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110798
Biological molecules
Description
A level Biology (Biological molecules) Mind Map on Biological molecules, created by mbaker25 on 05/27/2013.
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biological molecules
biology
biology
biological molecules
a level
Mind Map by
mbaker25
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
mbaker25
over 11 years ago
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Resource summary
Biological molecules
Water
Polar molecule
Very cohesive
Helps water flow
Unshared electrons
Delta positive hydrogens
Delta negative oxygen
Good solvent
Hydrogen bonding
High specific heat capacity
hydrogen bonds absorb a lot of energy
reduces rapid temperature changes, allowing stable temperatures
High latent heat of evaporation
Takes a lot of heat energy to break the hydrogen bonds
useful for cooling
Carbohydrates
Glucose (monosaccharides)
alpha glucose
beta glucose
Monosaccharides join together to form disaccharides and polysaccharides
Joined by glycosidic bond
Starch
Energy storage in plants
Amylose
Long chains of alpha glucose
1,4-glycosidic bonds
Amylopectin
Branched chains of alpha glucose
1,4-glycosidic bonds
1,6-glycosidic bonds
Insoluble
Glycogen
Energy storage in animals
Lots of branched chains of alpha glucose
Release energy quickly
Compact
Cellulose
Long chains of beta glucose
Linked by hydrogen bonds
Form microfibrils
Structural support
Lipids
Triglycerides
Energy storage
One glycerol molecule and three fatty acid molecules
Insoluble
Long hydrocarbon tail
Contains lots of chemical energy
Phospholipids
One glycerol molecule, two fatty acid molecules and a phosphate group
Phosphate group is ionised
Attracts water molecules
Controls what enters and leaves a cell
Cholestrol
Hydrocarbon rings, a hydrocarbon tail and a hydroxyl group
soluble in water
Insoluble in blood
Carried around the body by lipoproteins
Small size and flattened shape
Fit between the phospholipid molecules
Binds to the hydrophobic tails
Causing the phospholipids to pack closer together
Less fluid and more rigid
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