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1266086
Human Biochemistry (HL)
Description
Mind Map on Human Biochemistry (HL), created by izzy.evans222 on 09/10/2014.
Mind Map by
izzy.evans222
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
izzy.evans222
over 10 years ago
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Resource summary
Human Biochemistry (HL)
Energy & Amino Acids
Food Calorimetry
Heat evolved = mass of water x specific heat capacity of water x temperature rise
Energy
Women = 2000 kcal
Men = 3500 kcal
Amino Acids & Polypetides
Condensation reactions
2 amino acids condensed = dipeptide + water
Tripeptide = 3 x amino aicds
Structure & Uses of Proteins
Structure
20 naturally occuring
Primary
Fixed number of amino residues in a strict sequence
Secondary
The way the protein folds itself due to intramolecular forces
Hydrogen bonding
alpha helix
beta-pleated
Teriary
Folding to create a 3D shape
hydrogen bonds, ven der Waals attraction to non polar
ionic attraction between polar groups
Disulfide bridges
Quaternary
Separarte polypepetide chains interact together, form more complex structure
Haem
Uses
Biological Catalysts
Structure e.g. hair & nails
Energy
Analysis of Proteins
Paper Chromatography
1. paper placed in solvent (eleunt)
Capillary action
2. amino acids partition themselves between eleunt & paper
3. dryed & sprayed with ninhydrin
Rf value
Electrophoresis
Structure depends on pH
Low pH, amine protonated
High pH, carboxcylic lose proton
Isoelectric point
1. sample placed & potential difference applied
2. depending on pH, move at different rates to +ve & -ve electrodes
3.isoelectric point, sample stops
4. sprayed with ninhydrin
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
emp. CH2O
C=O group
2 x -OH groups
Glucose
alpha - H on top
beta - OH on top
Polysaccharides
Mono condense
Glycosidic link + water
Functions
Energy
Energy store
Precursors
Dietary fibre
Lipids (1)
Fats & Oils
condensation reactions
Saturated = no C=C
Unsaturated = C=C
Phosolipds
glycerol, linked 2 x fatty acids, phosphate linked to a nitrate containing alcohol
Glycerol link = esterifiction
Phosphate link = condensation
Cholesterol
HDL'S and LDL'S
Lipids (2)
Essential Fatty Acids
Hydrolysis of Fats
Determining Iodine Number
Roles of Lipids
Micro and Macro Nutrients
Defintions
Vitamins
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin C
Malnutrition
Hormones
Adrenaline
Sex Hormones
Thyroxine
Insulin
Oral Contraceptives
Anabolic Steriods
HL Enzymes
Catalytic Activity & Active Site
Enzyme Kinetics
Competitive & Non-competitive Inhibtion
Effect of Temp,pH and Heavy Metal Ions
HL Nucleic Acids
HL The Genetic Code
Genetic Code
DNA Profiling
HL Respiration
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Electron Transport
Haemoglobin
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