Chemistry- Ions in solutions

Acids= Substances with a pH less than 7 are called acids
Annotations:
- Their universal indicator colour is red if it is a strong acid and orange or yellow if they are weak. Acids turn blue litmus paper red.
In the pH scale below 7 = acids, 7= neutral and above 7 = alkalis.
Alkalis= Alkaline solutions have a pH of more than 7.
Annotations:
- Their universal indicator is dark blue or purple if they are strong alkalis and blue-green if they are weak. Alkali turn red litmus paper blue.
Bases= Substances that can react with acids and neutralise them to make a salt and water are called bases.
Neutral Solutions= Neutral solutions have a pH of 7. They do not change the color of litmus paper but they turn universal indicator green. Water is neutral
When acids react with bases, a salt and water are made. This reaction is called neutralisation. e.g. acid + metal oxide = salt + water
Acid + metal carbonate = salt + water + carbon dioxide
1. Acids will also react with reactive metals, such as magnesium and zinc and the group 1 elements, to make a salt and hydrogen e.g. acid + metal = salt + hydrogen
When atoms or groups lose or gain electrons, charged particles called ions are formed. Ions can be either positively or negatively charged

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	Created by omega_rvb7 over 10 years ago