Industrial Revolution

Inventions
1. Cotton-the flying shuttle 1773. The flying shuttle sped up the cotton industry but it was still pretty slow and could not accommodate the amount of cotton coming in.
  1. The spinning Jenny-1764 . It could produce 8 threads at once and was powered by hand. Although the thread it produced was it not very strong.
    1. 1768- Arkwright's spinning frame. It was heavy and used horse power but was simple to operate and produced thicker and stronger thread.
Transport - as the population was growing along with businesses, people needed to be able to get around quicker and transport more goods faster.
1. 1750-People mainly travelled by water as it was a cheaper way to transport goods. Some roads were being improved but journeys took a long time.London-Edinburgh by boat- 1 week by road-10-12 days
  1. 1825-There were now 20,000 miles of well surfaced turn pike roads. Many canals had been built and a network of water ways linked the most important areas. Journey from Edinburgh took 3 to 5 days by boat and 46 hours by road
    1. The first steam train railway opened and was transporting coal and passengers from Stockton to Darlington. The trains carried about 120 passengers, and took an hour and 40 mins. (picture)
    2. 1900-Railways served all of Britain and helped unite Britain. The journey from London to Edinburgh took 30 hours by boat, at least 46 hours by road and 9 hours by train. Bicycles were a common sight and cars had been invented but were unable to go faster than 14/hr/
Trade and empire
1. The slave trade was the most important part of Britains trade. It bought in new imports from across the world including tea, coffee and cotton.
  1. It provided many jobs and produced enormous profits which were sometimes used to invest in British inventions and industries
  2. Due to the amount of goods coming in Britain needed many docks to cope. In 1700 Liverpool had been a small sea port with a population of 5000 by 1800 Liverpool was a successful city of 78,000. Liverpool also gained a lot of money from the slave trade. In the 1780s Liverpool made over £1 million profit a year from the slave trade.
    1. In 1800 Britain was the wealthiest trading nation. London's port was the greatest in the world and was also very busy. Due to this many new docks were built to cope with the large amount of incoming goods.
Agriculture
1. During the eighteenth century farming improved a lot.
  1. New tools and machinery were made and became cheaper as the iron industry grew. By the end of the eighteenth century a horse-powered threshing machine was developed
  2. New crops were grown- these crops also put nourishment back into the soil.
  3. Animals got bigger, by careful breeding and better feeding. Farm animals became heavier, stronger and healthier.
  4. As the population grew so did the need for food so the price of food rose.
  5. Farmers made money by making their land more efficient and productive and rose rents. Landlords made sure tenants would use successfully use the new methods.
One thing that made the industrial revolution in Britain possible was the fact it was rich in many raw materials. So when raw materials such as coal or iron were needed they were immediately ready to be exploited. Other materials such as cotton had to be imported and this was done by trade.

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Industrial Revolution

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	Created by funnybunny1900 over 10 years ago