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16337670
The atmosphere
Description
Mapa Mental en The atmosphere, creado por Mónica Garrido en 16/12/2018.
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Mind Map by
Mónica Garrido
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Mónica Garrido
over 5 years ago
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Resource summary
The atmosphere
DEFINITION
Layer of gases that surrounds the Earth
ORIGIN
4.4 BY
Gases escaped from deep inside
Hydrogen & Helium
Blew away by solar wind
Primitive atmosphere
Volcanic gases
Thanks to magnetic field
3.5 BY
Photosynthetic bacteria produced Oxygen
COMPOSITION
Primitive atmosphere
Volcanic gases
Carbon dioxide
Chlorine & Sulphur oxides
Small amounts: nitrogen & argon
Today
Oxigen 21%
Nitrogen 78%
Trace gases 1%
Argon 0.9%
Carbon dioxide
Other gases 0.06%
Methane Chorine & Sulphur oxides Ozone
STRUCTURE
Troposphere
Lowest layer Closest to Earth
90% mass
To -55ºC
Weather
Tropopause 10-15 km
Stratosphere
Very stable vertically
10-50km
Planes
Strong horizontal winds
Contains Ozonosphere
Stratopause
Mesosphere
50-80km
Temperature reaches -100ºC
Mesopause
Ionosphere
Outer layer
At 500 km meets outer space
Less and less air
Higher temperatures
FUNCTIONS
Provides to living things:
Oxygen to breath
Carbon dioxide used in photosynthesis
Nitrogen used by some bacteria
Filter against solar radiation
Regulation of global temperature
Other functions
Winds
Distribute solar energy
Change landscape through erosion, transport and sedimentation
Changes/breaks rocks
Through chemical reactions
Through temperature variations
CHARACTERISTICS
Atmospheric pressure
Weight of air
Depends on altitude & temperature
Measured with a barometer
Air movement
Wind
Mass of air that moves
Caused by atmospheric pressure differences
Air mass
Large volume of air with similar properties
Fronts
Boundary between masses
Warm front
Cold front
Areas
High pressure area
Air fails & moves away in all directions
Low pressure area
Air enters from all directions & rises
Precipitation
Any form of water that falls to Earth
At very low temperatures: Snow or hail
Weather
Conditions of the atmosphere in a specific area at a particular time
Air pollution
Air quality: state of air at a given time
Pollutants
Substances that affect negativity air quality
Examples
Carbon monoxide
Causes suffocation
Sulphur & nitrogen oxides
Irritant & Acid rain
Soot
Particles, enter lungs & blood, causing serious damage
Solid, liquid or gas
Problems
Global warming
Carbon dioxide
Human activities
Increases Acumulates
Green house effect
Traps heat energy emitted by Earth
Natural component of air
Hole in the ozone layer
CFC gases
Produced by industry
If they reach stratosphere, destroy ozone
Clouds
Water droplets
Very light
Air rises
Climate
Average atmosphere conditions in a specific area over a long period of time
Meteologists
Study average daily values over a long period:
Temperature
Precipitation
Create climographs
Favorable actions
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