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Preparedness Measures
- Land Use Regulations
- Land Use Regulations are a set of rules implemented to
restrict building developments in certain areas.
- A use of land use regulation is the prohibition of constructing new buildings near
areas at risk of Liquefaction. Liquefaction being the process at which vibration from
an earthquake case saturated soil to flow like liquid
- This helps to limit the impact of the earthquake by preventing
the loss of lives due to collapse of infrastructure and residential
buildings.
- These regulations are commonly implemented in the
United States of America, in areas at risk of major
Liquefaction such as Memphis.
- These regulations are commonly implemented in the
United States of America, in areas at risk of major
Liquefaction such as Memphis.
- However, in implementing Land Use Regulations, one
concern is that they may often need to be carried out in
area which may already be built - up or are privately
owned, in these cases, the government authorities
would have to buy the land from private owners,
compensate those who have to move and put in place
effective protection measures.
- This helps to limit the impact of the earthquake by preventing
the loss of lives due to collapse of infrastructure and residential
buildings.
- A use of land use regulation is the prohibition of constructing new buildings near
areas at risk of Liquefaction. Liquefaction being the process at which vibration from
an earthquake case saturated soil to flow like liquid
- Land Use Regulations are a set of rules implemented to
restrict building developments in certain areas.
- Building Design
- Effective building design can reduce the collapse of
buildings and minimise the damage caused by an
earthquake.
- Steel and reinforced concrete are able to withstand
earthquakes better the more brittle materials such as
non-reinforced concrete.
- Taipei 101, a building in Taiwan, is made
of steel and reinforced concrete.
- Taipei 101, a building in Taiwan, is made
of steel and reinforced concrete.
- However, constructing buildings that can withstand potential
earthquakes adds to the cost construction and maintainence of
buildings.
- If the conversion of buildings to include earthquake-resistant features is too
expensive, buildings would be demolished and rebuilt.
- This was a policy adopted by the local
government of Beijing, China, in 2011.
- This was a policy adopted by the local
government of Beijing, China, in 2011.
- If the conversion of buildings to include earthquake-resistant features is too
expensive, buildings would be demolished and rebuilt.
- Steel and reinforced concrete are able to withstand
earthquakes better the more brittle materials such as
non-reinforced concrete.
- Effective building design can reduce the collapse of
buildings and minimise the damage caused by an
earthquake.
- Infrastructure Development
- Infrastructure needs to be developed with advanced
engineering to withstand the vibration associated with
an earthquake.
- Developing Infrastructure to resist
earthquakes is more costly.
- These benefits include fewer lives lost, faster rescue and
evacuations, and less money spent on recovery for the
affected area.
- Roads, bridges and dams can be built to resist
the shaking of the ground so that they do not collapse, or
can be easily repaired if they collapse.
- Although reinforced infrastructure remains untested until an
earthquake occurs, past earthquake events in Chile, Japan and
California have demonstrated the benefits of reinforced
infrastructure.
- Although reinforced infrastructure remains untested until an
earthquake occurs, past earthquake events in Chile, Japan and
California have demonstrated the benefits of reinforced
infrastructure.
- Roads, bridges and dams can be built to resist
the shaking of the ground so that they do not collapse, or
can be easily repaired if they collapse.
- Developing Infrastructure to resist
earthquakes is more costly.
- Infrastructure needs to be developed with advanced
engineering to withstand the vibration associated with
an earthquake.
- Emergency Drills
- People take part in emergency drills by
moving to sage locations, listening to
instructions given by trained personnel and
practicing first aid.
- Emergency drills help raise awareness among
the population and reduces levels of panic and
irrational behaviour during an event.
- Japan conducts emergency drills on 1st September every year since 1960 to commemorate Disaster
Prevention Day. People from all over japan are involved inthe annual Disaster Prevention Day, where
an earthquake of high magnitude is simulated.
- Japan conducts emergency drills on 1st September every year since 1960 to commemorate Disaster
Prevention Day. People from all over japan are involved inthe annual Disaster Prevention Day, where
an earthquake of high magnitude is simulated.
- However, emergency drills are often
designed based on the most serious
earthquake ever recorded in the area in
the past.
- As the earthquake that occurred in Tohoku, Japan, In 2011 was on a scale
never experienced before in Japan, the emergency drills and evacuation
plans were inadequate to prevent the devastation of the areas affected by
the earthquake.
- As the earthquake that occurred in Tohoku, Japan, In 2011 was on a scale
never experienced before in Japan, the emergency drills and evacuation
plans were inadequate to prevent the devastation of the areas affected by
the earthquake.
- Emergency drills help raise awareness among
the population and reduces levels of panic and
irrational behaviour during an event.
- People take part in emergency drills by
moving to sage locations, listening to
instructions given by trained personnel and
practicing first aid.
- Use of Technology
- Technology can be used to help predict when an Earthquake or a Tsunami will
happen, this thus provides an earlier warning to affected areas to take
necessary action.
- Earthquake monitoring and
warning systems
- Earthquakes can be monitored by studying
the history of when and where earthquakes
have occurred. This provides an estimation
of the frequency and magnitude of
earthquakes at particular fault lines. In this
way, earthquakes can be predicted.
- Earthquake sensors are installed on
bridges and roads in Japan.
- Earthquake sensors are installed on
bridges and roads in Japan.
- Earthquake sensors are expensive to
obtain, install and use. An earthquake
usually occurs seconds after a warning
is sounded. Therefore, warnings may
nor provide sufficient time for an
evacuation
- Earthquakes can be monitored by studying
the history of when and where earthquakes
have occurred. This provides an estimation
of the frequency and magnitude of
earthquakes at particular fault lines. In this
way, earthquakes can be predicted.
- Tsunami monitoring and
warning systems
- A network of pressure sensors,
seismographs and deep ocean tsunami
detectors are located in Hawaii, United
States of America, to monitor and forecast
the path of tsunamis.
- However, deep-ocean tsunami detectors are prone to giving false
alarms when waves are high and there is little time to evacuate once
an approaching tsunami is detected
- A network of pressure sensors,
seismographs and deep ocean tsunami
detectors are located in Hawaii, United
States of America, to monitor and forecast
the path of tsunamis.
- Earthquake monitoring and
warning systems
- Technology can be used to help predict when an Earthquake or a Tsunami will
happen, this thus provides an earlier warning to affected areas to take
necessary action.
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