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WLAN Concepts

Introduction to Wireless
1. Types of Wireless Networks
  1. WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Networks)
    1. Short range (20 to 30ft)
  2. WLAN (Wireless Local Area Networks)
    1. Medium range (300ft)
  3. WMAN (Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks)
    1. Larger geographic area
  4. WWAN (Wireless Wide Area Networks)
    1. Extensive geographic area
2. Wireless Technologies
  1. Bluethooth
  2. WiMAX
  3. Cellular Broadband
  4. Satellite Broadband
3. Radio Frequencies
  1. 2.4 GHz (UHF)
  2. 5 GHz (SHF)
4. Wireless Standards Organizations
  1. ITU
  2. IEEE
  3. Wi-Fi Alliance
WLAN Components
1. Wireless Home Router
  1. Access point
    1. Autonomous APs
    2. Controller-based APs
  2. Switch
  3. Router
2. Wireless Antennas
  1. Omnidireccional
  2. Directional
  3. MIMO
WLAN Operation
1. 802.11 Wireless Topology Modes
  1. Ad hoc mode
  2. Infraestructure mode
  3. Tethering
2. BSS
3. ESS
4. Frame Structure
  1. Frame Control
  2. Duration
  3. Address 1
  4. Address 2
  5. Address 3
  6. Sequence control
  7. Address 4
  8. Payload
  9. FCS
5. Wireless Client and AP Association
  1. Discover a wireless AP
  2. Authentication with AP
  3. Associate with AP
6. Passive mode
7. Active Mode
CAPWAP Operation
1. Protocol that enables a WLC to manage multiple APs and WLANs
  1. Split MAC Architecture
    1. AP
    2. WLC
  2. DTLS Encryption
    1. Protocol which provides security between the AP and the WLC
  3. FlexConnect APs
    1. Connected mode
    2. Standalone mode
Channel Management
1. Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)
2. Frecuency-Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)
3. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
WLAN Threats
1. Wireless Attacks
  1. Interception of data
  2. Wireless intruders
  3. DoS
    1. Improperly configured devices
    2. A malicious user intentionally interfering with the wireless communication
    3. Accidental interference
  4. Rogue APs
    1. AP or wireless router that has been connected to a corporate network without explicit authorization and against corporate policy.
  5. Man in the middle (MITM)
    1. The hacker is positioned in between two legitimate entities in order to read or modify the data that passes between the two parties.
Secure WLANs
1. SSID Cloaking
2. MAC Adresses Filtering
3. Open system authentication
4. Shared key authentication
  1. WEP
  2. WPA
  3. WPA2
  4. WPA3
5. Autenticating a Home User
  1. Personal
  2. Enterprise
6. Encryption Methods
  1. TKIP
  2. AES
7. Authentication in the Enterprise
  1. RADIUS Server IP address
  2. UDP port numbers
  3. Shared key

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WLAN Concepts

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	Created by Jonathan Rendon over 6 years ago