Skeletons

Description

Mind Map on Skeletons, created by Trinity Liao on 06/18/2014.
Trinity Liao
Mind Map by Trinity Liao, updated more than 1 year ago
Trinity Liao
Created by Trinity Liao over 10 years ago
23
1

Resource summary

Skeletons
  1. WHAT IS IT?
    1. a living framework inside the body
      1. supports and shapes the body
        1. allows us to move
          1. average of 206 bones in an adult
            1. anchors the muscles to help us move
              1. without the skeletal system, the body would collapse into a shapeless heap
                1. acts as a storage for calcium
                  1. protects the important organs of the body
                  2. TYPES OF BONES
                    1. SKULL/CRANIUM
                      1. protects the important organs (brain and the senses)
                        1. made up of two types of bones (facial and cranial bones)
                          1. 22 flat and irregular bones
                            1. shapes the face
                              1. bones are locked together by joints called sutures
                                1. forms the mouth
                                2. CORE OF THE BODY
                                  1. consists of the ribcage
                                    1. spine, ribs and sternum
                                      1. holds the body upright
                                        1. flexible
                                          1. supports the centre of the body and the head
                                            1. allows us to bend
                                              1. consists of bones called 'vertebrae'
                                                1. 26 vertebrae in the spine
                                                2. UPPER/LOWER LIMB
                                                  1. UPPER LIMB
                                                    1. 27 bones in both hands
                                                      1. The hands contain over a quarter of the skeleton’s bones
                                                        1. Bones in arms are flexible
                                                          1. Shoulder joint allows movement in arms
                                                          2. LOWER LIMB
                                                            1. Leg bones support and move the body
                                                              1. Helps us stay in balance + stay upright
                                                                1. Femur is the biggest and strongest bone
                                                                  1. 26 bones in each foot
                                                                2. REST OF THE SKELETON
                                                                  1. protects organ in abdomen
                                                                    1. hips and pelvis forms a bowl-shaped ring of bones
                                                                      1. connects the legs to the backbone
                                                                        1. pelvis is different in men and women
                                                                        2. bones vary in size and shape
                                                                          1. the size and shape of the bone depends on its role
                                                                            1. every bone in the body falls into one of the four types (long, short, flat or irregular bones)
                                                                            2. STRUCTURE INSIDE A BONE
                                                                              1. bone has a hard outer layer and an light inner layer
                                                                                1. bone tissue is made up of calcium phosphate and fibres of collagen
                                                                                  1. centre of the bone is a cavity containing bone marrow
                                                                                    1. bone marrow makes blood cells
                                                                                      1. compact bone tissue is very dense and heavy
                                                                                        1. inside the compact bone is a layer of cancellous bone
                                                                                          1. a thin membrane called periosteum, covers each bone
                                                                                            1. periosteum contains nerves and blood vessels
                                                                                            2. DEVELOPMENT
                                                                                              1. When a baby is born, their skeleton is built of flexible cartilage
                                                                                                1. As we grow, cartilage is replaced with harder bone
                                                                                                  1. When a baby is born, the skull bones are linked by softer membranes called fontanelles
                                                                                                    1. Fontanelles allow the skull to expand to make room for the brain
                                                                                                      1. By the time a baby reaches 18 months, the fontanelles are replaced with bones
                                                                                                        1. The face of a baby are smaller than the skull
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