambassadors to get the money
                              1. Finally Greece had to pay compensation to Italy
5. Bulgaria, 1925
   1. In October 1925 Greek troops invaded bulgaria
      1. Because there was an incident in which some Greeks soldiers were killed in the border
         1. Bulgaria appealed for help
            1. The league condemned the Greek action
               1. Greece had to pull out and pay compensation
                  1. Greeks obeyed but they complained that it seemed to be one rule for larger states and other for samlller ones

1. The league also aimed to fight poverty and injustice
   1. Refugees
      1. The league returned refugees and prisoners of war back to their homelands
         1. It is estimated that about 400,000 prisoners were sent back to their home
   2. Working conditions
      1. The international labour organization
         1. They limited hours of child’s labour
         2. They campaigned strongly to improve working conditions
   3. Health
      1. The Health Committee
         1. Worked hard to defeat leprosy
         2. Started global campaign to exterminate mosquitoes
            1. Later it reduced cases of malaria and yellow fever
   4. Transport
      1. They made recommendations on marking shipping lines
      2. Produced an international Highway Code for road users
   5. Social problems
      1. They blacklisted companies involved on illegal drug trade
      2. They freed 200,000 slaves
      3. Organized raids against slave owners

1. After the First World
   1. Everyone wanted to avoid repeating the mass slaughter
   2. Everyone agreed that a League of Nations would help achieve peace