Chapters 1 and 2

Before the 21st century
1. Knowledge was a "trasmission"
21st century and beyond
1. Knowledge is "constructed"
Learning and teaching
1. Both are influenced by each other
  1. Learning outcomes and assessment
    1. Learning is reaffirmed by assessment
Terminologies
1. Strategy
  1. The ways to assess
2. Technique
  1. The procedures and processes
3. Tool
  1. The measuring tool
What´s the difference?
1. Test
  1. Set of items to measure performance
    1. Level of knowledge
    2. skills
    3. Attitude
2. Evaluation
  1. Judgement for further action
    1. Impact and effectiveness of the intended aims
3. Measurement
  1. Number of points obtained
    1. A "score" that measures students´performance
4. Assessment
  1. Ongoing collection of information about learners´ performance
    1. Feedback
Testing purpose
1. Create
  1. A sense of accomplishment
2. Encourage
  1. Improvement
3. Determine
  1. Objectives achievement
4. Inform
  1. Learners and educators
    1. Strenghts and weaknesses
5. Motivate
  1. To review
  2. To consolidate
6. Guide
  1. Planning
    1. Teaching process
Assessment
1. A collection of information about learners´ capabilities and knowledge
  1. Functions
    1. Assessment of learning
      1. Summative
        Scoring or grading
        Final exam grade
        Example
    2. Assessment for learning
      1. Formative
        Ongoing
        Oral feedback after a task
        Example
    3. Assessment as learning
      1. self-assessment
        Reflective
        Journals
        Example
2. Interaction
  1. Understand learners achievements
3. Role
  1. Enhances the learning process
4. Diagnostic
  1. Learners are capable of diagnose their problems and make improvements
5. Nature
  1. Descriptive
Types of evaluation
1. Diagnostic
  1. Tracking learners based on their levels
    1. Achievement test
    2. Performance test
    3. Interview
2. Placement
  1. Place learners in a specific group or level
    1. tracking
    2. Streaming
    3. Grouping
3. Formative
  1. On-going feedback
4. Benchmark
  1. Informs policymakers of intervention
5. Criterion reference
  1. Compares individual performance to the standard criteria
6. Summative
  1. Scoring or grading
7. Norm reference
  1. Compares individual performance to that of a larger group
Measurement scales
1. Scale
  1. Mechanism to distinguish students from one another on the interest variable
2. Nominal
  1. Categorized
    1. Male/female
3. Ordinal
  1. Ranked
    1. Good/bad
4. Ratio
  1. Interval data with baseline
    1. Age/hight/weight
5. Interval
  1. Integers
    1. 50%-70%
Principals and concepts of assessment
1. Bias-free
2. Fairness
3. Valid and reliable
4. Measures the outcomes alredy stipulated
5. Feasible
  1. time
  2. location
  3. environment
6. Crearly marks scheme and assessment tool
Traditional assessment
1. Alternative assessment
  1. Depends on direct measurements
  2. Critical thinking
  3. Interactive performance
  4. variety of written and performance measurments
  5. Performance-based assessment
    1. Learners apply the knowledge obtained from a unit/s of study
      1. Creation of a product or completion of a process
        Using high-order thinking skills
      2. Subjetive judgement based on the criteria already designed
  6. Authentic assessment
    1. Learners perform language skills in real-world contexts
      1. Evaluated using a rubric
  7. Common strategies
    1. Peer assesment
      1. Giving feedback to a classmate
    2. Self-assessment
      1. Reflect on own work
    3. Group assessment
      1. Learners are assessed as a group
  8. Techniques
    1. Project
      1. Learners appy their knowledge by making an in-depth investigation of a topic
    2. Interview
      1. Assesing learner´s oral production
        Carried out between the teacher and the student
    3. Technology-based
      1. Using electronic devices as the means to assess learners
    4. Oral production
      1. Assessing learners communication skills by questioning them
    5. Portfolio
      1. Learners collect evidence of their work throughout the course
2. Depends on proxy measurements of learning
3. Memorisation
4. Non-interactive performance
5. Forced-choiced and written measurements

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Chapters 1 and 2

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	Created by Valeria Lisbeth Martínez Bonilla over 2 years ago