Drugs 2

Drugs

Alpha Adrenergic Agonists (Antihypertensive)
1. Action: bind to a-receptors on vascular smooth muscle and induce smooth contraction and vasconstriction, thus mimicking the effects of sympathetic adrenergic nerve activation to the blood vessels.
  1. Common Side Effects: Dry Mouth Sedation Bradycardia Nasal Muscosa
    1. Monitor: BP
    2. Generic Name & Trade Name: Clonidine (Catapres)
2. Treats: Hypertension
Warfarin (Coumadin)
1. Treats: Thrombosis
  1. Used to reduce the formation of blood clots.
    1. Avoid green leafy vegtables
  2. Common Side Effects: Spontaneous Bleeding
2. Action: ANTICOAGULANT that antagonizes vitamin K, which is necessary for the synthesis of clotting factors VII. IX, X, and prothrombin. As a result,, it disrupts the coagulation cascade.
Laxatives
1. Treats: Constipation
  1. Generic & Trade Name: Docusate (Colace)
2. Softens stool
  1. Monitor: I&O
    1. Common Side Effects: Cramping Diarrhea Bloating
Fluoroquinolones (Antibiotic)
1. Action: Bactericidal; inhibits DNA enzyme that interferes with replication; is considered broad spectrum against most gram-negative and some gram-positive bacteria, but not against anaerobic infections.
  1. Avoid antacids, iron supplements, and diary products SIX HOURS AFTER taking medication
  2. Generic & Trade Names: Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
2. Treats: Bacterial Infections
  1. Common Side Effects: Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Dizziness Headache Restlessness Abdominal Pain
Corticosteroids
1. Action: Suppress the inflammatory and immune systems by inhibiting synthesis of chemical mediators-- prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and histamine. Decrease inflammation which then reduces swelling, warmth, redness, and pain.
  1. Causes severe fatigue, weakness, joint pain, and body aches when it is not taken as prescribed.
2. Modifies normal immune response
  1. Wear a Medi-Alert bracelet
    1. Generic & Trade Names: Prednisone
3. Monitor: I&O & Potassium and Glucose levels
  1. Always ends in ONE
4. Daily doses need to increase during stress
  1. Common Side Effects: Increased risk of new infection, hyperglycemia (glucose intolerant), cushing syndrome
Digitalis Glycosides (Antihypertensive)
1. Action: Increases the force of myocardial contraction.
  1. Increased cardiac output and slowing of the heart rate.
    1. Monitor: BP & Apical Pulse (for 1 full minute)
      1. Withhold medication of bpm is under 60.
    2. Generic & Trade Name: Digoxin - Lanoxin
      1. Treats: CHF and Atrial Fibrillation
        Can lead to Digitalis Toxicity - high levels of digitalis in the body. Side effects: Nausea, Diarrhea, Blurred/Yellow Visual Disturbances

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	Created by Kwanyin Chevry over 10 years ago