Acute Confusional State / Dementia

Annotations:

• Surgical Sieve: MEDIC THAI PIN Metabolic, Endocrine, Degenerative, Infective, Congenital Trauma, Hematology, Autoimmune, Idiopathic/Iatrogenic Psychologica, Inflammatory, Neoplastic

1. Metabolic (4)
   1. Hypoxia
   2. Electrolytes (Hyponatraemia, hypercalcaemia)
   3. Glucose (hypo/hyper)
   4. Organ impairment (liver/kidney)
2. Endocrine (3)
   1. Thyroid (hypo/hyper)
   2. Parathyroid (hypo/hyper)
   3. Cushing's
3. Degenerative (0)
   1. None (not acute)
4. Hypoperfusion
   1. Shock, Heart failure, Arrhythmias
5. Haematological (1)
   1. Anaemia

      Annotations:

      • Hypoperfusion caused by anaemia
6. Other
   1. Urinary retention
   2. Fecal impactation
   3. Brain lesions
   4. Post-ictal state
7. Trauma
8. Psychological
9. Inflammatory
10. Neoplastic
    1. Brain tumours
11. Idiopathic/Iatrogenic (5)

    Annotations:

    • Common Cause!
    1. Post-op
    2. Drugs (benzos, anticholinergics, steroids)
    3. Substances (alcohol, heroin, cannabis, LSD)
    4. Toxins (CO, heavy metals)
    5. Withdrawal (opoids, alcohol, benzos)
12. Infection (5)

    Annotations:

    • Common Cause
    1. UTI, pneumonia, sepsis, viral, meningitis

Annotations:

• ICD-10, not induced by alcohol or other psychoactive substances

1. Reduced awareness of environment
2. Impaired ability to sustain, focus and shift attention
3. Disturbance of cognition
   1. Disorientation to time, place and person
   2. Impaired immediate recall, remote memory relatively intact