Manchester - Urban decline and regeneration/development

History
1. Site of world's first passenger railway station
2. Led political and economic reform of 19th century Britain as the vanguard of free trade
  1. RAPID URBANISATION
    1. Boom in textile manufacture during the Industrial revolution
    2. People flocked to the city = employment
    3. 1900: Manchester City Region was the 9th most populous in the world
3. Mid 20th century saw decline in Manchester's industrial importance = a depression in social and economic conditions
4. Subsequent investment, gentrification and rebranding from the 1990s on changed its fortunes
  1. Revingorated Manchester as post-industrial city
5. What went wrong?
  1. Great depression in 1930s and competition saw the textile industry collapse
  2. Widespread decline and depopulation
  3. Andale building bombed by IRA, 1996 - regeneration opportunity
The re-imagining of the late 1980s
1. Bring back some residents to the city centre
2. Attract private investment in housing, office, leisure and tourism, and retail
3. Compete amongst global cities (market)
4. City to move from production to consumption - attract wealth
PARTNERSHIP SCHEME
1. National gov and local stakeholders working together
  1. National gov input = QUANGO
    1. Central Manchester Development Corporation - design change and attract money
      1. CMDC part of the Urban Development Corporation, 1988-96
    2. 'Property-led regeneration'
    3. Use public money to lever in private investment
  2. Local stakeholders include the NHS and Urban Splash (Architects in Manchester)
Successes of the Partnership Scheme
1. An exemplar of regeneration - iconic design
  1. 14,000 people living in the city centre
    1. Used old factories as new apartments - old working areas have not become derelict
2. Manchester hosted the 2002 Commonwealth Games - a catalyst for regeneration in East Manchester
  1. East Manchester = most disadvantaged area in Manchester, work still ongoing
  2. Created more jobs and introduced new sporting opportunities
3. CMDC attracted investment, leading to the addition of Harvey Nichols, many hotels, clubs, and office developments
  1. Employment
4. Environmental success - canal towpaths connected and used to attract more affluent people
Negative impacts of the Partnership Scheme
1. No link to Ancoats, City Challenge in Hulme or the Training and Enterprise Council
2. Of Manchester's wards, 47% are amongst the 10% most deprived in the country (2010)
3. Regeneration of the city centre has increased inequalities in Manchester
  1. E.G: In Harpurhey the residents lack skills - 51% of people aged 16-74 have no qualifications! Many are on incapacity benefits
    1. The people do not feel part of the boom, instead feel marginalised and uninvolved.
    2. 2010: Harpurhey was the 2nd most deprived ward in England!
  2. Suggests that the 'trickle down' idea of the CMDC did not work

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Manchester - Urban decline and regeneration/development

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	Created by Hannah Burnett over 9 years ago